经济学原理ii16春季期中2仅试题版

II（2016年春季学期）期中考试2（A卷）（50WhentheJapanesecarmakerToyotaexpandsoneofitscarfactoriesintheUnitedStates,whatisthelikelyimpactofthiseventontheGDPandtheGNPoftheUnitedStates?GDPrisesandGNPGNPrisesandGDPGDPshowsalargerincreasethanGNPshowsalargerincreasethanNinawantstobuyandoperateanice-creamtruckbutdoesn’thavethefinancialresourcestostartthebusiness.Sheborrows$5,000fromherfriendMax,towhomshepromisesaninterestrateof7percent,andgetsanother$10,000fromherfriendDavid,towhomshepromisesathirdofherprofits.Whatbestdescribesthissituation?Maxisastockholder,andNinaisaMaxisastockholder,andDavidisaDavidisastockholder,andNinaisaDavidisastockholder,andMaxisaOverthepastdecade,newcomputertechnologyhasenabledfirmstoreducesubstantiallytheamountofinventoriestheyholdforeachdollarofsales.Expendituresoninventoriesareatypeofinvestment.Otherthingsequal,thischangewillinvestmentinfactoriesandequipment,andprivatesavings.ThepopulationofEcteniais100people:40workfull-time,20workhalf-timebutwouldprefertoworkfull-time,10arelookingforajob,10wouldliketoworkbutaresodiscouragedtheyhavegivenuplooking,10arenotinterestedinworkingbecausetheyarefull-timestudents,and10areretired.WhatistheunemploymentrateinEctenia?10percent,thenitscapitalwillbereducedWhichofthefollowingactionsbytheFedwouldreducethemoneyareductioninbanks’reserveanincreaseintheinterestratepaidonadecreaseinthediscountrateonFedHigherpricelevelinaneconomywillholdingsofmoneybythepeople;higherinflationratewillholdingofmoneybythepeople.(Hint:considertheshoe-leathercostsofinflation.)decrease,中T为其纳税额，Y为其收入，式中各项均为名义值。假定一个人的实际收入恒定为100,000。则在没有通货膨胀时，其实际的平均税率为，在发生10%通货膨胀时，其真实的Deflationisdefinedasthedecreaseintheoveralllevelofpricesintheeconomy.Amongallthecostsofinflation,whichoneisleastlikelytobethecostsofdeflation?LeatherMenuII.Equilibriumonthemarketforloanablefunds.(9EconomistsinFunlandia,aclosedeconomy,havecollectedthefollowinginformationabouttheeconomyforaparticularyear:Theeconomistsalsoestimatethattheconsumptionfunctionandtheinvestmentfunctionis:C=0.8*(Y-T)-10,000r,I=3,300-10,000r,whereristhecountry’srealinterestrate.Derivetheprivatesavingfunctionandthenationalsavingfunction,whicharefunctionsofr.(2NowsupposetheGincreasefrom1,700toFindthenewequilibriumrealinterest,investmentandnationalsaving.(2pts)Nowthenationsavingfunctionis:Nowsupposethegovernmentimposesasavingtax:foreachunitofsaving,thedepositorsshouldpayataxoft=0.01units.ThetaxrevenuecollectedisusedtoincreaseT.Findthenewequilibriumrealinterestforthedepositorsandtheinvestors,andalsotheequilibriuminvestmentandnationalsaving.(3pts)三、劳动合同法与摩擦性失业（12分假定在一个经济中，每个工人和企业均签订为期1年的合同。合同到期后，企业决定是否找到新工作后仍然由企业和工人签订为期1年的合同。以此类推。1多少？（提示：每个工人每工作多长时间就会失业1次？）（2分）1济的失业率又是多少？（t1t的表达式。）（2分）（2年后3个聘期开始时，如果还要继续雇佣该工人，必须与该工人签订无固定期限合同。假定该无固定期限合同一旦签订，工人在退休之前都不得被解雇。假定一个工人从进入劳动力市场到离开劳动力市场（退休）的时间为10年。变化，计算出新的失业率。（1分）5（时间就会失业1）（2分）聘的概率上升到80%。在第1个聘期结束时选择不续聘的概率仍为50%。业率是上升还是下降？（2分）一定？并给出直观的解释。（1分）可以通过劳动合同法来试图减少失业。你觉得哪个办法更好？解释你的回答。（1分）四、银行挤兑与央行再贷款（11分提取10%的法定准备金率。T型账户。该