2020-2021学年北京西城区初三第一学期英语期末试卷及答案

2020-2021学年北京西城区初三第一学期英语期末试卷及答案知识运用一、单项填空从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Mr.Leelikesreadingand________favoritebookisTheAdventuresofTomSawyer.A.her B.his C.their D.your【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：李先生喜欢读书，他最喜欢的书是《汤姆•索亚历险记》。考查物主代词。her她的；his他的；their他们的；your你（们）的。根据并列句子主语Mr.Lee提示，此处指的是“他最喜欢的书”，故应用形容词性物主代词his，故选B。2.—Sam,whatdoyouoftendo________thescienceclub?—Wedomanyinterestingexperiments.A.of B.in C.to D.on【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】——山姆，你经常在科学俱乐部做什么?——我们做了许多有趣的实验。考查介词辨析。of……的；in在……里；to去，向，往；on在……之上。结合句意及thescienceclub可知，这里是指在科学俱乐部里，故选B。3.Hurryup,________wewillmissthegame.A.and B.but C.or D.so【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：快点，否则我们就会错过游戏。考查连词。and和；but但是；or否则；so所以；此处是结构“祈使句，and/or+简单句”，根据句意可知，这里表示“否则”，应用or连接，故选C。4.—Mom,mustIcleanmyroomnow?—No,you________.Youcandoitafterdinner.A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’t【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——妈妈，我现在必须打扫房间吗？——不，不需要。你可以在晚饭后做。考查情态动词。needn’t不需要；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能。根据英语语法，对于must开头一般疑问句，若要作否定回答，可用needn’t，不用mustn’t。故选A。5.—________doyouvisityourgrandparents?—Onceaweek.Weusuallyhaveabigdinnertogether.A.Howlong B.Howfar C.Howoften D.Howmuch【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你多久去看一次你的祖父母？——一周一次。我们通常一起吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。考查特殊疑问句。Howlong多长时间，问一段时间；Howfar多远，提问两地之间的距离；Howoften多久一次，提问频率；Howmuch多少，对不可数名词的量提问。根据答句“Onceaweek”可知，此处问的是频率，故选C。6.The________youclimb,themoreyoucansee.A.high B.higher C.highest D.higherthan【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：爬得越高，你能看到的东西就越多。考查固定句型。high高，副词原级；higher更高的，副词比较级；highest最高的，副词最高级；higherthan比……高。“The+比较级，the+比较级”为固定句型，意为“越……越……”，故此处应用副词比较级形式，故选B。7.Betty’sfamily________toNewYorkifherfathergetsajobthere.A.moves B.willmove C.moved D.hasmoved【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：如果Betty的爸爸在纽约找到一份工作，他们一家会搬到那里。考查时态。move移动；根据“…ifherfathergetsajobthere”可知句子是if引导的条件状语从句，此时遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时，结构是：will+动词原形，即willmove。故选B。8.—WhatdoyouthinkofthemovieBlackBeauty?—Fantastic.I________ittwice.A.watch B.waswatching C.amwatching D.havewatched【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】——你觉得电影《黑美人》怎么样?——太棒了。我看了两遍。考查现在完成时。根据句中twice可知，此处表示已经看过这部电影两次，应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词过去分词，主语为I，助动词用have，动词watch的过去分词为watched，故选D。9.Amyisavolunteerandshe________withthewastesortingatschooleveryFriday.A.helps B.helped C.willhelp D.ishelping【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：Amy是一名志愿者，她每周五在学校帮忙垃圾分类。根据everyFriday可知，此处描述经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语是she，动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。10.—Peter,pleasebequiet.Yourbrother________onthephone.—Noproblem.A.records B.recorded C.wasrecording D.isrecording【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——彼得，请安静。你哥哥正在手机上录音。——没问题。考查时态。根据“Peter,pleasebequiet.”可知，现在要保持安静，此处表示你哥哥现在正在录音，因此用现在进行时am/is/are+doing结构，故选D。11.Amonkeyescapedfromthezoolastmonth.Butseveraldayslater,it________.A.catches B.caught C.iscaught D.wascaught【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：上个月一只猴子从动物园里逃跑了。但是几天后，它被抓住了。考查时态和语态。