2023-2024学年山西省朔州市怀仁一中、大地学校高二（上）开学英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023-2024学年山西省朔州市怀仁一中、大地学校高二（上）开学英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）A

FourTrulyUniqueCanadian

CampingExperiences

MountRobsonProvincialPark,BritishColumbia

NamedafterthehighestmountainintheCanadianRockies,thisparkgivesyoubreathtakingviewsofmountainlandscapesalongwithlakes,waterfalls,canyons,andcaves.TheBergLakecampgroundislocatedrightatthenorthernbaseofthe3,954-meterpeak（山巅）,whichisaboutaday'shikein.

FundyNationalPark,NewBrunswick

Ifyou'vegrowntiredofthetentorRV,thisparkisoneofthefewnationalparksofferingyurt（蒙古包）rentals.MakesureyouvisittheBayofFundywheretheworld'shighesttidesmakeforsomegreatsurfing.Youalsocan'tmisstheamazingAcadianforestwaterfalls.Ifyou'relookingforevenmoreentertainment,theparkalsohostsmusicandculturalfestivalseachsummerandhasitsowngolfcourse.

KluaneNationalParkandReserve,Yukon

FromMaytoSeptember,theKathleenLakecampgroundseesvisitorscomefromfarandwidetocamp,hikeandfish.MountaineeringisespeciallypopularasKluaneishometo17ofCanada's20highestpeaks.Flightseeingoverthepark'sglaciersandrafting（漂流）thewindingAlsekRiverwillalsokeepyououtenjoyingthewilderness.

PrinceEdwardIslandNationalPark,PrinceEdwardIsland

Ifyou'relookingforafamily-friendlypark,thisoneiswonderful.Betweenthesevenbeachesandmorethan50kilometersofhikingandcyclingtrails,you'llcertainlybekeptbusy.Literaturelovers,youcanseewhatinspiredL.M.Montgomery'sAnneofGreenGablesatthenearbyGreenGablesHeritagePlaceandevenexploretheoriginalhouse.1.Whereistheparkofferingyurtrentalslocated?A.InBritishColumbia. B.InNewBrunswick.

C.InYukon. D.InPrinceEdwardIsland.2.WhatcanyoudoinKluaneNationalParkandReserve?A.ClimbthehighestmountaininCanada.

B.Experiencethehighesttides.

C.RaftthewindingAlsekRiver.

D.Attendmusicandculturalfestivals.3.WhichwillyouchooseifyouareafanofAnneofGreenGables?A.MountRobsonProvincialPark.

B.FundyNationalPark.

C.KluaneNationalParkandReserve.

D.PrinceEdwardIslandNationalPark.BPhotosofagentlemanreadingcalmlyinbedinthenewly-builtmakeshifthospitalinWuhan，epicenterofthecoronavirusoutbreak，wentviralonChina'ssocialmediaplatforms，withmanycallinghimthe"InvincibleWuhanMan".

Theman，dubbed"TheReaderinFangCang"（mobilecabinhospital）hasevengarneredattentionfromtheauthorofthebookfeaturedinthephoto，TheOriginsofPoliticalOrderbyFrancisFukuyama，onTwitter.SurnamedFu，the39-yearold"invincible"readeriscurrentlyateachingpostdocatFloridaStateUniversityafterobtaininghisdoctoratedegreeinWuhanUniversity.HishometownisinXiaogan，acityneighboringWuhan，buthisparentscurrentlyliveinWuhan.Fuwasinfectedwithnovelcoronaviruswhenhevisitedhisparents，andhewasamongthefirstgroupofpatientstransferredtothecabinhospitalatWuhanInternationalConferenceandExhibitionCenteronFeb5，accordingtoHubeiDaily.HeboughtthebookinWuhan，andhelikesreading，FutoldHubeiDaily.Hewasjustreadingthebookoutofinterestandneveranticipatedthatthephotowouldgoviral.

AsFugainsmorepopularity，Fukuyama'sbookhasalsobecomeahit.TheOriginsofPoliticalOrderquicklytoppedtherecommendedbooklistonChina'sreviewsiteDoubanonFeb7.NetizenswerecharmedbyFu'spositiveandcalmattitude."Thispictureofhimreadinginbedgivesmestrengthandhope.Iwonderifheisstillavailable，"saidoneWeibouser.

