2023学年完整公开课版构词法

构词法知识网络构词法转化法

动词→名词Let’sgooutforawal我们出去散散步吧。wal名词→动词WelunchedatWhite’s我们在怀特家吃午饭。lunched形容词→动词Culturehasfurtheredtheadvanceoflanguage文化促进了语言的发展。hasfurthered构词法合成法合成名词如：boomar书签；guideboo指南手册；worshop研讨会；车间；sunset日落合成形容词如：lifelong终身的；毕生的；heartbreaing令人心碎的；absent-minded心不在焉的构词法合成法合成动词如：whitewash用石灰水刷白；overcome战胜；overthrow推翻合成副词如：anyway无论如何；everywhere到处；however尽管如此；forever永远合成介词如：inside在里；outside在外；throughout遍及；within在之内构词法如：smogsmoefog烟雾；brunchbreafastlunch早午餐；newscastnewsbroadcast新闻广播;factionfactfiction纪实文学；sci-fisciencefiction科幻小说；docudramadocumentdrama纪录片如：television→TV读字母音电视;veryimportantperson→VIP读字母音要人；TestingofEnglishasaForeignLanguage→TOEFL作为一个单词读音托福缩略法混合法构词法派生法前缀un-如：dress→undress除去…的衣服;loc→unloc开锁；fold→unfold展开；显露dis-如：ability→disability无能力;残疾；agree→disagree意见不一致；appear→disappear消失表否定构词法派生法前缀表否定in-,il-,im-,ir-如：accurate→inaccurate不准确的;legal→illegal不合法的；possible不可能的;regular→irregular不规则的mis-如：behave→misbehave行为不端；understand→misunderstand误解;fortune→misfortune不幸non-如：anon-driner不喝酒的人；non-eistence不存在；non-smoing非吸烟区构词法派生法前缀表重复re-如：arrange→rearrange重新安排；consider→reconsider重新考虑；create→recreate重现；重建表动化en-如：able→enable使能够；large→enlarge扩大；rich→enrich使充实构词法派生法后缀表示人-er如：buy→buyer买主，购买者;design→designer设计者；dance→dancer舞者-or如：act→actor男演员;invent→inventor发明者；direct→director指导者;导演-ee如：employee受雇者,雇员;interview→interviewee被采访者；被面试者构词法派生法后缀表示人-ist如：art→artist艺术家，美术家;special→specialist专家；violin→violinist小提琴演奏家-ian如：music→musician音乐家;乐师;politics→politician政治家-ant如：account→accountant会计；assist→assistant助手;serve→servant仆人；佣人-ess或woman如：god→goddess女神；an→an女警察构词法派生法后缀表示人构词法派生法名词后缀-ness如：awward→awwardness笨拙;尴尬；careless→carelessness粗心-ment如：chieve→achievement成就;达成;accoment成就；成绩-al如：approve→approval赞成;批准；arrive→arrival到达；survive→survival存活；幸存构词法派生法名词后缀-tion如：attract→attraction吸引；collect→collection收藏品；connect→connection联系;连接物-ssion如：discuss→discussion讨论;eit→admission入场费；准入-ance如：accept→acceptance接受;appear→appearance出现;外表;assist→assistance帮助构词法派生法名词后缀-ence如：depend→dependence信赖,依赖;differ→difference差异;eist→eistence存在；生存-ture如：mi→miture混合；混合物;fail→failure失败;没做到;press→pressure压力-y如：recover→recovery恢复,痊愈;deliver→delivery递送，投递;discover→discovery发现构词法派生法名词后缀-ity如：electric→electricity电;equal→equality同等;平等;safe→safety安全动词后缀-en如：length→lengthen使变长,延伸;strength→strengthen加强；fright→frighten恐吓形容词后缀-en如：gold→golden金制的；wood→wooden木制的；练模拟操一、语法填空12018河南安阳Thestructuralainedlargely___________change,themainchangesbeingonlythedecorativedetails因remained在此处是系动词，由后面的only可知是没有变化。unchanged22018河南安阳Thefacialeallstatuewereost________vivid修饰动词portrayed，一般要用副词。32018河南诊调Ilovetheboo’s__________organie名词作love的宾语。vividlyorganiation4Mostdonotrealieitis_________etremeimaing副词作状语，修饰形容词imilyrelationshipsandfriendshipsare_______closelinedtobetterhealthandhappiness副词作状语，修饰动词lined。etremelyclosely62018河北石家庄Wealsoovieticets,tae-outfoodandtoshoethatfromtinystreetstandstolargechains,ahugenumberofobileents,________mostthroughpopularappsAlipayandWeChat副词作状语，意为“大多数”。