初三定语从句课件

初三定语从句课件第一页，共29页。

定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例）例：Thegirlbehindthetree

isKate.

Themandrivingtoofast

wasdrunk.

定语从句在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。例：Thegirlwhoisbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanwhowasdrivingtoofast

wasdrunk.第一页第二页，共29页。关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister.She

worksinShanghai.

代替sister普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she)Ihaveasister

who/that

worksinShanghai.关系代词：（如上例who/which）

1.代替先行词;2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）第二页第三页，共29页。

Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.

关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。Thebuilding

which/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.

先行词

关系词定语从句which/that是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来。第三页第四页，共29页。

关系词判断步骤:首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用

who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which或that;

然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词主格宾格所有格人who,thatwho(m),thatwhose物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhich第四页第五页，共29页。

最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。

Thewoman

who/that

spokeatthemeetingyesterday

is

my

mother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间)第五页第六页，共29页。第六页第七页，共29页。thetallthestrongthecleverboyTheboyisTom.Theboy

whoistallisTom.Theboy

whoisstrongisTomTheboy

whoiscleverisTom第七页第八页，共29页。

TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.

TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.

(主语)Theboy

whohasaroundfaceisTom.

TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.第八页第九页，共29页。

Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.

(宾语)

Thewomangotthejob.

Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreet

gotthejob.

Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterday

willgiveusatalk.第九页第十页，共29页。关系代词

1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(

who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.第十页第十一页，共29页。关系代词

3.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。

Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebook

whosecoverisred.Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawoman

whosebagwasstolen.第十一页第十二页，共29页。appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.TheapplewhichisredissmallTheapplewhichisgreenisbig.第十二页第十三页，共29页。Canyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.Canyoufindthepenwithwhich

Iwrotejustnow?Canyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?第十三页第十四页，共29页。4.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?第十四页第十五页，共29页。1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.Thisisthehero(that)weareproudof.2)Theroom

(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

(which)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

inwhichIliveisverybig.Theroom

whereIliveisverybig.注意:固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:lookafter,lookat…关系代词与介词:

介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)第十五页第十六页，共29页。

定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.第十六页第十七页，共29页。3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.4.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant?

Ihaven’tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.

5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?第十七页第十八页，共29页。注:who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用who,不用that

1).先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere?2).在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.第十八页第十九页，共29页。————关系副词

关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。

where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.

when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。1.Thehotelwasn’tclean.

+Westayedatthehotel.Thehotel

wherewestayedwasn’tclean.Thehotel

atwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.The

hotel

(which)

westayedatwasn’tclean.第十九页第二十页，共29页。2.I’llneverforgettheday.

IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday.

I’llneverforgettheday

when

IjoinedtheLeague.I’llneverforgettheday

onwhich

IjoinedtheLeague.第二十页第二十一页，共29页。(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.

Wemetheryesterday.ThescientistØwemetyesterdayisvery

whofamousintheworld.whomthat(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.

whichØ

第二十一页第二十二页，共29页。(3)Heisthekindperson.

Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.

(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthis

film.HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworked

whowith.

whomØ

ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.

Ø第二十二页第二十三页，共29页。

单项选择。

1.Thisisthejob______theylaughedat.A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark____builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman______atyesterday’smeeting?A.wesawhimB.wesawC.wesawwhoD.shewasseen4.Theman______ispaintingthehouseismyuncle.A.he B.whomC.whose D.who5.Whatistheanimal______babyissleepinginitspocket?A.who B.whoseC.its D.whichACBDB第二十三页第二十四页，共29页。6.Thisbookisforthestudents______nativelanguageisn’tEnglish.A.that B.ofwhomC.whose D.who’s7.Therobbersshouted,“Handsup!I’llshootanyone______moves!”A.whom B.that C.who D.whose8.Thedictionary_____hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful.A.whichB.forwhichC.onwhichD.aboutwhich9Theboy_____parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow.A.whoseB.whoC.hisD./10.Theman_______issmokingisabusdriver.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.whatCCAAB第二十四页第二十五页，共29页。根据汉语完成句子：1.Thisistheengineer________________________________(给我们作关于计算机报告的)theotherday.2.Mynecklaceisnot________________________________.(唯一不见的东西).3.Theman______________________________________(在这间房子里工作的)isanEnglishteacher.4.Theoldbuilding_____________________________(我们住的)hasb