简单句基本句型和There-be-句型

简单句的基本句型&Therebe句型CONTENTS简单句的基本句型Therebe

句型1简单句的基本句型PartOne主语“什么人”或“什么事”谓语“做什么”或“怎么样”宾语动作行为的对象定语用来修饰名词或代词状语修饰动词，形容词或副词表语“是什么”,”怎么样”宾补用来补充说明宾语的情况Isawatallboytakeyourbookjustnow.主谓宾定补状简单句的基本句型01020304051主+谓

S+V主+谓+宾S+V+O主+系+表S+V+P主+谓+间宾+直宾S+V+o+O主+谓+宾+宾补S+V+O+C主语+谓语+宾语主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语动词系动词不及物动词及物动词主语+系+表语主语+谓语按照动词分类01主+谓(不及物)（S+V）动态句-做动作1.Ihear.2.Iswim.3.Iswiminthesea.4.Iswiminsummer.地点状语时间状语1.Hecame.2.Shedances.3.Tomgetsup.4.Whathappened?5.Itdoesnotmatter.6.Theytalked.句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。1）Building

hasstarted.

主语谓语2）Thetrain

leavesat7:40.

主语谓语________搭配：Theteacherteacheswell.Thechildwalksveryslowly.________搭配：Thegirllookedatthepicture.Thechildrenrantotheforest.动词副词动词介词其他搭配Exercise1.每天8点40开始上课。2.你应当努力学习。3.五年前我住在北京。Youshouldstudy

hard.IlivedinBeijingfiveyearsago.Classes

begin

at8:40everyday.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Fewstudentsliketakingexams.Heforgottoclosethedoor.IhopeIcanspeakEnglishfluently.02主+谓(及物)+宾（S+V+O）动态句-做动作此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作,必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。IstudyEnglish.主语谓语宾语Exercise1.昨晚我写了一封信。2.他懂英语。3.他不知道说什么好。HeunderstandsEnglish.Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.Iwrotealetterlastnight.LiLeiisaChineseboy.03主+系+表（S+V+P）静态句-做不出动作来HeisinEngland.Theflowerisbeautiful.东东是东东东东在哪里东东怎么样系动词，“是”，相当于等号。主系表能被am/is/are代替的动词才是系动词1.I____astudent.2.I_____someicecream.3.They____athome.4.Theicecream_____nice.东东是东东东东在哪里东东怎么样1.Thecaketastesnice.2.Youlookill.3.Themusicsoundsgreat.=is=are=is主系表①Itastethecake.我品尝那个蛋糕。②Thecaketastesnice.那个蛋糕尝起来不错。③Ismellthecake.我闻那个蛋糕。④Thecakesmellsnice.那个蛋糕闻起来不错。⑤Ilookatthecake.我看着那个蛋糕。⑥Thecakelooksnice.那个蛋糕看起来不错。IcakeIcakeIcaketaste=issmell=islook=isExercise1.他看上去很累。2.这本词典是我的。3.你的裙子真漂亮。Thisdictionaryismine.Yourdressisverybeautiful.Helooksverytired.04主+谓(及物)+宾+宾（S+V+o+O）动态句-做动作Iikeapplesandpeaches.我喜欢苹果和桃子Igiveyou.我给你Igiveanapple.我给个苹果合并方式（1）:动人物Igiveyouanapple.合并方式（2）:动物吐（to）人Igiveanappletoyou.双宾语易位Isendyousomecards.Isendsomecardstoyou.Sheshowsherpassporttome.Sheshowsmeherpassport.Hebuysmefood.Hebuysfoodforme.Giveittome.Givemeit.物是名词放两边，物是代词放中间。双宾语易位借助for的情况Hebuysmefood.Hebuysfoodforme.1.给.......买：

book预定........；buy买........；order订购........2.给.......做：

cook做（饭）；make制作........3.给.......取得：

fetch取得........；find找........；get拿........；pick摘....;steal偷得........leavesbsth=leavesthforsb把某物留给某人注意：也有leavesth.tosb.这个用法，但多表示留遗产，慎用！“三个买两个做，五种取得留给佛（for）”Exercise1.我父亲给我买了一辆新自行车.2.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。Grandmatoldusaninterestingstorylastnight.Myfatherbuysmeanewbike.

Myfatherbuysanewbikeforme.

Grandmatoldaninterestingstorytouslastnight.05主+谓(及物)+宾+宾补（S+V+O+C）动态句-做动作①TimwantsJacktogo.Tim想让Jack走！②WemakeJackourmonitor.我们让Jack当我们班长。③TimmakesJacksad.Tim使Jack伤心了！主谓宾宾补宾语的动作主谓宾宾补宾语的身份主谓宾宾补宾语的状态05主+谓(及物)+宾+宾补（S+V+O+C）动态句-做动作①Shesawmeswimming.她看见我在游泳。②Imethimonthestreet.我在大街上遇见他。

③Sheawardsmeamedal.她奖励了我一块奖牌。主谓宾宾补主谓宾地点状语主谓宾宾能引导宾补的动词特点1.TimwantsJacktogo.2.WemakeJackourmonitor.3.Weorderhimtofire.4.Shesawmeswimming.5.Iheardhersinging.“想要”“让”“命令”“看见”“听见”使、让、见Exercise1.我们叫她Mary.2.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。3.我要你把真相告诉我。Weallconsiderhimhonest.Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.WecallherMary.Exercise(句型判断)1.Theyworkhard.

