江西省南昌市部分学校2022-2023学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题

高二英语试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichofthefollowingdoesthewomansuggestthemanbuy?A.Atoybear. B.Atelescope. C.Abook.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:IneedtogetTomsomethingforhisbirthday.Maybeatoybear?W:He’sfartoooldforthatnow.Heisinterestedinastronomy.IgothimsomebookstoreadatChristmas.Maybeyoucouldgethimatelescopetoobservethesky.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whobrokethepen?A.Theman’smother. B.Thewoman. C.Theman.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Sorry,Bella.Ithoughtitwasyouwhobrokemypenyesterday,butIdidn’tknowitwasMom’sfaultuntilshetoldmetoday.W:What?Ididn’tknowaboutit.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenarethespeakersgoingtoleave?A.At3:45. B.At3:15. C.At2:45.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Shallwegoataquarterpastthree?M:No,let’sgoataquartertothree.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WheredidLucyprobablygojustnow?A.Tothebookstore. B.Tothesupermarket. C.Tothepostoffice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Lucy.Nicemeetingyouhere.W:Yes,it’sreallyasurprise.IpostedsomeclothesjustnowandIplantogotothebookstore.M:Ijustcameoutfromthesupermarket.Ihavetogonow.Wecanhaveanicechatnexttime.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthemanwanttotravel?A.Bycar. B.Byplane. C.Bytrain.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whereshallwegoonholidaythisyear?W:Whydon’twetakeatraindowntotheseaside?Orwecanborrowmydad’scar?M:Goingtotheseasideisagreatidea,butI’dliketoflytheretosavetime.第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthespeakers’attitudetowardstakingthebus?A.Unconcerned. B.Negative. C.Understanding.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gocycling. B.Holdaparty. C.Waitforanotherbus.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Bill,whendoyouthinkthebusisgoingtogethere?M:Ihavenoidea,butit’sobviouslylate.W:Yeah,it’shalfpastfivenow.We’llsurelybelateforthedinnerparty.M:Ihatetakingthebus.W:SodoI.Youcannevercountonpublictransportation.Thetrafficisalwaysheavy.M:Exactly.W:Ireallycan’tstandwaitingatthebusstopanylonger.Let’sgobybike.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdidthemandoaweekago?A.Hewenttoaclubmeeting.B.Hebegantowritehisessay.C.Hehandedinhisphysicalpaper.9.Whatisthewoman’sEnglishessayabout?A.Atypicalforeignschool.B.Awriterinanothercountry.C.Atypicalforeignschoolday.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Nina.Haveyoufinishedyourphysicalpaperyet?W:Ihandeditinyesterday.Bytheway,haveyoubeentoanyoftheartclubmeetingsyet?M:Yeah,Iwenttooneaweekago.Itwasfun.W:Cool.Well,I’vegottogonow.Ihaven’tstartedmyEnglishessayyet.Haveyou?M:Yeah,Istarteditlastnight.Whichtopicdidyouchoose?W:Atypicalschooldayinanothercountry.Haveyoueverwrittenaboutthattopicbefore?Ineedsomeideas.M:Sorry,no.YoucanaskSimone.Ithinkshealreadyfinishedthistopic.W:That’sagoodidea.