新概念英语第二册+Lesson+62+After+the+fire+讲义

Lesson62Afterthefire🌻Part1:TextFiremenhadbeenfightingtheforestfirefornearlythreeweeksbeforetheycouldgetitundercontrol.Ashorttimebefore,greattreeshadcoveredthecountrysideformilesaround.Now,smokestillroseupfromthewarmgroundoverthedesolatehills.Winterwascomingonandthehillsthreatenedthesurroundingvillageswithdestruction,forheavyrainwouldnotonlywashawaythesoilbutwouldcauseseriousfloodsaswell.Whenthefirehadatlastbeenputout,theforestauthoritiesorderedseveraltonsofaspecialtypeofgrass-seedwhichwouldgrowquickly.Theseedwassprayedoverthegroundinhugequantitiesbyaeroplanes.Theplaneshadbeenplantingseedfornearlyamonthwhenitbegantorain.Bythen,however,inmanyplacesthegrasshadalreadytakenroot.Inplaceofthegreattreeswhichhadbeengrowingthereforcenturies,patchesofgreenhadbeguntoappearintheblackenedsoil.

🌻Part2:Newwordsandexpression1control[kən'trəul]n.控制2smoke[sməuk]n.烟3desolate['desəleit]a.荒凉的4threaten['θretn]v.威胁5surrounding[sə'raundiŋ]a.周围的6destruction[di'strʌkʃən]n.破坏，毁灭7flood[flʌd]n.洪水，水灾8authority[ɔ:'θɔriti]n.(常用复数)当局9grass-seed['gra:s'si:d]n.草籽10spray[sprei]v.喷撒11quantity['kwɔntəti]n.量12root[ru:t]n.根13century['sentʃəri]n.世纪14patch[pætʃ]n.小片15blacken['blækən]v.变黑，发暗★control

n.控制1.incontrol

在控制之内undercontrol

在控制之下,被控制outofcontrol

失控2.controlsth

Icancontrolit.=Icanmanageit.

我能对付(口语)Thesituationisundercontrol.Icancontrolthesituation.①vt.

控制，指挥，支配，管理Don’ttrytocontrolotherpeople.②n.控制（能力），支配（能力）It’shardtokeepthenumberofpeoplecomingintothecountryundercontrol.★smoke

n.烟（雾）1.fullofsmoke

充满烟雾smoky

adj.多烟的（名词加-y,变为形容词）smokingarea

吸烟区；nonsmokingarea

禁烟区2.smoker

n.抽烟的人heavysmoker

烟瘾重的人；nonsmoker

不抽烟的人

3.smoke

v.吸烟Don'tsmoke!=Nosmoking!Hesmokedheavily.他烟瘾很大smokingapartment

火车上的吸烟车厢4.cigarette=cigar

n.香烟★desolate

adj.荒凉的desolate

adj.

be

devoid

of

inhabitants“streets

which

were

usuallyso

thronged

nowgrown

desolate"

(Daniel

Defoe).

由岩石组成的、荒凉的月球表面the

rocky,

desolate

surface

of

the

moonlonely

adj.

unfrequented

bypeople,desolatea

lonely

crossroads

★threaten

v.威胁的1.toexpressathreatagainstorgiveindicationsoftakinghostileactionagainst:

threatensb.withsth.

以……来威胁/恐吓某人Thethiefthreatenedhimwithaknife.2.To

give

signs

or

warning

of;

portend:

Theblackclouds

threaten

astorm.3.threatentodosth.

威胁着要做……（与人相连）；有迹象表明……He

threaten

totakethetenanttocourt

.It

threatened

torain.

有迹象表明天要下雨了。★surrounding

adj.周围的1.surroundings

n.

环境(在周边的事物)Theylivedamidbeautiful

surroundings.2.atmosphere

n.

大气层,

氛围(在周边的人文环境)

an

atmosphere

ofpeaceandcalminthecountry

3.Environment

环境,

周围状况,

自然环境ahappy

environment

atschool.4.Setting:

thecontextandenvironmentinwhichasituationisset,thebackgroundRomeistheperfect

setting

forromance.★destruction

n.破坏,毁灭1.destroy

v.

破坏destructive

adj.

毁灭性的construct

v.

建设(为……创造更好的条件)construction

n.

建设,

建筑ChinaConstructionBank

建设银行constructive

adj.

建设性的(意见)2.build

v.

建设(具体的建某物)★authorityn.当局authority

n.权威（单数）Hebegantoassumeairsof

authority.

装出一副威风凛凛的样子Heisanoted

authority

onEnglishliterature.他是著名的英国文学权威。★spray

v.喷撒

n.喷雾，浪花1.spraysth.over/on

往……上喷洒spraywaterover/onflowerspraygrass-seedover/ontheground2.hairspray

发胶★quantity

n.（数）量Alargequantityof

大量的……quantitiesof

大量的……❤️quality

n.