主+谓2.Theflowerisdead.

主+系+表3.Plantsneedwater.

主+谓+宾4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.

主+谓+直宾+间宾5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.

主+谓+宾+宾补6.Manyanimalsliveintrees.

主+谓1.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.2.Theyprovedthattheearthwasround.3.Yoursisterdancesbeautifully.4.Harryseemslikeanormalboy.5.Myunclesuggested(me)gettingajobinabank.主谓宾宾补主谓主谓宾主系表主谓双宾Exercise(句型判断)2Therebe句型PartTwoHowmanyflowersarethereinthepicturenow?Thereare25flowersonthetreenow.???Therearethreepicturesonthewall.Thereisadeskintheroom.Therearetwogirlsinthehousetherebe句型Therebe句型表示“存在…”“有”，即什么地方或什么时间存在什么事物。其中be动词有时态和单复数变化。Therebe+

某物/某人+

某地1.Thereisagirlandtwoboysinthepicture.2.Therearetwoboysandagirlinthepicture.就近原则be动词单复数形式要跟therebe之后的第一个主语保持一致，如果第一个主语是单数或不可数名词用is，如果第一个主语是复数用are。there是个近视眼

表示：某地有某物或某人Therebe+sb+sw单数is复数are不可数的用is1.There_____adollinthetoybox.A.isB.are

2.There_____somebreadontheplate.A.isB.are3.There_____alotofgreentreesinthePark.A.isB.areExercise就近原则只要看到be动词后面的词是复数名词，就用are，否则就用is。1.There_____adeskandfifty-fivechairsintheclassroom.A.areB.is

2.There_____fifty-fivechairsandadeskintheclassroom.A.areB.is3.There_____somewaterinthebottle.A.isB.areC.haveD.be4.Thereis______.A.apencilB.twobooksC.fiveapplesD.awaterExerciseThereisaradioonthedesk.Therebe---的一般疑问句

Istherearadioonthedesk?

Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.Therearesomeshoesunderthebed.

Arethere

anyshoesunderthebed?

Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.规则：

is/are要提前,some变any,其他都不变．Therebe句型的否定形式1.Thereisaknifeinthekitchen.否定:Thereisnot

aknifeinthekitchen.2.Therearefiveapplesonthetree.否定:Therearenot

fiveapplesonthetree.3.Thereissomeinkinthebottle.否定:Thereisnot

anyinkinthebottle.

isn’taren’t规则：be词后面加not,some变any1.Therebe结构的一般过去时1.therebe结构的一般过去时Therewas/were+某物/某人+其他。思考：什么时候用was,什么时候用were

wasThere___ateacherand40studentsintheroomyesterday.2.Therebe结构的一般将来时Therewillbe+sb/sth+其他Thereis(are)goingtobe+sb/sth

+其他TherewillbeapartyonMonday.Thereisgoingtobeameetingthisafternoon.There和have的区别Therebe结构表示“某时/某地有某人/某物，”含义是“存在有”，其中there只是引导词，无实义。Thereisasmartphoneonthedesk.(主语是物，表示手机在桌子上。)therebe含义是拥有，其主语是物品的所有者，多数情况下是人。Ihaveanewsmartphone.(主语是人，是手机的所有者。)have3.Therebe结构的现在完成时3.therebe结构的一般将来时Therehave/has+been+sb/sth

Therehasbeenmanygoodstudentsinourschool.

我们学校一直有很多好学生。4.Therebe结构与情态动词连用4.therebe结构与情态动词连用There+情态动词+be+sb/sth

Theremaybeafootballmatchnextweek.Therebe＋sb.＋doingsth.＋地点/时间有某人在做某事Thereisababysleeping

intheroom.树上有一只鸟正在唱歌。Thereisabirdsinginginthetree.街上有两个男孩正在奔跑。Therearetwoboysrunninginthestreet.Therebe---的其他结构Exercise1.There_____aclockonthetable.A.is

B.are2.______therearadioonyourdesk?A.

Are

B.Is3.____thereamaponthewall?Yes,there______.A.Are/is

B.Is/are

C.Is/is

D.Are/are4.There_____somestudentsintheclassroom.A.are

B.is5.There_____apencil,abookandtwopensonthetable.A.is

B.areExercise5.There___twoapples,oneorangeandonebananaonthetable.A.is

B.are6.Arethere___picturesonthewall?No,therearen't___.A.any/anyB.some/any

C.some/someD.any/some7.Thereisn'tabookinhishand.Thereis_____bookinhishand.A.no

B.not8.--Arethere_____shopsnearhere?--No,thereare_____shopsnearhere.A.some,not

B.some,any

C.any,not

D.any,noExercise9.There___not____milkinthecuponthetable.

A.are,many

B.are