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhatdoesJackoffertodoforMary?A.HelpherimproveherEnglish.B.Introducehertohisneighbors.C.Showheraroundtheneighborhood.11.WhatdoesMaryplantodoonThursday?A.Meetafriend. B.Lookforaflat. C.Decorateagarden.12.WhatwillJack’sneighborsprepareforthegathering?A.Acake. B.Somecoffee. C.Someflowers.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Mary.Haveyoumetanyofyourneighborsyet?W:Notreally,Jack.It’squitedifficultbecausemyEnglishisn’tverygood.M:What?YourEnglishisfine,Mary!Anyway,lotsofpeopleherearefromdifferentcountries.W:Arethey?Ididn’tknowthat.M:Actually,twoofmyneighborsareingroundtomyflatforcoffeeonFridaymorning.Doyoualsowanttoesothatyoucanmeetthem?W:Letmethink.TodayisWednesday.TomorrowI’mgoingtoseemyfriendLuke.Soyes,IshouldbefreeonFriday.WhattimeshouldIeround?M:Is10:30OK?W:Yes,thatsoundsgreat,thankyou.I’llmakeacake.That’smycountry’straditionalsnack.It’scalledmawacake.I’msurethatallofyouwilllikeit!M:Wow,thanks!Myneighborsalsopromisedtobringsomerosesfromtheirgarden.I’mreallylookingforwardtothegathering.SeeyouonFridaythen.W:Seeyou,Jack.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Roommates. C.Relatives.14.Wheredidthemangettheinformationabouttheflat?A.Ontheblackboard. B.OntheInternet. C.Inthenewspaper.15.Howmanybedroomsarethereintheflat?A.One. B.Two. C.Three.16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Paytherentfirst. B.Callherthisafternoon. C.Gotoseetheflat.【答案】13.A14.B15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello.CanIhelpyou?M:Oh,hello.Myname’sPaulBlake.I’mringingabouttheflat.W:Oh,yes.Yousawitinthenewspaper,didn’tyou?M:No,IsawitontheInternet.Couldyoutellmesomethingabouttheflat?W:Well,there’squiteabigsittingroomandakitchen.Therearetwobedrooms:abigoneandasmallone,andtheyarequitenice.It’saflatupstairs,onthetopfloorofthehouse.Welivedownstairs.M:Uh…Howmuchisitexactly?W:Well,200poundsaweek.M:200pounds?That’stooexpensive.W:Look,whydon’tyoueroundandseetheflat?Thenyoucanmakeupyourmind.It’sbetterthantryingtotalkaboutitoverthephone.M:Yes.MayIseeitnow?Iwanttoseeifthepricematchestheflat.W:Well,it’sabitdifficultformethismorning.I’vegottogoout.M:Howaboutthisafternoon?Ataboutthree?W:OK,Paul.Threewouldbefineforme.M:Right.Seeyouthisafternoon.Bye.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hishobbies. B.Hisweekendplan. C.Hisschooldailyroutine.18.Howlongdomorningclassestake?A.3.5hours. B.4hours. C.4.5hours.19.Whatkindofsportdoesthespeakerliketoplayafterclass?A.Basketball. B.Football. C.Tabletennis.20.Whatdoesthespeakerusuallydobetween10:00pmand10:30pm?A.Hetakesabath. B.Helistenstomusic. C.Hedoeshishomework.