质量

sth.withgoodquality

质量好的东西1.a

quantity

of

后既可接复数可数名词，亦可接不可数名词。在它们分别和其后的名词构成短语作主语时，其谓语动词通常看of后名词的具体情况而采用单数或复数形式。1)如果是接不可数名词，则谓语用单数形式，2)如果是接复数可数名词，则谓语通常要采用复数形式2．quantities

of后既可接复数可数名词，亦可接不可数名词,后面的谓语都用复数形式。❤️练习❤️1.此外，还发现了大量的邮包。Besides,

a

large

quantity

of

mail

bags

were

found.

2.喝了好多啤酒。A

large

quantity

of

beer

was

consumed.

3.

查获大量假证和假公章Quantities

of

fake

certificates

and

official

stamps

were

also

seized.★root

n.根Whatistherootcause?

根本原因是什么？rootof…

……的根takeroot

生根★patch

n.小片，颜色和周围不同的部分1.patch

n.(平面上的)一片,

补丁(本意)Whatisthatyellowpatchonthewall?

墙上那块黄斑是什么？2.apatchof

一小片；patchesof

许多片Thereare

patchesofcloud

inthesky.apieceof/abitof/asheetof/asliceof

一片，一块……★blacken

v.变黑，发暗1.Thesmokehasblackenthewalls.

烟把墙熏黑了。2.-en后缀表示动词，译为“使……变得……”weak—>weaken

v.使……变弱，削弱🌻Part

3:Notesonthetext★Firemenhadbeenfightingtheforestfirefornearlythreeweeksbeforetheycouldgetitundercontrol.1.

fightsth.

和……作搏斗2.getitundercontrol表示“使它得到控制”，get有“使……处于某种状态”的含义，“get+宾语+介词短语”作宾补:

TheGovernmentcannolongerkeeppricesundercontrol.

政府已控制不住物价Gettheroominorder.

把房间整理好。★Ashorttimebefore,greattreeshadcoveredthecountrysideformilesaround.ashorttimebefore和ashorttimeago都可以与段时间相连ashorttimebefore

不久以前，从过去某一点时间算起，一段时间以前ashorttimeago

过去某段时间，从现在算起，一段时间以前formilesaround

方圆几英里（around表示“在周围，向四周”）Thisistheonlymodernbuildingformilesaround.这是方圆几英里唯一的一幢现代化建筑物。Ashorttimeago,villagerswereastonishedtolearnthatthe'ghost'ofEndley

haddied.

不久之前,

村民们惊悉恩得利农场的鬼死了.★Now,smokestillroseupfromthewarmgroundoverthedesolatehills.riseup(from)

升上来smokeriseup

(烟、雾)弥漫Hethatliesdownwithdogsmustriseupwithfleas.近朱者赤,近墨者黑.

★Winterwascoming

onandthehillsthreatenedthesurroundingvillageswithdestruction,forheavyrainwouldnotonly

washaway

thesoilbutwouldcauseseriousfloodsaswell.1.winterwascomingon

冬季即将来临

(季节的来临的通用表达式)，comeon的过去进行时形式表示的是过去将来时，它在这里表示季节的“到来，来临”：Whenspringcomeson,therewillbeflowerseverywhere.Iwasstillintheforestwhennightcameon.2.washaway

冲掉，冲走，洗掉Awoodenbridgewaswashedawaybytheflood.Ican’twashthespotaway.春天来时，到处都有鲜花。Whenspringcomeson,therewillbeflowerseverywhere.如果冬天来了,

春天还会远吗IfWintercomes,canSpringbefarbehind?—<OdetotheWestWind>—PercyByssheShelley出自《西风颂》作者:雪莱

(1792—1822)

★Whenthefirehadatlastbeen

putout,

theforestauthorities

ordered

severaltonsofaspecial

type

ofgrass-seedwhichwouldgrowquickly.1.putout/extinguishthefire

扑灭火2.type

强调与其他同类的东西有明显不同的特征的种类★Theseedwassprayedoverthegroundinhugequantitiesbyaeroplanes.quantity单数时仅表示“数量”，既可以用于表示多也可以用于表示少：Theydrankalarge/great/smallquantityofbeerlastnight.quantity复数时表示“大量”：Heboughtbooksin(large)quantities.★Bythen,however,inmanyplacesthegrasshadalreadytakenroot.takeroot表示“生根”，这个短语也可以表示某处思想/想法等“扎根”：Thistypeofgrasstakesrooteasily.这种想法在他脑海里扎了根。Theideahastakenrootinhismind.★Inplaceofthegreattreeswhichhadbeengrowingthereforcenturiespatchesofgreenhadbeguntoappearintheblackenedsoil.inplaceof

替代，取代

(只能指代位置、空间，原来放的东西现在不在了)以前放的是茶杯，现在放的是花瓶。Inplaceofacup,Iputavasethere.

简代替玛丽接了电话。JaneansweredthephoneinplaceofMary.❤️❤️insteadof