"Whenyoufeeldepressed，readingisoneofthesolutionstohealyourinnerpains.Sometimesdoingexerciseshelpstoo，"saidanothernetizen.

AuthoritiesinHubeiprovince，especiallyitscapitalWuhan，areresoluteinthemeasurestakentomakesureallpeopleneedingmedicalassistanceareadmittedtomedicalfacilitiesforthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia.4.WhatmadeFugoviral？______A.Livinginthenewly-builtmakeshifthospitalinWuhan.

B.PostingapictureonChina'ssocialmediaplatforms.

C.PublishingabookcalledTheOriginsofPoliticalOrder.

D.Readingcalmlyinthehospitalduringanoutbreak.5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheman，dubbed"TheReaderinFangCang"？______A.Humorous. B.Ambitious.

C.Caring. D.Positiveandcalm.6.WhydidFuwenttoWuhan？______A.Toreturntohishometown. B.Tovisithisparents.

C.Tobuythebook. D.TohelppeopleinWuhan.7.Wecaninferthatthemainpurposeofpassageisto______.A.introducethebookTheOriginsofPoliticalOrder

B.encouragereaderstokeeppositiveandcalmduringthecoronavirusoutbreak

C.tellreadershowtobean"InvincibleWuhanMan"

D.analysewhythecoronavirusbrokeoutinWuhanCTheraceskywardsbeganinAmerica.Inthelate1800s,industrializationhaddrivenurbanpopulationsandlandpricesup,makingtallbuildingsincreasinglycost-effective,accordingtoCarolWillis,directoroftheSkyscraperMuseuminNewYork."Theveryfirsttallbuildingswereofficebuildingsthatconcentratedaworkforce,piledoneontopoftheotherinordertomakebusinessveryefficient,"shesays.

Likeallmajorchangesinarchitecture,thetrendwasunderpinnedbyengineering.Thedevelopmentofsteelframes,whichcouldbeusedinsteadofload-bearingstones,madeiteasierandcheapertobuildtall.Thecomingoftheelevator,meanwhile,madelivingonhigherfloorsfarmoreconvenient.

Thoughsimilarinshape,today'sskyscrapers（摩天大楼）looklittlelikethosebuiltinthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury.Thisismostlythankstoarchitecture'snextmajortechnologicalshift：thecurtainwall.

Postwardevelopmentsinmanufacturingmeantthathugepanesofglasscouldbeproducedquicklyanduniformly,andglasswindowssoonbecamethefrontofchoiceforhigh-rises.Aswellasallowingforgreaterfloorspaceandmorenaturallight,glassexteriors（外部）helpbuildingsresistgreaterwindloads.

Therearenow191completedskyscrapersthatareatleast300meterstall.Butthatdoesn'tmeanourcitieswillgrowtallerindefinitely.Whileeachadditionalstoryaddssellablefloorspace,constructioncostsalsorise.Allbuildingsreachapointwhereaddinganextrafloorwillcostmoremoneythanitbrings.

"Everycitywantstohavethislandmarkthatgivesthatsenseofdistinctculture,"butitalsoneedsplacesforpeopletoliveandworkinurbansettings"withoutthecitysprawling（无序扩张），"explainsHongKongarchitectSimonChan.

Thenextbigchallengefacingarchitectsgoesbeyondheight：Atatimewhenbuildingsandtheirconstructionaccountformorethanathirdoftheworld'senergyconsumptionandcontributetoabout40%ofgreenhousegasemissions（排放），therearenewcoststoconsider.

Whetherit'semployingmoreenergy-efficientmaterials,encouragingnaturalairorusingbuildingsthemselvestogeneratesolarorwindenergy,reducingcarbonemissionsisthenewfrontierformanyskyscraperarchitects.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"underpinned"inparagraph2probablymean？______A.Created. B.Prepared C.Suggested. D.Supported.9.Whatmadelivingonhigherfloorsmuchmoreconvenient？______A.Thedevelopmentofsteelframes. B.Load-bearingstones.