【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:HereiswhatIdoeverydayonschooldays.AlthoughIambusy,Ienjoyeverydaytothefullest.AsIliveabitfarfrommyschool,Ialwayssetmyalarmo’clockinadvance.I’mwokenupbymyclockat6:00inthemorningandIimmediatelygetup.Ifinishmyshowerat6:45am.Ihavebreakfastbetween7:00amand7:30am.ThenIpackmybagandleaveforschool.Ihaveclassesfrom8:00to11:30inthemorning,andthenIhavelunchatschool.Classesintheafternoonbeginat1:30andfinishat5:30.Afterclass,Iliketodosomesports,suchasplayingbasketballandtennis,forhalfanhour.Aftergettinghome,Ihavesupperaround7:00pm.Iusuallytakeabreakaftersupper.Thenataround8:00pm,Ibegindoingmyhomework.Iusuallyworkonmyhomeworktill10:00pm.Afterthat,Iusuallylistentomusicforhalfanhour.ThenItakeabathandgotobedbefore11:00pm.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AManyfruittreesandbushesareverysimpletoplantusingnoequipmentexceptsomepottingsoilandaheatingequipment.Infact,youcangetahandfulofcuttingsforfreefromafriendduringpruning(修剪)seasonandendupwithawholehomemadefruitfarm.GrapesTheyarethefirsteasyspeciesonmylistbecausetheywillgrowinmostpartsoftheUSandareeasytorootfromhardwoodcuttings.Hardwoodcuttingsarepiecesofoneyearoldwoodtakeninthelatewinterbeforethebudsstarttogrow.FigsTheyarejusteasytoroot,butIputthemsecondonmylistbecausenorthernerswillhaveahardtimekeepingtheplantsalive.Ifyoulivepartywaynorth,youcangrowfigsaslongasyouchooseacoldhardyvariety.RabbiteyeblueberriesTheyareanexampleofanotherkindofselfrootingplant.Afterafewyears,itwillbegintosendupsuckersfromnearthebase.Thesuckersthatareatleastafewinchesawayfromtheparentplantwillgenerallygrowrootsayearafteremerging,atwhichpointyoucandigdownuntilyou’vefoundseveralroots.GooseberriesTheyaresimplebecausetheyjustaboutrootthemselves.Ifyouallow(orforce)onebranchtogrowalongtheground,thencoverpartofthebranchwithrichsoil,rootswillgrowontheunderwaterpart.Cuttheirstemsoffnextyearandyou’llhaveoneormoregooseberryplantstosetoutelsewhere.21.Whatmakesgrapesthefirsteasyspeciesontheauthor’slist?A.Theirhighproduction. B.Theirdeliciousandspecialtaste.C.Theirgreateconomicvalue. D.Theirstrongadaptabilitytogrow.22.Whenwillyougetnewgooseberryplants?A.Aftergrowingalongtheground.B.Beforecoveringpartofthebranch.C.Aftercuttingtheirstemsthenextyear.D.Beforerootsgrowontheunderwaterpart.23.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Science. B.Gardening. C.Fashion. D.Entertainment.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了许多果树和灌木的种植非常简单，除了一些盆栽土壤和加热设备外，不需要任何设备。文章介绍了几种容易种植的果树。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Grapes中“TheyarethefirsteasyspeciesonmylistbecausetheywillgrowinmostpartsoftheUSandareeasytorootfromhardwoodcuttings.”（它们是我名单上第一个容易种植的物种，因为它们可以在美国大部分地区生长，而且很容易从硬木插枝上生根。）可知，葡萄成为作者列单上的第一种容易种植的品种是因为它们的生长适应性强。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Gooseberries中“Cuttheirstemsoffnextyearandyou’llhaveoneormoregooseberryplantstosetoutelsewhere.”（明年砍掉它们的茎，你就会有一株或多株醋栗植株在别处生长。）可知，种新的醋栗树可以选择在第二年剪掉它们的茎后。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Manyfruittreesandbushesareverysimpletoplantusingnoequipmentexceptsomepottingsoilandaheatingequipment.Infact,youcangetahandfulofcuttingsforfreefromafriendduringpruning(修剪)seasonandendupwithawholehomemadefruitfarm.”（许多果树和灌木的种植非常简单，除了一些盆栽土壤和加热设备外，不需要任何设备。事实上，在修剪季节，你可以从朋友那里免费得到一把插枝，这样你就拥有了一个完整的自制果园。）