根据“lastmonth”可知，此处用一般过去时，结合句意，它被抓住了，因此用被动语态was/were+done结构，故选D。12.Afriendissomeone________youknowwellandlikespendingtimewith.A.who B.where C.which D.when【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：朋友就是你很了解并且喜欢花时间在一起的人。考查定语从句。分析“Afriendissomeone…youknowwellandlikespendingtimewith.”可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作宾语，故选A。二、完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。GraduationCeremony(毕业典礼)CindyandDanielwerewaitingfortheirturntogoacrossthestage(舞台).No,itwasn’tthetalentshow.Itwasforgraduation!Theywerebothsonervous,anditwashardtothinkaboutanythingexceptthehugestage.Daniellookedathis___13___andgaveheranervoussmile.Sheheldhishandtightlyforcomfort.Inbothoftheirminds,they___14___theirturnwalkingacrossthestage,andtheywerebothunknowinglythinkingaboutthesamething:I’mgoingtotripandfallonthestageandeveryonewilllaughatme.Cindy___15___hissmilewithherownunevengrin(笑容).Herhandswereshaking.Atleastshedidn’thavetogiveaspeechlikeSandra—thatwouldhavemadeithorrible.Daniel’sfeetmovedupanddownnervouslyasthestudentswerecalledoneatatimetocomeup.Nameswerecalledandsomespecial___16___werepresentedtothebeststudentsinartmusic,PE,dance,mathandscience.Classbyclass,rowbyrow,itwasgetting___17___totheirturn.Itwasjustminutesaway,buttimewentbysoquickly.Oh,no!Itwastheirturnnow.Fearingitlikeadentist’svisit,theybothstoodupwiththeirclass.Theyhadtowaitinlinealongthewall.Then,oneatatime,theprincipal(校长)calledtheirnames.“CindyMarieGodfrey,winnerofaprincipal’sprizeforgreatbehaviorandgrades!”Theaudiencecheered.Daniel___18___hisfriendstepacrossthestage,stoptoshakehands,getpicturesdone,andthenexitontheoppositeside.“DanielAdamRichmond,winnerofaperfectattendanceprize.”Danielsteppedout___19___,hearinghisshoessoundloudlyonthewoodenstage.Hetookabreath,andwalkedacrossthestage.Theprincipalshookhishand,smiled,andthenhewasdone.Momentslater,he___20___hisfriendoffstageandtheytookacollectivebreathofrelief(轻松)together.Itwasoverandtheyhadgraduated.Thelittlepieceofpaperprovedit,andneitherofthemhadfallendown!13.A.friend B.teacher C.sister D.mother14.A.missed B.liked C.imagined D.changed15.A.covered B.returned C.compared D.mixed16.A.reports B.prizes C.subjects D.programs17.A.slower B.faster C.farther D.closer18.A.watched B.heard C.helped D.made19.A.noisily B.secretly C.carefully D.strangely20.A.refused B.remembered C.recognized D.rejoined【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.B17.D18.A19.C20.D【解析】【分析】本文讲述了丹尼尔和辛迪参加毕业典礼的过程。【13题详解】句意：丹尼尔看着他的朋友，紧张地笑了笑。friend朋友；teacher老师；sister妹妹；mother妈妈。根据上文中“CindyandDanielwerewaitingfortheirturntogoacrossthestage.Itwasforgraduation!”和最后一段中“hisfriend”可知，辛迪和丹尼尔在参加毕业典礼，辛迪是丹尼尔的朋友。故选A。【14题详解】句意：在他们的脑海里，他们想象着自己走过舞台，他们都在不知不觉地想着同一件事：我要是摔倒在舞台上，每个人都会嘲笑我。missed错过；liked喜欢；imagined想象；changed改变。根据“Inbothoftheirminds”可知，此处是描述他们脑海里想象的事情。故选C。【15题详解】句意：辛迪用她自己扭曲的笑容回应了他的微笑。covered包含；returned回应；compared比较；mixed混合。根据上文中“Daniellookedathisfriendandgaveheranervoussmile.”可知，丹尼尔对着辛迪微笑，所以辛迪笑着回应丹尼尔。故选B。【16题详解】句意：在艺术、音乐、体育、舞蹈、数学和科学方面表现最好的学生被点名，一些特别的奖品被颁发给他们。reports报告；prizes奖品；subjects科目；programs程序。根据presented可知，此处是奖品被颁发给表现最好的学生们。故选B。【17题详解】句意：一个班接一个班，一行接一行，轮到他们的时候越来越近了。slower更慢的；faster更快的；farther更远的；closer更近的。根据“Classbyclass,rowbyrow”可知，学生们按照顺序依次上台领奖，所以离他们上台的时候也越来越近。故选D。【18题详解】句意：丹尼尔看着他的朋友跨过舞台，停下来握手，拍完照片，然后从另一边走出来。watched看，注视；heard听到；helped帮助；made制作。