病原生物学（微生物部分）题库：01

1.G+菌的细胞壁的特点是____________。a.较疏松b.无磷壁酸c.有脂多糖d.有脂蛋白e.肽聚糖含量多2.溶菌酶溶菌作用的机制是____________。a.切断肽聚糖的聚糖支架b.抑制四肽侧连与五肽交联桥的联结c.干扰细菌DNA的复制d.干扰细菌蛋白质的合成e.损害细胞膜3.青霉素的抗菌机制是____________。a.切断肽聚糖的聚糖支架b.抑制四肽侧连与五肽交联桥的联结c.干扰细菌DNA的复制d.干扰细菌蛋白质的合成e.损害细胞膜4.普通菌毛是细菌的一种____________。a.细长波状的丝状物b.运动器官c.多糖质d.可传递遗传物质的器官e.粘附结构5.抵抗力最强的细菌结构是____________。a.芽胞b.外膜c.鞭毛d.核糖体e.细胞壁6.革兰染色所用染液的顺序是____________。a.稀释复红，碘液，乙醇，结晶紫b.结晶紫，乙醇，碘液，稀释复红c.结晶紫，碘液，乙醇，稀释复红d.稀释复红，乙醇，结晶紫，碘液e.稀释复红，结晶紫，碘液，乙醇7.革兰阴性菌无____________。a.核糖体b.菌毛c.质粒d.荚膜e.芽胞8.关于细胞壁的功能，下列哪项是错误的____________。a.维持菌体固有的形态b.保护细菌抵抗低渗环境c.有助于维持菌体内离子的平衡d.是细菌的运动器官e.决定细菌菌体的抗原性9.关于细菌L型的特性，下列错误的是____________。a.高度多形性b.革兰染色阴性c.去除抑制物后，可回复原有形态d.仍有一定致病力e.在低渗高琼脂培养基上生长10.关于荚膜的功能，下列各项错误的是____________。a.抗吞噬作用b.抗补体作用c.抗抗体作用d.抗干燥作用e.抗黏附作用11.下列不属于细菌特殊结构的是____________。a.荚膜b.质粒c.鞭毛d.菌毛e.芽胞12.下列不属于细菌基本形态的是____________。a.球菌b.杆菌c.螺形菌d.梨形菌e.弧菌13.细菌的大小的测量单位是____________。a.毫米b.微米c.纳米d.微微米e.以上都不是14.质粒是细菌的____________。a.核质DNAb.胞质中核蛋白体c.异染颗粒d.中介体e.核质外DNA15.关于细菌细胞壁的功能，叙述错误的是____________。a.保持一定的形状b.控制渗透压c.抵抗青霉素d.参与物质交换e.有噬菌体受体16.细菌性菌毛的主要功能是____________。a.运动b.致病力c.接合d.粘附e.抵抗力17.细菌细胞膜与真核细胞膜不同之处在于____________。a.磷脂b.甘油c.糖脂d.固醇类物质e.脂肪酸18.与细菌致病力有关的结构是____________。a.芽胞b.异染颗粒c.中介体d.核蛋白体e.菌毛19.Eachoftehfollowingstatementsconcerningbacterialsporesiscorrectexcept____________。a.Theirsurvivalabilityisbasedontheirenhancednetabolicactivityb.Theyareformedbygram-positiverodsc.Theycanbekilledbybeingheatedto121for15miniutesd.Theycontainmuchlesswaterthanbacterialcells20.Eachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningendotoxinsiscorrectexcept____________。a.Theyarelesspotent(ie,lessactiveonaweightbasis)thanexotoxinsb.Theyaremorestableonheatingthanexotoxinc.Theybindtospecificcellreceptors,whereasexotoxinsdonotd.Theyarepartofthebacterialcellwall,whereasexotoxinsarenot21.Whichoneofthestatementsisthenostaccuratecomparisonofhuman,bacterial,andfungalcell?____________。a.Humancellundergomitosis,whereasneitherbacterianorfungidob.Humanandfungalcellshaveasimilarcellwall,incontrasttobacteria,whosecellwallcontainspeptidoglycanc.Humananbacterialcellshaveplasmids,whereasfungalcellsdonotd.Humanandfungalcellshavesimilarribosomes,whereasbacterialribosomesaredifferent22.Eachofthefollowingisatypicalpropertyofobligateanaerobesexpect____________。a.Theygenerateenergybyusingthecytochromesystemeb.Theygrowbestintheabsenceofairc.Theylacksuperoxidedismutased.Theylackcatalase23.Themainhostdefenseagainstbacterialexotoxinsis____________。a.activatedmacrophagessecretingproteasesb.IgGandIgMantibodiesc.helperTcellsd.modulationofhostcellreceptorsinresponsetotoxin24.EachofthefollowingeventsinvolvesrecombinationofDNAexcept:____________。