可推知，这篇文章可以出现在报纸的园艺版面。故选B项。BIntheheartofTexas,“BeeCzar”WalterSchumacherissavingtheworld—onehive(蜂群)atatime.Andhedoesitwithoutwearingaprotectivebeesuit.Whatishistechnique?He“municates”withthebeestoavoidbeingbitten.WalterandhisteamattheAmericanHoneyBeeProtectionAgencyrescuehivesfromplacesthatareunwanted—insidethewallsofahouseor30feetupinaneighborhoodtree,andrelocatethehiveswherethebeescangrowandpollinate(授粉)inpeace.AccordingtoWalter,everythirdbiteoffoodweeatwaspollinatedbybees;withoutthem,lifewouldceaseexisting.Butsavingbeescostsmoney,sotheyhavegottosellhoneytomakemoney.Walter’sbusinessoncewasboomingwith$200,000inyearlysales.Butafterlosingeverythinginthepastthreeyears,Walterwantstorebuildhishoneybusinesssothathecanaffordtorescueunwantedhives.WithhisoldestsonWillandasmallbutdedicatedteam,Walterhasaplantotransformtheiroldfamilyfarmintotheirnewheadquarters,tosavemorebeesandsellmorehoney.Savingbeesisabigaffair.Willrunsthebusiness,tryingtokeephisdadorganized;WalterteacheshisyoungersonsBodhiandOdintheskillsofkeepingbees,andWill’swifeMeredithisexperiencingherfirstbeerescue.WalteralsoinvitesbeetechnicianJonathanwhoseeksinnercalmbyrescuingbeesandscaffolding(脚手架)proSandy,whocanreachangrybeesinplacesladderscan’tanddreamsoftalkingtobeesherself.WalterbringsaudiencesintothehivewhenhetrainsbeekeeperstosafelyhandlemillionsofbeesWillplanstosignbigcontractssellinghoneytobusinesseslikerestaurantsandsupermarkets,meanwhileundertakingdangeroushiverescues.24.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWalter’sworkofrescuingbees?A.Interesting. B.Tough. C.Tiring. D.Simple.25.WhatdoesWalterthinkofbees?A.Theyareimportanttous. B.Theyarenotindanger.C.Theycan’tgrowinpeace. D.Theycanbitemanypeople.26.WhatisWalter’spresentplan?A.Tofindmorehives. B.Toexpandhisteam.C.Torebuildhisbusiness. D.Totrainmorebeeraisers.27.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.WhyWalterstartedthebigaffair.B.WhatWalter’sfamilydotosavebees.C.WhetherWalterstickstohisbusiness.D.HowWalterteacheshissonstokeepbees.【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了Walter及其家人为拯救蜜蜂而做出的努力。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“WalterandhisteamattheAmericanHoneyBeeProtectionAgencyrescuehivesfromplacesthatareunwanted—insidethewallsofahouseor30feetupinaneighborhoodtree,andrelocatethehiveswherethebeescangrowandpollinate(授粉)inpeace.”（Walter和他的团队总是在一些不太受欢迎的地方(如房屋的墙壁里或者邻居家的树上)拯救蜜蜂）推知，他的工作是艰难的。故选B项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AccordingtoWalter,everythirdbiteoffoodweeatwaspollinatedbybees;withoutthem,lifewouldceaseexisting.”（根据沃尔特的说法，我们吃的食物中有三分之一是由蜜蜂授粉的；没有它们，生命将不复存在）推知，Walter觉得蜜蜂是重要的。故选A项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Butafterlosingeverythinginthepastthreeyears,Walterwantstorebuildhishoneybusinesssothathecanaffordtorescueunwantedhives.”（但在过去三年里失去了一切之后，沃尔特想重建他的蜂蜜业务，这样他就有能力拯救不需要的蜂箱）可知，Walter想重建他的蜂蜜生意,以便拯救更多的蜜蜂。故选C项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。