C.Theuseoftheelevator. D.Thecurtainwall.10.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph5？______A.Ourcitieswillgrowtallerdefinitely.

B.Allskyscrapersareatleast300meterstall.

C.Constructioncostrisesasthestoriesincrease.

D.Theprofitforbuilderswillbegreaterasthebuildingbecomeshigher.11.What'sthenextbigchallengefacingarchitects？______A.Howtobuildthegreenestbuilding.

B.Howtobuildthestrongestbuilding.

C.Howtobuildthetallestbuildingintheworld.

D.Howtobuildthemostcomfortablebuilding.DDuringahurricane，strongwindshittheland.Windsreachspeedsof250kilometersperhourormore.Someanimalsincludinglizards（蜥蜴），maygetblownaway.Butwithagoodgrip（紧抓），otherscanlivethroughthestorm.Anewstudysuggeststhatsuchhurricanescanactuallyhelplizardstosomedegree.

ColinDonihue，ascientistexaminedlizardspeciesonseveralCaribbeanislands.Theprocessbeganin2017，asDonihuewasstudyinglizardpopulationsinTurksandCaicos.Acoupleofweeksafterheandotherresearchersleftthere，thoseislandswerehitbyhurricanes，firstHurricaneIrmaandthenHurricaneMaria.Returningtotheislandayearlater，henoticedthatthepopulationslookeddifferent.Thelizardshesawafterthehurricaneshadlargertoepadsthanthosehe'dexaminedthepreviousyearbeforethehurricanes.Hehaslookedat12islandpopulationsofthelizardspeciesAnolissagrei，andseparatelyanalyzed188AnolisspecieswithpopulationsthatrangefromFloridatoBrazil.Heandhisteamcross-examinedthesizeoftheirtoepadswiththefrequencyandseverity（强度）ofCaribbeanhurricanes.Overthepast70yearsofhurricanedata，theresultstoodout：largertoepadshadacloseconnectionwithmoreserioushurricanes.

Thestudybetterexplainedhowevolutionary（进化的）processesarehelpingspeciesbecomestronger，evenasglobalclimatechangethreatenstheirlong-termsurvival.Inthepasthurricanessimplyhaven'tbeencommonenoughtomatterinanevolutionarytimeline.Butduetoclimatechange，therewillbemorehurricanes.Somepopulationscanbecompletelydestroyedbyhurricanes.ButinthecaseofthelizardsDonihuestudied，theonesthatsurvivedtheseviolentstormsweretheoneswithlargertoepads.Andtheirbabiesalsohadsimilarlylargetoepads.Thatsmallchangeintheirbodytellsushowspecieschangeastheenvironmentaroundthemchangesaswell.12.WhatdidColinDonihue'sstudyfind？______A.Hurricaneshadaninfluenceonlizards'evolution.

B.ManykindsoflizardsexistedontheCaribbeanislands.

C.HurricanesIrmaandMariacausedlizards5extinction.

D.Thelizardsontheislandswerestrongerthanothers.13.AccordingtoParagraph3lizardswithlargertoepadsmay______.A.haveasmallpopulation.

B.dowellinfindingfood.

C.tendtofightintenselywitheachother.

D.bespottedwherehurricaneshithard.14.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph？______A.Humansmustcontributetolizards9development.

B.Somespeciesbecomestrongerduetoclimatechange.

C.Lizardswillberemovedfromtheearthsoonerorlater.

D.Climatechangeoftenbringsdisadvantagestolizards.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.ThePerfectPlaceforLizardstoLive.

B.MoreHurricanesHittheCaribbeanIslands.

C.HurricanesHelpLizardsGrowStronger.

D.ToughLifeforLizardsontheCaribbeanIslands.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Peoplewhoareconfidentreallyseemtobenaturallyoutstandingandjustseemtodoeverythingwithmoregrace（优雅）thanothers.（1）______Itisahabitthateveryonecandevelopinlife.Trythesesimpletipstobuildupyourconfidence.

Admityourshortcomingscalmly.

Donottrytoescapefromthemorcoverthem.Facethembravely.（2）______Fightagainstthemeverydayuntilthedaywhenyoucouldconquerthem.