a.transductionofachromosomalgeneb.transpositionofamobilegeneticelementegrationgofatemperatebacteriophaged.conjugation,eg,transgerofaR(resistance)factor25.Eachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthenormalfloraiscorrectexcept:____________。a.ThemostcommonorganismfoundontheskinisStaphylococcusepidermidisb.Escherichiacoliisaprominentmemberofthenormalfloraofthethroatc.ThemajorsitewhereBacteroidesfragilisisfoundisthecolond.Oneofthemostcommonsitewherestaphylococcusaureusisfoundisthenose26.ofthefollowingchoices,themostimportantfunctionofantibodyinhostdefensesagainstbacteriais____________。a.activationoflysozymethatdegradesthecellwallb.accelerationofproteolysisofexotoxinsc.facilitationofphagocytosisd.inhibitionofbacterialproteinsynthesis27.SITEOFACTIVITYforPenicillin____________。a.Integrityofthecellwallb.Synthesisofthecellwallc.Synthesisofproteinsd.Noneoftheabove28.MOSTIMPORTANTVIRULENCEFACTORforStreptococcuspneumoniae____________。a.Anti-phagocyticcapsuleb.Productionoftoxinsc.Invasionoftissuesd.Intracellulargrowth29.MOSTIMPORTANTVIRULENCEFACTORforBacterialpharyngitis____________。a.Cell-mediatedresponseb.Anti-toxinantibodiesc.Opsonizingantibodiesd.Normalflora30.MOSTIMPORTANTVIRULENCEFACTORforPseudomembranouscolitis____________。a.Cell-mediatedresponseb.Anti-toxinantibodiesc.Opsonizingantibodiesd.Normalflora31.MOSTIMPORTANTHOSTDEFENSEMECHANISMforMaltafever____________。a.Cell-mediatedresponseb.Anti-toxinantibodiesc.Opsonizingantibodiesd.Normalflora32.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningtheGramstainiscorrectexcept____________。a.Escherichiacolistainspinkbecauseithasathinpeptidoglycanlayerb.streptococcuspyogenesstainbluebecauseithasathickpeptidoglycanlayerc.Mycobacteriumtuberculosisstainsbluebecauseithasathicklipidlayerd.Mycoplasmapneumoniaeisn'tvisibleintheGramstainbecauseitdoesn'thaveacellwall.33.Eachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthekillingofbacteriaiscorrectexcept____________。a.Lysozymeintearscanhydrolyzebacterialcellwallsb.Silvernitratecaninactivatebacterialenzymesc.Detergentscandisruptbacterialcellmembranesd.Ultravioletlightcandegradebacterialcapsules34.IntheGramstain,thedecolorizationofgramnegativebacteriabyalcoholismostcolselyrelatedto____________。teinsencodedbyFplamidsb.lipidsinthecellwallc.70Sribosomesd.branchedpolysaccharidesinthecapsule35."菌落"是指____________。a.不同种细菌在培养基上生长繁殖而形成肉眼可见的细胞集团b.细菌在培养基上生长繁殖而形成肉眼可见的细胞集团c.．一个细菌在培养基上生长繁殖而形成肉眼可见的细胞集团d.一个细菌细胞e.从培养基上脱落的细胞36.Bacterialsporeisbacterial____________。a.vegetativestrctureb.structure