最后一段“Savingbeesisabigaffair.Willrunsthebusiness,tryingtokeephisdadorganized;WalterteacheshisyoungersonsBodhiandOdintheskillsofkeepingbees,andWill’swifeMeredithisexperiencingherfirstbeerescue.WalteralsoinvitesbeetechnicianJonathanwhoseeksinnercalmbyrescuingbeesandscaffolding(脚手架)proSandy,whocanreachangrybeesinplacesladderscan'tanddreamsoftalkingtobeesherself.”（拯救蜜蜂是一件大事。威尔经营着生意，试图让他的父亲井井有条；沃尔特教他的小儿子菩提和奥丁养蜂的技能，威尔的妻子梅雷迪思正在经历她的第一次蜜蜂救援。沃尔特还邀请了蜜蜂技术人员乔纳森，他通过拯救蜜蜂和脚手架专业人士桑迪来寻求内心的平静，桑迪可以在梯子无法到达的地方到达愤怒的蜜蜂，并梦想着自己与蜜蜂交谈）可知，本段主要讲述了Walter及其家人为拯救蜜蜂而做出的努力。故选B项。CMapreading,growingfruitandvegetableandbasiccarservicearealsomoremonskillsamongthebabyboomergeneration.Butaccordingtoanewsurvey,justoneinthree18to25yearoldsareabletodobasicDIY,paredtotwothirdsofthoseaged58andover.SarahClarkeKuehn,ChiefOperatingOfficermercial,said,“Thesurveyfindingsaresointerestingastheyhighlightaverymonincorrectconceptionrelatedto‘gettingold’.”Whenaskedatwhatagetheythoughtdevelopingnewskillsbees“difficult”,GenZrespondentssaidtheywere35yearsold,whilethoseagedover58believedthisnumberwas63yearsold.Thebeliefisthatthereisaboundarybetweenlearningnewskillsandgettingasenseofachievement.Butweknowthatthisisjustnotthecase.Thebenefitsincontinuingtoenjoylife,aswellasdevelopingnewtalentsareverysignificant—bothphysicallyandmentallyaswegrowolder.Neuroscientistandauthor,DrJuliaJones,said,“Weunderestimateourbrain’sabilitytocontinuelearning.Ourbrainisthemostplexandprecisestructureintheknownuniversebutweonlyuseasmallpartofitstruepotentialthroughoutourlifetimes.Toboostcontinuedbrainhealth,weshouldlearnplexandnovelskillsatallages.Thisbeesmoreimportantasweage,becausetheselearningexperienceshelptobuildnewconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经细胞)thatmaintainintelligenceandreducetheriskoffuturebraindecline.”“Learninglanguagesandmusicalinstrumentsarebelievedtobeeffectiveatboostingneuroplasticity(神经可塑性)duetotheirplexnature,butalllearningisbeneficialandcanbringasenseofachievement,purposeandsocialengagement.”DrJonesadded.“Findanewhobbyandthrowyourselfintoawonderfullearningexperienceorpickupanoldpastimeandimprovethoseskills.I’mcurrentlylearningtoplaytheguitarandit’sopenedupawholenewworldofmusicandfun.”28.Whatismentionedabouttheyounggenerationinthetext?A.TheyloseinterestinDIY.B.Theyhavenoideainplants.C.Manyofthemlacksomebasicskills.D.Manyofthemownpoorreadingskills.29.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinparagraph3?A.Learningbringsasenseofbelonging.B.Itisnevertoolatetolearninone’slife.C.Itisnecessarytoshowoffone’stalents.D.Thebenefitsoflifelonglearningaretemporary.30.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thesignificanceofknowingthestructureofthebrain.B.Thedifficultiesinimprovingtheabilityofthebrain.C.Thereasonsfortakingfulladvantageofthebrain.D.Theprocessofprotectingthebrainfromrisk.31.WhatisDrJones’attitudetolearningmusicalinstruments?A.Favorable. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.