Dressforself-confidence.

（3）______Andthereforepayattentiontoyourdress，displayyouruniquephysicaladvantagesandexhibityourbestimage.Inaddition，onformaloccasionssuchasabusinessmeetingoraweddingceremony，elegantdressingcontributestobuildingyourconfidence.

（4）______

Youshouldbreakyourroutinethatdealswiththeworkpassively.Focusyoureffortsimmediatelyonovercomingit，becauseitwillmakeyourrestlessmindateaseandbuildyourself-confidence.

Bepositive.

Feelingregretfulneithertoyourselfnortoothers.Ifyouareusedtohatingandaccusing（指责）yourself，otherswouldtendtodothatandbelieveit.Instead，youshouldspeakpositivelyaboutyourself，yourprogress，andyourbrightfuture.（5）______

A.Buildyourconfidentvocabulary.

B.Don'tjudgeapersonbyappearance.

C.Don'tputoffwhatyoueventuallyhavetodo.

D.Thentalkaboutthemtoareliablemate，afriendorafamilymember.

E.Bydoingso，youwouldencourageyourgrowthinapositivedirection.

F.Yourappearancecouldputyouinshynessorgainyourconfidence.

G.Asamatteroffact，trueself-confidenceisneitherbornnorgotovernight.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Mackwaswatchinganinterestingsoccermatchontelevision.Hewasthirstyfor（1）______suchasocceruniformandtoldhismotheraboutit.Thedayswerepassingbywithoutresponsefromparents.Disappointed，henever（2）______hisidea.

Mackkeptconsideringhowtoachieveitsoon.Hefoundhismother（3）______withherwork.Asparklingideastruckhismind.Hecouldpaintoneofhisuniformswhilehismotherwasbusy.Hewas（4）______.Whatifhismothersawandscolded.Finally，hemadeuphismindtopaint.

Onedayhismotherwasbusyasusual.After（5）______shewenthomeandstaredingreat（6）______whenshediscoveredapaintingonapairoftrousers.Mackfeltnervousforhismother'ssuddenarrival.

"Ican't（7）______theuniform，butIcanpaintitonmytrousers，"hesaidtohismother."thenIwillhavemysocceruniformto（8）______mydream."

Hewasafraidtofacehismother.Butthisnaughtyboyhasworkedouthisidea.Hisselectionwaspraiseworthy.Nowthesocceruniformisall（9）______.

"Mom，Ihopeyouwill（10）______meforthework."Pleasedtoheardthepleasantwords，sheappreciatedhimforhiswork，ignoringthemistake.Shedidn't（11）______theuniformintheformofpainting.

Itishis（12）______socceruniform.Hescreamedoutofjoyandliveliness.Theschooluniformhasbeenspoiledbutperhapshewillbemoresensibleanothertime.

"Now，itwillremainasyourmemorableworkoutofyourthirstforfootball.（13）______youhaveinputyourefforts.These（14）______addtoyourwillpowertoachieveyourgoal."sheconveys.

"ThankyouMom，fortheuniformandsorryfor（15）______theschooluniform."Heranplayfully.21.

A.making B.exchange C.donating D.acquiring22.

A.gaveup B.agreedto C.thoughtof D.putforward23.

A.bored B.content C.careful D.occupied24.

A.familiar B.ambitious C.anxious D.pleased25.

A.work B.school C.meeting D.discussion26.

A.regret B.surprise C.relief D.comfort27.

A.wear B.get C.require D.design28.

A.find B.show C.realize D.design29.

A.set B.sold C.chosen D.exhibited30.

A.thank B.admire C.prepare D.remember31.

A.mind B.like C.accept D.value32.

A.lost B.reserved C.preserved D.preferred33.

A.Thus B.However C.Instead D.Anyway34.

A.qualities B.methods C.reliances D.differences35.

A.cutting B.spoiling C.sharing D.wearing四、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.Humourhasbeenanessentialpartofhumanbehaviourandcannotonlyentertainbut（1）______thrownewlightonsensitiveoremotiveissues.MarkTwainisrememberedforhisability（2）______（combine）humourwithmoreseriousmessages.Twain'sparticularstyleofwritingis（3）______（fun）andoftenmischievous.Forexample，inhisclassicnovelTheAdventuresofTomSawyer，hefamouslysays，"Writingiseasy.Allyouhavetodois（4）______（cross）outthewrongwords."

