男女生殖系 组织学与胚胎学课件

HISTOLOGY&

EMBRYOLOGY

MaleandFemale

ReproductiveSystems9/27/20231HISTOLOGY&

EMBRYOLOGY

Malean9/27/202328/7/20232ReproductiveSystemSex,

Gender,

ReproductionGermCells:spermandovum(haploid)SexHormones:

Male---Androgens(Testosterone)

Female---Estrogen,ProgestogenDevelopmentalStages:infant,child,puberty,adult,menopauseandold

9/27/20233ReproductiveSystemSex,Gender9/27/202348/7/202349/27/202358/7/202359/27/202368/7/20236MaleReproductiveSystemTestis:

producingspermandhormoneEpididymis:

spermmaturation,storageVasdeferens:

spermpassageduringejaculationAccessoryglands(prostate,seminalvesicle,bulbourethralgland):seminalplasma---environmentforspermsPenisandscrotum9/27/20237MaleReproductiveSystemTestis9/27/202388/7/202389/27/202398/7/202399/27/2023108/7/202310TESTIS

apairinscrotumCapsule:

tunicavaginalis,albugineaandvasculosa,mediastinumtestis&septulumtestisinto250testicularlobulesSeminiferousTubuleproducingspermTesticularInterstitiumproducingandrogensbyLeydigcell9/27/202311TESTIS

apairinscrotumCapsu9/27/2023128/7/202312SeminiferousTubulesSpermatogenicCells

-spermatogonia-primaryspermatocyte-secondaryspermatocyte-spermatid-testicularspermSertoliCell9/27/202313SeminiferousTubulesSpermatoge9/27/2023148/7/202314SpermatogenesisStage1:spermatogoniamitosis(5)Stage2:spermatocytemeiosis(2)Stage3:spermiogenesis-roundspermatid-elongatedspermatid-testicularsperm

(nomotility,nofertilizingcapability)9/27/202315SpermatogenesisStage1:spe9/27/2023168/7/2023169/27/2023178/7/202317SPERMCondensednucleuswithhaploid(X/Y)FlagellumandmitochondrialsheathAcrosomecontainingenzymesMembranewithovum-recognizingligand9/27/202318SPERMCondensednucleuswithha9/27/2023198/7/202319SertoliCellSupportandnutritionBlood-testisBarrierSecretion:AndrogenBindingProteinInhibinPhagocytosis9/27/202320SertoliCellSupportandnutrit9/27/2023218/7/2023219/27/2023228/7/202322LeydigCellinInterstitiumSteroid-producingcellstructureAndrogens:spermatogenesis/secondarysexualcharacteristicdevelopmentHormonalregulation

-HypothalamusGnRH-PituitaryGlandFSHLH(ICSH)

-TestisSertoliLeydig9/27/202323LeydigCellinInterstitiumSte9/27/2023248/7/2023249/27/2023258/7/202325SpermPassageTubulesrectusRetetestisEfferentductulesDuctusepididymisVasdeferensUrethra9/27/202326SpermPassageTubulesrectus8/7EpididymisEfferentductules:principalcellwithcilia&glandularcellDuctusepididymis:pseudostratifiedcolumnarcellwithsterociliaMicroenvironmentforspermmaturation-motility-fertilizingcapability9/27/202327EpididymisEfferentductules:p9/27/2023288/7/2023289/27/2023298/7/2023299/27/2023308/7/2023309/27/2023318/7/202331Semen

sperm+seminalplasmaSpermcount,motilityandmorphologySeminalplasma(pH7.4,2-6ml)-bulbourethralgland:lubricate-prostate:ACP,Enzymes,PSP-seminalvesicle:fructose,decapacitationfactor,coagulationfactor9/27/202332Semen

sperm+seminalplasmaSFemaleReproductiveSystem

MenstrualCycle(bleedingmonthly)andsignificantdevelopmentalstagesOvumproductionEstrogen/progestogensecretionEmbryodevelopmentFetalbreast-feeding9/27/202333FemaleReproductiveSystem

M9/27/2023348/7/202334FemaleReproductiveSystemOvaryproducingovum&hormonesOviductUterusVaginaMammarygland9/27/202335FemaleReproductiveSystemOvarOvarianFollicleDevelopmentPrimordialfollicleprimaryoocyte+flatfollicularcells(1millionatbirth,40,000beforepuberty)GrowingFollicles(fewdecades/month)-primary-secondary

MatureFollicle(onepermonth,secondaryoocyte)AtresicFollicle9/27/202336OvarianFollicleDevelopmentPr9/27/2023378/7/2023379/27/2023388/7/2023389/27/2023398/7/202339GrowingFolliclesPrimary:-primaryoocytegrowing-follicularcellproliferation-zonapellucidaformationSecondary:-follicularantrum-cumulusoophorus&coronaradiata-stratumgranulosum-thecainternaandthecaexterna9/27/202340GrowingFolliclesPrimary:8/7/2EstrogenProductionLH:17@hydroxydaseinthecacell(cholesterol-----androgen)AndrogendiffuseintogranularcellFSH:aromataseingranularcell(androgen-----estrogen)9/27/202341EstrogenProductionLH:17@hy9/27/2023428/7/2023429/27/2023438/7/202343OvulationOncepermonthon14dayofthecycle36–48hbeforeovulation,primaryfolliclecompletesfirstmeiosis,becomingsecondaryoocyteandfirstpolarbodyLHsurgeleadingtoovulationdeliveringsecondaryoocyteandz.p/c.r-nofertilization:degeneration-fertilization:completingsecondmeiosis9/27/202344OvulationOncepermonthon149/27/2023458/7/2023459/27/2023468/7/202346CorpusLuteumGranulosaluteincellproducingprogestogenThecaluteincellproducingestrogenwithgranulosaluteincellCorpusluteumofmenstruation(14days,thendegeneration,corpusalbicans)Corpusluteumofpregnancyproducingestrogen/progestogen/relaxinunderhCG9/27/202347CorpusLuteumGranulosalutein9/27/2023488/7/202348HOMEWORKWhatisthemaindifferencesbetweenspermatogenesisandoogenesis?Describethestructureofovaryat6yrand25yr;7thdayofthecycle,21stdayofthecycle,onemonthafterpregnancyHowmanytypesofcellinovaryinvolveinhormoneproduction?

9/27/202349HOMEWORKWhatisthemaindiff9/27/2023508/7/202350OVIDUCT

Infundibulum,ampulla,isthmusandintramuralportionMucosalfoldswithsimplecolumnarciliatedcellsandsecretorycellsInnercircularandouterlongitudinalsmoothmusclecoatOutercoveringofperitonealmesothelium9/27/202351OVIDUCT

Infundibulum,ampulla9/27/2023528/7/202352UTERUSUterusbody-perimetrium-myometriumendometrium:basallayerandfunctionallayers(menstrualcycle)UterusCervixNomenstrualcycleinendocervix9/27/202353UTERUSUterusbody8/7/2023539/27/2023548/7/202354MenstrualCycle(28days)1-4day:menstrualphase5-14day:proliferative(follicularphase)15-28day:secretory(lutealphase)thick,uterinegland,stromacell,matrix,spiralartery,predecidualcell,ovarystructure&hormoneprofile9/27/202355MenstrualCycle(28days)1-49/27/2023568/7/20