根据“stepacrossthestage,stoptoshakehands,getpicturesdone,andthenexitontheoppositeside”可知，此处是描述丹尼尔看到朋友上台领奖的整个过程。故选A。【19题详解】句意：丹尼尔小心翼翼地走了出来，听到他的鞋子在木制舞台上发出很大的声音。noisily吵闹地；secretly秘密地；carefully小心地；strangely奇怪地。根据“hearinghisshoessoundloudlyonthewoodenstage”可知，能听到丹尼尔的鞋子在木制舞台上发出很大的声音，说明他是小心翼翼地走了出来。故选C。【20题详解】句意：片刻之后，他和他朋友在后台重新到了一起，他们一起松了一口气。refused拒绝；remembered记得；recognized认识；rejoined和……重新在一起。根据offstage可知，他们在领奖下台以后重新到了一起。故选D。阅读理解三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。AParis4-DayTripbyEurostarfromLondonIfyou’venevervisitedParisbefore,joinusnow!ReachParisbyEurostar—thehigh-speedtrain.Enjoya4-daytripina3-starhotelwithbreakfastincluded,andseethesightsaroundthecity.Day1Takethepanoramictour(全景之旅)—atourofParisbybuswithfantasticviews.Thetourendsatour3-starcityhotel.Aftercheck-inandsometimeforfood,youwillmeettheguide.Intheevening,youwilltravelbysubwaytoenjoyaboattour.Day2Enjoyahalf-daytriptothePalace&GardensofVersailles(凡尔赛)—£45.Itisundoubtedlythemostfamouschateau(城堡)inFrance.Thistripisfullyguided.PriceincludescoachortraintoVersailles,tourguideandentrytothePalace.ThewholeeveningisyourstoenjoytheParisnightlife.Day3Onthisdayyou’llhavesomefreetimeforyourownsightseeing.Thehotelissocentrallylocatedthatsightseeingonyourownisveryeasy.Or,youcanjointhehalf-daytriptoclimbtheEiffelTowerandgeta“bird’seyeview”ofthiswonderfulcity.Day4PleasegetreadyforamorningtripbysubwaytotheLouvreMuseumandyourchancetoseetheMonaLisa,Michelangelo’sDyingSlaveandmanyothergreatworks.Afterlunchandsomelast-minuteshopping,ourguidedtourends.Youwillbetakenbybusbacktothestation,forthereturntoLondon.21.WhatcanvisitorsdoonDay1?A.ClimbtheEiffelTower.B.Dosomelast-minuteshopping.C.TakethepanoramictourofParis.D.VisitthePalace&GardensofVersailles.22.HowdovisitorsgototheLouvreMuseum?A.Bybus. B.Bytrain. C.Byboat. D.Bysubway.23.Thispassagecanprobablybefoundina(n).A.sciencebook B.travelwebsiteC.foodmagazine D.adventurenovel【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了从伦敦乘欧洲之星前往巴黎的4天之旅，分别介绍这4天游览的地方、交通方式以及游览到的风景。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据“Takethepanoramictour(全景之旅)—atourofParisbybuswithfantasticviews.”可知，第一天游客游览巴黎全景。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“PleasegetreadyforamorningtripbysubwaytotheLouvreMuseum”可知，游客乘坐地铁去卢浮宫博物馆。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据“Paris4-DayTripbyEurostarfromLondon”可知，本文介绍了从伦敦乘欧洲之星前往巴黎的4天之旅，因此摘自旅游网站，故选B。BTheDaytheLightsWentOutOnahotandwetsummerday,Nuraandherdadfoundaplacetocooloffatthecitymuseum.Suddenlythelightsblinked(闪烁)offandon.Withafinalpop,thelightswentoutcompletely,leavingtheroomblack.“Dad,what’sgoingon?”Nuracalledoutloudly.“I’mnotsure,butwe’llwaitandseeifthelightscomebackon,”Dadsaidcalmly.Inamoment,amuseumworkerwavedtheflashlight(手电筒)atthemandsaid,“There’sapowercutacrossthecity,sowehavetoclosethemuseum.I’llwalkyoutothegate.”Nuraandherdadstoppedattheirfavoriteshopforicecream.WhenNura’sdadtriedtopay,theshopownerwavedhishand.“Forgetaboutit,”hesaid.“Itwillallbesoupsoon,anyway!”Afteralong,hotwalk,Nuraandherdadarrivedhometofindsomeoftheirneighborsoutsidetheirflats.Everyonesharedicewater,talkingandlaughingtogetherabouttheheat.“Ican’tstanditinmyroom,”Mrs.Fongsaid,fanningherselfwithanewspaper.Anotherneighbornodded.Nurarecognizedhimasthemanwholivedintheflatabovehers.Awomanwholiveddownstairswasstandinginthedoorway.