Lin，（5）______becamefamousforhisuniquebrandofhumour，broughttheconceptofhumourtomodernChineseliterature.In1924，he（6）______（creative）borrowed"youmo"fromAncientChineseasthetranslationfortheEnglishword"humour"."Youmo"（7）______（use）stillinthiswaytoday.

Humourisn'tjustaboutlaughter，（8）______isawayoflifeandatoolthatcanbeusedtoilluminatetheworld.Linevencreatedanequation（9）______（explain）thisconcept：Reality+Dreams+Humour=Wisdom.Livingandworkingwithotherscansometimesbecomplicated，andhumourmakesthiseasier.（10）______（share）jokesandlaughingtogethercanbringindividualsandevencommunitiestogether.MarkTwainsays，"Humorismankind'sgreatestblessing".(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）37.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

AfterretiringfromalongcareerteachingEnglishatHuntingtonEastHighSchool,mybrother,Bob,plannedtotravelaroundtheworld.However,Iwasvisitinghiminthehospitalwherehehadundergoneaheartoperation.Hehadalongwaytorecoveryahead.

Bobdidn'thavemuchexperiencewithbeingapatient.CertainlynotasmuchasIdid.Hehadalwaysbeenhealthyandkeptingoodshape,workingpart-timeasavolunteersinceretirement.Ihadgrownupwithchronic(慢性的)illness,haddozensofsurgeries.Evennow

Iwasfacingapuzzlingconditionmydoctorshadn'tyetidentified.AconditionthatgavemesymptomssimilartotheonesBob'sheartillnessgavehim.Ididn'twanttoburdenhimwithmyownfearsrightnow.Itouchedhisarm,wonderingifIwouldsoonfacethesamequestions."Isurewasn'texpectinganythinglikethis,"Bobsaid."Afailingheart.Ican'tbelieveit."

"Iknowit'sashock.Butwe'reallhereforyou.You'resoblessedandloved.Yourwonderfulwife,kids,grandkids.Morefriendsthanyoucancount.Inevergoanywherethatsomeoneisn'tsayingsomethingwonderfulaboutyourteachingdays."

"Thanks.Youalwayssaythesweetestthings."ButIheardan"Ifyousayso"inhisvoice.ItriedtoreassureBobabouthowvaluablehislifewas,butIwastryingtoconvincemyselfaboutmyownlifeaswell.I'dspentsomuchofmytimetryingtohelpothers,bothbeforemyretirementasanurseandnowasastoryteller.Buttheworldwasfullofthose.WouldanythingI'ddonereallylastafterIwasgone?

Oneday,ahousekeeperenteredtheroomwithhermopandnoddedtoBobinhisbed."HeyCoach!"Shesaid."Huh?"Bobsaid.Icouldtellhedidn'tknowwhoshewas.Thehousekeepersmiled."Iknewitwasyou.Mydaughterplayedonyoursoccerteam.Istillrememberherrecitingallthoselinesofpoetry.Shelovespoemstothisday.Whatagreateffectyouhavehadonher!Ishouldthankyouverymuch."Iwasverysurprisedwhenhearingthese.

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph1:

Ishoutedexcitedly,"Youoncecoachedsoccer?Howgreatyouare!"

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Paragraph2:

BothBobandIgotgoodnewsfromdoctors.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）38.假设你是李华，你校将举办中国传统文化展，请写封信邀请你的外教Kevin参加，内容包括：

（1）表达邀请并说明理由；

（2）活动介绍（目的、时间、地点、内容等）

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、D【解析】【文章大意】本文向我们介绍了几个加拿大比较独特的宿营地。

1.

根据FundyNationalPark,NewBrunswick部分中thisparkisoneofthefewnationalparksofferingyurt（蒙古包）rentals可知，在NewBrunswick的芬迪国家公园提供蒙古包租赁。故选B。

2.