【答案】28.C29.B30.C31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要随着年龄的增长，继续享受生活以及发展新的才能的好处是非常重要的——无论是身体上还是精神上。【28题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Mapreading,growingfruitandvegetableandbasiccarservicearealsomoremonskillsamongthebabyboomergeneration.Butaccordingtoanewsurvey,justoneinthree18to25yearoldsareabletodobasicDIY,paredtotwothirdsofthoseaged58andover.(阅读地图、种植水果和蔬菜以及基本的汽车服务也是婴儿潮一代更常见的技能。但根据一项新的调查，只有三分之一的18至25岁的人能够做基本的DIY，而58岁及以上的人中这一比例为三分之二。)”可知，年轻一代人很多人不会阅读地图、种植水果和蔬菜以及基本的汽车服务这些基本技能。故选C。【29题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Whenaskedatwhatagetheythoughtdevelopingnewskillsbees“difficult”,GenZrespondentssaidtheywere35yearsold,whilethoseagedover58believedthisnumberwas63yearsold.(当被问及他们认为在什么年龄发展新技能变得“困难”时，Z世代受访者表示他们35岁，而58岁以上的人则认为这个数字是63岁。)”以及“Thebenefitsincontinuingtoenjoylife,aswellasdevelopingnewtalentsareverysignificant—bothphysicallyandmentallyaswegrowolder.(随着年龄的增长，继续享受生活以及培养新才能的好处在身体和精神上都非常重要。)”可知，人们认为人的一生学习永远不会太迟，总要培养新才能。故选B。【30题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Neuroscientistandauthor,DrJuliaJones,said,“Weunderestimateourbrain’sabilitytocontinuelearning.Ourbrainisthemostplexandprecisestructureintheknownuniversebutweonlyuseasmallpartofitstruepotentialthroughoutourlifetimes.Toboostcontinuedbrainhealth,weshouldlearnplexandnovelskillsatallages.Thisbeesmoreimportantasweage,becausetheselearningexperienceshelptobuildnewconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经细胞)thatmaintainintelligenceandreducetheriskoffuturebraindecline.”(神经科学家兼作家JuliaJones博士说：“我们低估了我们大脑继续学习的能力。我们的大脑是已知宇宙中最复杂、最精确的结构，但我们一生只使用了它真正潜力的一小部分。为了促进大脑的持续健康，我们应该在各个年龄段学习复杂而新颖的技能。随着年龄的增长，这一点变得越来越重要，因为这些学习经验有助于建立新的认知能力。”神经元之间的相互作用，维持智力并降低未来大脑衰退的风险。”)”可知，充分利用大脑有很多好处，这一段对此利用大脑的原因进行了解释。故选C。【31题详解】推理判断题。由文章第最后一段中“I’mcurrentlylearningtoplaytheguitarandit’sopenedupawholenewworldofmusicandfun.”(我目前正在学习弹吉他，这打开了一个全新的音乐和乐趣世界。”)”可知，琼斯博士认为学习乐器很有好处，可见，琼斯博士对此是赞许的。故选A。DBiologistswhostudyevolution(进化)havealwaysbeeninterestedinanimalsthatdevelopedonislands.Insomesituations,animalsonislandschangedovertimeandcametolookverydifferentfromthesamespeciesthatlivedonthemainland.TheexpertspointtoanimalssuchasthedwarfelephantthatoncelivedontheMediterraneanislandofCyprus.Theanimalisnowextinct.Whenitlived,however,itwasonlythesizeofasmallhorse.ElephantsthatlivetodayinAfricaandAsiaaremuchlargerthanthat.IntheWestIndies,researchersfoundagiantrodent(啮齿动物)thatlookedlikearat.However,itwasaboutthesamesizeasanAmericanblackbear.Ratsare,ofcourse,manytimessmallerthanbears.Evolutionaryexpertscametocallthisphenomenon“islandeffect”.Theyusedthistermtodescribethefactthatanimalswhonormallyhavesmallbodies“upsize”onanisland,whiletheoppositeistrueforanimalswhousuallyhavelargebodies.The“islandeffect”producesstrangesizedanimalsbecauselargeanimalsrequiremorefoodthansmallanimals.Onanisland,thereisalimitedamountoffood.Asaresult,largeranimalsbeesmallerovergenerationsinordertosurvivewithlowerfoodintake.Forsmallanimals,thereisnotasmuchriskfrompredatorsonanisland,sotheyoftengrowlarger.Recently,researchersreleasedtheirfindingsabout1,231existinganimalsand350extinctonesthatrepresent23millionyearsoflife.Theyfoundthatanimalsonislandsweremoreatriskofextinctionparedtotheirrelativesonthemainland.Thearrivalofhumansettlersincreasedtheextinctionriskforthesestrangeanimals.RobertoRozzi,apaleoecologistatMartinLutherUniversityHalleWittenberginGermanysaidthattheextinctionlinehasbeeevensharperinrecentdecades.Theresearcherscalltheislands“biodiversityhotspots”.Eventhoughtheyonlymakeup7percentoftheEarth’slandmass,theyaccountfor20percentofthelandspecies.32.Whyaretheanimalsintroducedinparagraph2?A.Toparethetwospecies. B.Toleadinthe“islandeffect”.C.Toshowtwokindsofrareanimals. D.Tostressthechangeofsurroundings.33.Whatdoes“theopposite”refertoinparagraph3?A.Animalsofnormalsmallbodies“upsize”onanisland.B.Animalsofnormalsmallbodies“downsize”onanisland.C.Animalsofnormallargesizehavesmallbodiesonanisland.D.Animalsofnormallargesizehavelargerbodiesonanisland.34.Whichofthefollowingdoesthe“islandeffect”agreewith?ASomethingsneverchange. B.Thegainoutweighstheloss.C.Humansliveinharmonywithnature. D.Thefittestanimalssurviveinnaturalselection.35.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheHistoryofUniqueIslandAnimals B.TheBenefitsofSavingIslandAnimalsC.UniqueIslandAnimalsatGreaterChanges D.BiologicalDiversityThreatenedbyHumans【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然界的一种“岛屿效应”，指在某些情况下，岛屿上的动物随着时间的推移而发生变化，看起来与生活在大陆上的同一物种非常不同。解释了这种效应产生的原因以及给人们的启示。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“TheexpertspointtoanimalssuchasthedwarfelephantthatoncelivedontheMediterraneanislandofCyprus.Theanimalisnowextinct.Whenitlived,however,itwasonlythesizeofasmallhorse.ElephantsthatlivetodayinAfricaandAsiaaremuchlargerthanthat.IntheWestIndies,researchersfoundagiantrodent(啮齿动物)thatlookedlikearat.However,itwasaboutthesamesizeasanAmericanblackbear.Ratsare,ofcourse,manytimessmallerthanbears.(专家们指出，曾经生活在地中海塞浦路斯岛上的侏儒象等动物。这种动物现在已经灭绝了。然而，当它活着的时候，它只有一匹小马那么大。今天生活在非洲和亚洲的大象比那要大得多。在西印度群岛，研究人员发现了一种看起来像老鼠的巨型啮齿动物。然而，它和美国黑熊差不多大。当然，老鼠比熊小很多倍)”以及第三段“Evolutionaryexpertscametocallthisphenomenon“islandeffect”.(进化专家称这种现象为“岛屿效应”)”可推知，在第二段中介绍动物是为了引入“岛屿效应”。故选B。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Theyusedthistermtodescribethefactthatanimalswhonormallyhavesmallbodies“upsize”onanisland”可知，进化专家用这个词来描述这样一个事实，即通常身体小的动物在岛上“变大”，while表示前后的对比，说明身体大的动物则身体变小。第3段中的“theopposite”指的是岛上正常体型大的动物身体小。故选C。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“The“islandeffect”producesstrangesizedanimalsbecauselargeanimalsrequiremorefoodthansmallanimals.Onanisland,thereisalimitedamountoffood.Asaresult,largeranimalsbeesmallerovergenerationsinordertosurvivewithlowerfoodintake.Forsmallanimals,thereisnotasmuchriskfrompredatorsonanisland,sotheyoftengrowlarger.(“岛屿效应”产生了体型奇怪的动物，因为大型动物比小型动物需要更多的食物。在岛上，食物是有限的。结果，大型动物一代一代变小，以减少食物摄取量。对于小动物来说，在岛上没有那么大的危险，所以它们通常会长得更大)”可知，在自然选择中适者生存与“岛屿效应”一致。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Biologistswhostudyevolution(进化)havealwaysbeeninterestedinanimalsthatdevelopedonislands.Insomesituations,animalsonislandschangedovertimeandcametolookverydifferentfromthesamespeciesthatlivedonthemainland.(研究进化的生物学家一直对在岛屿上进化的动物很感兴趣。在某些情况下，岛屿上的动物随着时间的推移而发生变化，看起来与生活在大陆上的同一物种非常不同)”结合文章主要介绍了自然界的一种“岛屿效应”，指在某些情况下，岛屿上的动物随着时间的推移而发生变化，看起来与生活在大陆上的同一物种非常不同。解释了这种效应产生的原因以及给人们的启示。可推知，C选项“变化巨大的独特岛屿动物”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforRunningintheMorningTherearesomanygreatreasonstoruninthemorning.____36____.Thisisnottosuggestthatgettingintothehabitiseasy,especiallyifyou’renotamorningperson.Buttherearewaystoeaseyouintotheroutineandinwaysyoumayevenenjoy.◆TeachyourselfgoodsleephabitsBuildingamorningrunninghabitstartswithagoodnight’ssleep.AccordingtotheAmericanSleepAssociation,youcantrainyourselftosleepatanearlierhourifyou:Plantogotosleepatthesametimeeverynight.AvoidTV,reading,orelectronicdevicesanhourbeforebedtime.____37____.Haveanightlyroutine,suchasawarmbathorlisteningtocalmingmusic.◆____38____It’shardtoblowoffarunwhenyou’realreadydressedforit.Ifyoureallywanttogetajumpstartandfindmotivationassoonasyouopenyoureyes,simplywearyourrunningclothestobed.◆PutyouralarmclockoutofreachWhenyouralarmclockgoesoffearlyinthemorning,youmaywanttogetacoupleofmoreminutes’sleep.Ifyou’restrugglingtogetup,placethealarmclockacrosstheroomsothatyouhavetogetoutofbedtoturnitoff.___39___.◆Eatsmart____40____.Afteralongnight’ssleep,youhavelittletodrawuponinthewayofenergy.Ifyouheadoutthedoorhavingeatennothingatall,youwilllikelyexperiencetiredness,musclepain,shortnessofbreath,andweakness.Worstyet,youmayconvinceyourselfthatyou’re“notmadeformorningruns”,when,infact,you’renotfeedingyourselfproperly.A.SleepinyourrunningclothesB.ThenyouarelesslikelytofallbackasleepCItisnevergoodtorunonanemptystomachD.ItisveryimportanttokeepfitandstayhealthyE.AvoidsufferingfromhealthproblemsindailylifeF.AvoidcoffeeoralcoholthreehoursbeforebedtimeG.It’sagreatwaytowakeupandwatchtheworldawakenwithyou【答案】36.G37.F38.A39.B40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个晨跑的小建议。【36题详解】根据前文的“Therearesomanygreatreasonstoruninthemorning.(早上跑步有很多很好的理由。)”可知，此处指出晨跑的好处，后文应该指出具体的好处。G选项“It’sagreatwaytowakeupandwatchtheworldawakenwithyou(这是一个很好的醒来方式，看着世界和你一起醒来)”承接前文，符合语境。故选G。【37题详解】根据前文“Teachyourselfgoodsleephabits(养成良好的睡眠习惯)”可知，此处指出的是养成良好睡眠习惯的几个小建议。F选项“Avoidcoffeeoralcoholthreehoursbeforebedtime(睡前三小时不要喝咖啡或酒精)”与前文构成并列，即为养成良好睡眠习惯的建议。故选F。【38题详解】根据前文“Ifyoureallywanttogetajumpstartandfindmotivationassoonasyouopenyoureyes,simplywearyourrunningclothestobed.(如果你真的想一睁眼就开始跑步，找到动力，那就穿上跑步服上床睡觉吧。)”可知，此处指出的是穿着跑步服上床睡觉可以让你有跑步的动力。A选项“Sleepinyourrunningclothes(穿着跑步服睡觉)”指出“穿着跑步服睡觉”引起下文。故选A。【39题详解】根据前文“Ifyou’restrugglingtogetup,placethealarmclockacrosstheroomsothatyouhavetogetoutofbedtoturnitoff.(如果你挣扎着起床，把闹钟放在房间的另一边，这样你就必须起床才能关掉它。)”可知，此处指出挣扎着起床，把闹钟放在房间的另一边，这样你就必须起床才能关掉它，后文应该承接的是由此带来的后果。B选项“Thenyouarelesslikelytofallbackasleep(这样你就不太可能再睡着了。)”承接前文，指出闹钟放在房间的另一边，这样你就必须起床才能关掉它，由此就不太可能再睡着了。故选B。【40题详解】根据本段