“Ifthepowerdoesn’tcomeonsoon,I’llhavetothrowallthefoodaway.”shesaid.“Ihavesomemeatinthefridge,too,”saidNura’sdad.“Itwouldbenicetousethegrill(烧烤架)tocookbeforeitgoesbad.”“I’llseewhatIhave,”thewomaninthedoorwaysaid.“I’llmakesuretobringenoughforeveryone.”Thatevening,NuralearnedthatthemanfromupstairswasnamedSergey.ThedownstairswomanwasRachel.Astheyfinishedtheirdinner,nightfelloverthecity.ForthefirsttimeinNura’slife,theirstreetbecamecompletelydark.Starsblinkedoverhead.She’dneverseensuchasight.Thenightairwasthickandhot,butNuradidn’tmindanymore.Shehadenjoyedfreeicecream,andshehadsharedadinnerwithherneighbors.Shesmiledtoherselfandcontinuedtowatchthestars.24.Nuraandherdadhadtoleavethecitymuseumbecause.A.NurafelldownandgothurtB.itwastoohotinsidethemuseumC.therewasapowercutacrossthecityD.theirneighborswerewaitingforthem25.WhatdidNuraandherneighborsdothatevening?A.Theysharedadinnertogether. B.Theywenttothecitymuseum.C.Theyatetheirfavoriteicecream. D.Theyreadnewspaperstogether.26.HowdidNuraprobablyfeelatthatnight?A.Sadandlonely. B.Warmandpleased.C.Nervousandsurprised. D.Boredanddisappointed.【答案】24.C25.A26.B【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了一个炎热潮湿夏天的晚上，因为整个城市停电，Nura和爸爸不仅享用了免费的冰淇淋，还和邻居们共进了晚餐，因此Nura感觉既温暖又高兴。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“There’sapowercutacrossthecity,sowehavetoclosethemuseum.”可知，Nura和她的爸爸不得不离开城市博物馆，是因为整个城市都停电了，故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Shehadenjoyedfreeicecream,andshehadsharedadinnerwithherneighbors.”可知，她享用了免费的冰淇淋，还和邻居们共进晚餐。由此可知，那天晚上Nura和她的邻居共进晚餐，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据“Shesmiledtoherselfandcontinuedtowatchthestars.”她暗自笑了笑，继续看星星。结合文章内容，可推测她感觉是既温暖又高兴，故选B。CAreyoutiredofmakingsomanydecisionseveryday?Peoplemaybefacedwithupto35,000choicesandahugenumberofoptions(可选择的事物)perday.Whentiredofdecisionmaking,peoplemaydependonfate(命运)—rolladiceorsimplyflipacoin.Shallwemakechoicesatrandom(随机)?IcametothinkaboutthebenefitsofrandomdecisionmakingwhenwatchingaTVshowlastnight.ItsmaincharacterSheldonusedthedicetorandomlyorderfoodanddrinksinarestaurant.Hedidthistofreeuphismindtoconsidersomemoreimportantproblems.However,hisfriendsquestionthemethod’ssuccess.Indeed,thisrandomrestaurantorderincludingalargedrinkwastoomuchforhim.Sheldonfinallyrealizedthattherandomresultcouldbeimprovedbyreducingoptionstoleaveoutlargedrinks.Thisexamplesuggeststhatrandomdecisionmakingmaynotalwaysworkwellandit’snecessarytoreducetheoptionsbeforerollingadiceinsomesituations.Insomeunimportantdecisionsituations,randomisersmakeiteasiertodecide.Buthowdodiceworkinmoreimportantdecisionsituations?It’shardtoaccepttheideaofcompletelydependingonadice.However,thisdoesn’tmeanthatdiceorcoinscan’tbeofanyhelpatall.LetmeborrowanotherexamplefromSheldon.Hecouldn’tmakeuphismindwhenchoosinganewTVsetfromtwo.HisfriendAmyaskedhimtoflipacoin.Ratherthanblindlyfollowingtheresult,however,shesuggestedcheckinghisemotionalreaction.Didheexperiencehappinessordisappointmentwhenfacedwiththecoin’sresult?Sheldon’sreactioncouldbeusefultofindoutwhichonehetrulypreferred.Recently,scientistsstudiedthisdecisionmethodandfoundthatflippingacoinledpeopletoimaginethetwodifferentresultsmoreclearly,whichresultedinastrongeremotionalreaction,andthentheyrecognisedhiddenpreferencesandmadedecisionsmoreeasily.Arelatedstudyfurtherprovedthatrandomiserssimplifythechoiceprocess.Whenusingdice,peoplewerelesslikelytolookforadditionalbutunnecessaryinformationaboutthedifferentoptions.Thishelpedtospeeduptheirchoices.Takentogether,recentresearchshowssurprisingbenefitsofflippingcoinsandrollingdiceaslongaspeopledon’tlettheresultscontroltheirchoices.Usingthembutkeepingthefreedomtobedifferentfromtheresultscanspeedupthedecisionprocessandhelpsolvedecisionproblems.27.ThefirstexampleofSheldonshowsthatrandomdecisionmaking.A.isalwayseffectiveB.helpsmakeagoodorderC.mayworkbetterwithfeweroptionsD.canoffermoresolutionstoimportantproblems28.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.A.peopleshouldnotrolldiceorflipcoinsinimportantsituationsB.peoplewillmakebetterchoiceswhenexperiencinghappinessC.dicecanspeedupdecisionprocesswithunnecessaryinformationD.reactiontotheresultoftherandomisermayshowone’struepreference29.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FollowYourHeartorYourHead?B.ShouldYouLettheDiceDecide?C.ListentoFriends,orRollaDice?D.HowDoYouMakeaWiseDecision?【答案】27.C28.D29.B【解析】【分析】本文讨论了通过掷骰子或者投硬币的方式来随机做决定的利与弊。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据“Thisexamplesuggeststhatrandomdecisionmakingmaynotalwaysworkwellandit’snecessarytoreducetheoptionsbeforerollingadiceinsomesituations.”可知，第一个关于谢尔顿的例子表明，在选择较少的情况下，随机决策可能更有效，故选C。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据“Recently,scientistsstudiedthisdecisionmethodandfoundthatflippingacoinledpeopletoimaginethetwodifferentresultsmoreclearly,whichresultedinastrongeremotionalreaction,andthentheyrecognisedhiddenpreferencesandmadedecisionsmoreeasily.”可知，作者可能同意随机者对结果的反应可以显示一个人真正的偏好，故选D。【29题详解】标题归纳题。根据“Whentiredofdecisionmaking,peoplemaydependonfate(命运)—rolladiceorsimplyflipacoin.”和“Shallwemakechoicesatrandom(随机)?”可知，本文主要介绍了我们是否应该通过掷骰子来随机做决定。故选B。DMostofusfeelyoungerorolderthanwereallyare.This“subjectiveage”issimplybasedonthewaywefeelinside.Thenumberofyearsthathavepassedsinceyoufirstenteredtheworldisanunchangeablefactbuteverydayexperiencessuggestthatweoftendon’texperienceageingthesameway.Scientistsfindthat“subjectiveage”isthekeytounderstandingwhysomepeopleappeartobeenergeticastheyage—whileothersdonot.What’smore,variousstudieshaveshownthatyoursubjectiveagecanpredictimportanthealthoutcomes.Insomerealways,youreallyareonlyasoldasyoufeel.Oneinterestingstudyhasdiscoveredthewayoursubjectiveageinteractswithourpersonality.Itisnowwell-acceptedthatpeopletendtobecomelessopentonewexperienceswhileageing.However,suchpersonalitychangesarelesspronouncedinpeoplewithayoungerheartandmorenoticeableinpeoplewitholdersubjectiveage.Moreover,peoplewithyoungersubjectiveagesbecomemorecareful—goodchangesthatcomewithnormalageing,thusmakingfewermistakes.Ontheotherhand,somestudiessuggestthatfeelingbetween8and13yearsolderthanyouractualageresultsinan18-25%greaterriskofdeathanddisease,whilefeelingyoungermeansbetterphysicalhealthandlessofachanceofbeinghospitalized.Buttheconnectionbetweenhealthandsubjectiveagealmostcertainlyactsinbothdirections.Ifyoufeelupsetandphysicallyweak,youarelikelytofeelolder.Theresultcouldbeaviciouscycle(恶性循环).Inthisway,theeffectofsubjectiveageonhealthiscomparableorstrongerthanthatofactualage.Withtheseinmind,manyscientistsaretryingtodiscoverreasonsthatmayshapethisprocess.Whendowestarttofeelthatourmindsandbodiesareoperatingondifferenttimescales?Andwhydoesithappen?Onestudyfoundthatmostchildrenandteenagersfeelolderthantheyreallyare.Butthischangesataround26,when70%wouldprefertobeyounger.Someresearchersarguethatalowersubjectiveageisaformofself-defense,protectingusfromnegativeagestereotypes(消极的年龄刻板印象)indifferentareasoflife,suchasworkandhealth.Believing“Imaybe65butIonlyfeel50”wouldmeanyouarelessworriedaboutyourperformanceatwork,forexample.Thisthinkinghelpspeopledistancethemselvesfromthesociety’ssadviewofageingandgivesusahopefulviewofthefuture.Withthesefindings,itispossiblethatinthefuture,sciencemightbeabletoreducepeople’ssubjectiveageandimprovetheirhealthasaresult.Inthemeantime,thesefindingscangiveusaclearerviewofthewayourownbrainsandbodiesweatherthepassingoftime.Nomatterhowoldyoureallyare,it’sworthquestioningwhetheranyofthoselimitationsarecomingfromwithin.30.Accordingtothepassage,subjectiveage.A.willnoteasilychangewhenyougetolderB.issimplybasedonhowothersthinkofyouC.referstothenumberofyearsyouhavelivedD.resultsfromyourpersonalexperienceofageing31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pronounced”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Obvious B.Important C.Beneficial D.Limited32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peoplewithhighersubjectiveagearehealthier.B.Morepeoplewillhavehighersubjectiveageafter26.C.Actualagehasastrongereffectonpeople’shealthcondition.D.Alowersubjectiveagemayfreeusfromthesociety’ssadviewofageing.33.Thewriterbelievesthat.A.theagewefeelisimportanttousB.subjectiveageistoogoodtobetrueC.futuresciencewillpreventusfromgettingoldD.therearemanyunknownareashiddeninourbrains【答案】30.D31.A32.D33.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述的是心理年龄和生理年龄的关系，以及哪个对健康更重要的话题。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“subjectiveage”issimplybasedonthewaywefeelinside.”可知“心理年龄”仅仅是基于我们内心的感觉。故选D。【31题详解】词句猜测题。根据“morenoticeableinpeoplewitholdersubjectiveage.”可知人们随着年龄的增长，往往对新体验的态度不那么开放，心理年龄较大的人在这方面更明显。与其相比较的是“lesspronouncedinpeoplewithayoungerheart”可知在心态年轻的人中，这种情况不那么明显。由此推断pronounced和“noticeable”意思相近，意为“明显的”，故选A。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Believing“Imaybe65butIonlyfeel50”…Thisthinkinghelpspeopledistancethemselvesfromthesociety’ssadviewofageingandgivesusahopefulviewofthefuture.”可知“觉得自己心理年龄比生理年龄小”这种想法帮助人们远离社会对老龄化悲观看法，并给我们一个对未来充满希望的看法。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nomatterhowoldyoureallyare,it’sworthquestioningwhetheranyofthoselimitationsarecomingfromwithin.”可知不管你实际年龄有多大，我们感觉的年龄对我们很重要，我们应该质疑诸多条条框框的限制是否来自自己的内心。故选A。四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Oneoftheproblemsharmingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway.Rubbishofallkindsispilingupinlandfillandpollutingourriversandoceans.Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswethrowawayise-waste—electronicitems(物品)thatarebrokenandnotrecycled.Nowsolutionsarebeingfoundtogivethiswasteanewlife.Manymillionsoftonsoftelevisions,phones,andotherelectronicproductsarethrownawayeachyear,partlybecauseit’scheapertoreplacethemthantofixthem,butalsobecausewedon’thaveenoughskillstorepairthem.AUNreportsays50milliontonsofe-wasteisproducedeveryyear,anditwillbemorethandoubleto110milliontonsby2050.Thatmakesitthefastestgrowingwasteintheworld.However,repaireventsandclubsaregettingpopularnowadays.Thatcouldbepartofasolutiontotheincreasinglyterriblee-wasteproblem.TheBBCvisitedaRestartProjectinLondon,whichisoneofmanyfoundaroundtheworld.Oneofitsvolunteers,FrancescoCalo,saidthat“thepurposeoftheprojectistoreducewaste,andhelppeoplewhocannotaffordtorepairthem.”Astherearemanyvaluablemetals(金属)inelectricalitems,anotherideaise-wastemining(矿).AnexperimentattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinvolvestakingthesematerialsfromelectronicproducts.It’sthoughtthatdoingthiscouldbemorelikelytomakemoneythantraditionalmining.Withphonestypicallyhavingasmanyas60elements(成分),thiscouldbepartofthesolutiontoourdesirefornewtechnology.Theseprojectsmaketotalsense—collectionsofe-wasteforrecyclingare“decreasing”accordingtoRuedigerKuehr,oftheUnitedNationsUniversity.Andincountrieswithnorelatedlaw,muchofitjustgetsthrownaway.However,ifthegovernmentdecidestobeinvolved,therewillbesomeeffectivemethodstodealwithe-waste.TaketheEuropeanUnionasanexample.Itisnowtryingtosolvetheproblembyinsistingcompanieshavetomakeproductslonger-lastingandwillhavetosupplysparepartsformachinesforupto10years.34.Whatise-waste?

__________________________________________________________________35.Howmuche-wasteisproducedeveryyearaccordingtoaUNreport?

__________________________________________________________________36.What’sthepurposeoftheRestartProjectinLondon?

__________________________________________________________________37.Whatcanpeopletakefromelectronicproductsbye-wastemining?

__________________________________________________________________38.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?

__________________________________________________________________【答案】34.E-wasteiselectronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.35.50milliontonsofe-wasteisproducedeveryyear.36.Toreducewaste,andhelppeoplewhocannotaffordtorepairelectronicitems.37.Valuablemetals.38.Theproblemofe-wasteandthesolutions.【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了各种垃圾正在污染着我们的生存环境，其中最近一种是破旧的或是不能回收利用的电子产品，人们正在寻求合适的办法来改善这种情况。【34题详解】根据第一段“Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswethrowawayise-waste—electronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.”可知，电子垃圾是那些坏了的，不能回收利用的电子物品，故答案为E-wasteiselectronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.【35题详解】根据第二段“AUNreportsays50milliontonsofe-wasteisproducedeveryyear”可知，联合国的一份报告说，每年产生5000万吨电子垃圾，故答案为50milliontonsofe-wasteisproducedeveryyear.【36题详解】根据第三段“thepurposeoftheprojectistoreducewaste,andhelppeoplewhocannotaffordtorepairthem.”可知，这个项目的目的是减少浪费，帮助无力维修的人，故答案为Toreducewaste,andhelppeoplewhocannotaffordtorepairelectronicitems.【37题详解】根据第四段“Astherearemanyvaluablemetalsinelectricalitems…AnexperimentattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinvolvestakingthesematerialsfromelectronicproducts.”可知，人们通过电子垃圾开采,从电子产品中提取有价值的金属，故答案为Valuablemetals.【38题详解】本文主要介绍了现在人们正在寻找办法解决日益严重的电子垃圾问题，故答案为Theproblemofe-wasteandthesolutions.书面表达五、文段表达从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。

39.假如你是李华，你们学校的健身俱乐部要举办一场健身经验分享活动，你打算邀请你们班交换生Peter参加。请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他活动的时间和地点、活动安排，以及他需要做什么准备。提示词语：fit,share,invite,experience,question提示问题：●Whenandwherewillyouhavetheactivity?●Whatwillyoudo?●WhatdoyouadvisePetertoprepareforit?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________