根据KluaneNationalParkandReserve,Yukon部分中rafting（漂流）thewindingAlsekRiverwillalsokeepyououtenjoyingthewilderness可知，在克卢恩国家公园和保护区，游客可以在蜿蜒的阿萨克河上漂流。故选C。

3.

根据PrinceEdwardIslandNationalPark,PrinceEdwardIsland部分中Literaturelovers,youcanseewhatinspiredL.M.Montgomery'sAnneofGreenGablesatthenearbyGreenGablesHeritagePlace可知，《绿山墙的安妮》的书迷会选择去爱德华王子岛省国家公园。故选D。4~7.【答案】D、D、B、B【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Photos

of

a

gentleman

reading

calmly

in

bed

in

the

newly-built

makeshift

hospital

in

Wuhan.（在武汉新建的临时医院里，一位绅士躺在床上平静地读书）。可知，走红的原因是这名小哥在疫情期间很冷静地读书，故选D。

（2）D.推理判断题。根据第三段的Netizens

were

charmed

by

Fu's

positive

and

calm

attitude（网友们被傅积极冷静的态度所吸引）。可知，乐观和冷静这两个词可以用来描述他。A．Humorous幽默的；B．Ambitious有野心的；C．Caring关心的；D．Positive

and

calm积极冷静的。故选D。

（3）B.细节理解题。根据第二段的His

hometown

is

in

Xiaogan，a

city

neighboring

Wuhan，but

his

parents

currently

live

in

Wuhan.Fu

was

infected

with

novel

coronavirus

when

he

visited

his

parents.（他的家乡在孝感市，一个毗邻武汉的城市，但他的父母目前住在武汉。傅在看望父母时感染了新型冠状病毒）。可知，他去武汉是为探望父母，故选B。

（4）B.推理判断题。根据第三段中Netizens

were

charmed

by

Fu's

positive

and

calm

attitude.

"This

picture

of

him

reading

in

bed

gives

me

strength

and

hope.I

wonder

if

he

is

still

available，"

said

one

Weibo

user.（

网友们被傅积极冷静的态度所吸引。"他躺在床上看书的照片给了我力量和希望。我不知道他是否还在，"一位微博用户说）。以及第四段"When

you

feel

depressed，reading

is

one

of

the

solutions

to

heal

your

inner

pains.Sometimes

doing

exercises

helps

too，"

said

another

netizen.（"当你感到沮丧时，阅读是治愈内心痛苦的方法之一。有时做运动也有帮助。"）可知本文的主要目的是通过方舱读书哥的故事，鼓励读者在疫情期间保持乐观积极和冷静的心态。故选B。

本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了新冠疫情期间，武汉方舱医院里的一名新冠肺炎患者以"方舱读书哥"的称号走红网络的故事。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局做出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。8~11.【答案】D、C、C、A【解析】（1）D.词义猜测题。根据后文"Thedevelopmentofsteelframework,whichcouldbeusedinsteadofload-bearingstones,madeiteasierandcheapertobuildtall （钢结构的发展，可以用来代替承重的石头，使建造高楼更容易和更便宜。）"可知，就像建筑的所有主要变化一样，这一趋势是由工程支撑的。所以underpins为"支持、支撑"之意。A.Created.创建；B.Prepared.准备好；C.Suggested.建议；D.Supported.支持。故选D。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据第二段"Thecomingoftheelevator,meanwhile,madelivingonhigherfloorsfarmoreconvenient.（与此同时，电梯的出现让住在更高楼层的人更加方便。）"可知，是电梯的使用让住在更高的楼层更方便。故选C。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据第五段"Whileeachaditionalstoryaddssllablefloorspace,constructioncostsalsorise.（虽然每增加一层楼就会增加可销售的楼面面积，但建筑成本也会上升。）"可知，建筑成本随着楼层的增加而增加。故选C。

（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段"reducingcarbonemissionsisthenewfrontierformanyskyscraperarchitects.（减少碳排放是许多摩天大楼建筑师的新前沿。）"可推断，如何建造最舒适的建筑是建筑师面临的下一个大挑战。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。摩天大楼是工业化和城市化发展到一定阶段的产物，常常被视为某个地区经济实力的象征。在摩天大楼一百多年的历史中，科技进步对其发展起了很大作用。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。12~15.【答案】A、D、B、C【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第三段的The

study

better

explained

how

evolutionary

（进化的）processes

are

helping

species

become

stronger，even

as

global

climate

change

threatens

their

long-term

survival.（这项研究更好地解释了进化过程如何帮助物种变得更强大，即使全球气候变化威胁到它们的长期生存。）可知，科林•多尼霍的研究发现飓风对蜥蜴的进化有影响。故选A。

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段Over

the

past

70

years

of

hurricane

data，the

result

stood

out：larger

toe

pads

had

a

close

connection

with

more

serious

hurricanes.（在过去70年的飓风数据中，结果很突出：较大的脚趾垫与更严重的飓风有着密切的联系。）可知，在飓风肆虐的地方可能会发现脚趾垫较大的蜥蜴。故选D。

（3）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段The

study

better

explained

how

evolutionary

（进化的）processes

are

helping

species

become

stronger，even

as

global

climate

change

threatens

their

long-term

survival.（这项研究更好地解释了进化过程如何帮助物种变得更强大，即使全球气候变化威胁到它们的长期生存。）可知，由于气候变化，一些物种变得更强。故选B。

（4）C.标题判断题。根据全文和最后一段的The

study

better

explained

how

evolutionary

（进化的）processes

are

helping

species

become

stronger，even

as

global

climate

change

threatens

their

long-term

survival.（这项研究更好地解释了进化过程如何帮助物种变得更强大，即使全球气候变化威胁到它们的长期生存。）可知，文章主要介绍飓风可以使蜥蜴变得更强壮。因此Hurricanes

Help

Lizards

Grow

Stronger."飓风帮助蜥蜴变得更强壮。"是最好的标题。故选C。

本文为说明文。文章主要介绍飓风对蜥蜴的进化有影响，可以使蜥蜴变得更强壮。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。16~20.【答案】G、D、F、C、E【解析】（1）G.推理判断题。根据后文It

is

a

habit

that

everyone

can

develop

in

life.（自信是每个人都能在生活中养成的习惯。）可知，自信是可以通过后天培养起来的，选项G"As

a

matter

of

fact，true

self-confidence

is

neither

born

nor

got

overnight.（事实上，真正的自信不是天生的，也不是一夜之间就能获得的。）"符合语境。故选G项。

（2）D.推理判断题。根据小标题Admit

your

shortcomings

calmly.（冷静地承认你的缺点。）以及前文Do

not

try

to

escape

from

them

or

cover

them.Face

them

bravely.（不要试图逃避或掩盖它们。勇敢面对他们。）可知，要冷静地承认自己的缺点，勇敢面对它们。D选项"Then

talk

about

them

to

a

reliable

mate，a

friend

or

a

family

member.（然后和一个可靠的伴侣、朋友或家人谈论它们。）"符合语境。故选D项。

（3）F.主旨大意题。根据后文And

therefore

pay

attention

to

your

dress，display

your

unique

physical

advantages

and

exhibit

your

best

image.In

addition，on

formal

occasions

such

as

a

business

meeting

or

a

wedding

ceremony，elegant

dressing

contributes

to

building

your

confidence.（因此，注意你的着装，展示你独特的身体优势，展示你的最佳形象。此外，在商务会议或婚礼等正式场合，优雅的着装有助于建立你的自信。）可知，穿戴会影响人的自信心，我们的外貌会增加也会减弱人的自信心，因此要注重我们的穿着，F项"Your

appearance

could

put

you

in

shyness

or

gain

your

confidence.（你的外表可能会让你变得害羞或获得自信。）"符合语境。故选F项。

（4）C.标题归纳题。根据后文Focus

your

efforts

immediately

on

overcoming

it，because

it

will

make

your

restless

mind

at

ease

and

build

your

self-confidence.（立即集中你的努力去克服它，因为它会让你不安的心灵放松下来，建立你的自信。）可知，本段主要介绍要立即集中精力克服难题会让你不安的大脑放松，建立你的自信。所以做事情不能拖拉，要马上集中精力去处理不愿意做但不得不做的事情。C项"Don't

put

off

what

you

eventually

have

to

do.（不要推迟你最终不得不做的事情）"可以作为本段小标题。故选C项。

（5）E.推理判断题。根据小标题Be

positive.（要积极乐观。）以及前文的Instead，you

should

speak

positively

about

yourself，your

progress，and

your

bright

future.（相反，你应该积极地谈论你自己、你的进步和你光明的未来。）可知，本段告诉我们做事情要乐观，要积极地去讨论关于自己的一些事。E选项"By

doing

so，you

would

encourage

your

growth

in

a

positive

direction.（这样做，你会鼓励你朝着积极的方向成长。）"是对前文内容的延伸，是积极地讨论自己之后的结果，符合语境。故选E项。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自信的人往往是成功的人，那么如何来培养自信呢？作者认为自信是可以后天培养起来的。作者在文中给出了四点建议。

"七选五"选择题，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。21~35.【答案】D、A、D、C、A、B、B、C、A、B、A、D、D、A、B【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.making制作；B.exchange交换；C.donating捐赠；D.acquiring获得。句意：他渴望得到一件这样的球服，并告诉了他的母亲。根据句意和句中"...wasthirstyfor..."可推知，Mack想要得到（acquire）一件那样的足球服。故选D项。

（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.gaveup放弃；B.agreedto同意；C.thoughtof想出；D.putforward提出。句意：虽然感到失望，他没有放弃他的想法。根据下文"Mackkeptconsideringhowtoachieveitsoon."可知，Mack并没有放弃得到足球服的想法。故选A项。

（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.bored无聊的；B.content满足的；C.careful小心的；D.occupied无空闲的。句意：他发现母亲忙于工作。根据下文"Hecouldpaintoneofhisuniformswhilehismotherwasbusy."和第三段"Onedayhismotherwasbusyasusual."可知，他的妈妈很忙，beoccupiedwith...为固定短语，表示"忙于……"。故选D项。

（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.familiar熟悉的；B.ambitious有雄心的；C.anxious担忧的；D.pleased高兴的。句意：他很担心。根据下文"Whatifhismothersawandscolded."可知，Mack考虑到这样做可能带来的后果，所以他感到担忧。故选C项。

（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.work工作；B.school学校；C.meeting会议；D.discussion讨论。句意：下班回家后，当她在一条裤子上发现画时，她大吃一惊。根据上文"Onedayhismotherwasbusyasusual."和句中"shewenthome"可知，妈妈是完成工作后回家。故选A项。

（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.regret后悔；B.surprise吃惊；C.relief缓解；D.comfort安慰。句意：下班回家后，当她在一条裤子上发现画时，她大吃一惊。根据下句

she

discovered

a

painting

on

a

pair

of

trousers可知，妈妈不知道Mack自己画足球服这件事情，所以她发现后感到吃惊（insurprise）。故选B项。

（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.wear穿；B.get得到；C.require要求；D.design设计。句意：我得不到足球服，但我可以在自己的裤子上画。根据第一段"Thedayswerepassingbywithoutresponsefromparents."可知，Mack的要求没有得到回应，所以他觉得自己无法获得（get）球服。故选B项。

（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.find发现；B.show展示；C.realize实现，意识到；D.design设计。句意：这样我就有足球服来实现我的梦想了。根据上文she

discovered

a

painting

on

a

pair

of

trousers可知，Mack自己画球服就是为了实现（realize）自己的愿望。故选C项。

（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.set安排，设置；B.sold出售；C.chosen选择；D.exhibited展出。句意：现在足球服都准备好了。根据第三段"shediscoveredapaintingonapairoftrousers."和上文"Butthisnaughtyboyhasworkedouthisidea."可知，Mack的球服已经画好了，allset为固定短语，表示"准备就绪，安排妥当"。故选A项。

（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.thank感谢；B.admire欣赏，喜欢；C.prepare准备；D.remember记得。句意：妈妈，希望您会喜欢我的作品。根据下文"Pleasedtoheardthepleasantwords，sheappreciatedhimforhiswork"可推知，Mack是希望妈妈欣赏他画的球服，appreciate与admire是同义词复现。故选B项。