mostlydelivery82018河北承德Somechildrenhaveevenrefusedtolearnforeamsbecausetheysaythattheycanonlyachieve________anian_______artrecentlygotintoanartschoolinordertofullymasterwoodcarving名词作主语，这里指人。personalcompletelyartist102018河北保定NowEdwardsisstudyingEnglishliterature,havingcompletedacollegecoursedesignedforadultswhowanttoreturnto_________educateorneedetraqualificationstogoontouniversity因为前面的to是介词，故填名词形式。112018河北保定________lucenough,Iwasaccepted副词作状语，修饰后面的句子。educationLucily122018贵州遵义Chinahastwenty-eightousregionsandfourcitiesdirectlyunderthe________centregovernment形容词作定语，修饰后面的government。central132018贵州安顺WhatmaesIntheNameoftheecorruitofourcountry’stopofficials前空是副词作状语，修饰动词describes;后空是名词作宾语，指得到高官的允许。directlyission142018广西防城港Hewassittingatatableclosetousandwetaled__________ecitedwithhimaboutthebeautysurroundingus副词作状语，修饰动词taled。152018广东肇庆Ifwehavegreatconfidenceinour________able,wecanovercomeanyobstacle这里的ability是可数名词,根据常识可知用复数。abilitiesecitedly162018广东揭阳Healwayscomportantoftreatingothersindly名词作new的宾语。inconvenienceimportance182018广东东莞Besides,thereisalwaysa____________ofatraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument,suchastheguheng,ance。192018广东东莞Theemojiisregardedasaindofnew___________epress名词作of的宾语。anceepression202018福建漳州Ifeveryonedoesthesame,wecanmaeabig__________different名词作mae的宾语。212018安徽六安Itsantioidantcanhelmunesystem由help的用法helpsbtodo可知。strengthen/tostrengthendifference222018安徽黄山Shesuggeststhatweshouldthinmoreaboutrecyclingourwaste,whichcanbringussuchbenefitsasmon”and“solid”groundinmylife名词作give的宾语。ementstrength242018云南二检Asa___________music,Dylanhassoldmorethan100millionrecords,mainghimoneofthebest-sellingartistsofalltime职业名词作表语。252018湖北天门Butthefightingscenesalonedon’teovie’s_________succeed名词作eplain的宾语。musiciansuccess262018四川资阳Itisobviousthatthewideses,youfindthatthe___________combineofflavors味道iswrong名词作宾语。harmfulcombination282018河北沧州Tosolvethemunityothefirm___________assumethatobesityisdeadly名词作宾语，后接同位语从句。assumptionent302018四川内江Atthesedisos由与之并列的health可知用名词形式。312018湖北襄阳TheWHOannounced,in2014,aentstoencourageitscitienstoadoeeercise形容词作定语,修饰后面的diet,意为“合理的饮食”。sensiblehappiness322018广东佛山Chinatodayisacountryrichinancientnowledgeandcustom,yetonethatisalsoburstingwith___________create名词作介词with的宾语，一起构成介词短语。332018广东茂名Sheisveryquietduringhisclassesandthestudentshavecometoacce介词后接名词，withwarmth意为“热情地”。warmthcreativity342018黑龙江七台河Whenemore_________createandmotivatedtodogreatwor,andthatisthecaseatGoogle作表语，一般用形容词形式。352018河南濮阳Without__________hesitate,sheubactothebus,sohecouldwarmupwhiletheywaitedforpolicetoarrive名词作宾语。hesitationcreative362018河南周口Heeanythings,suchasthefirstpocet-siedradio,thefirstpocet___________calculate,andthefirstdigitalwatch名词作invented的宾语。failurescalculator382018湖南邵阳Itsotestedmy_________patient名词作tested的宾语。392018山西太原Itisessentialtoour_______survive名词作to的宾语。402018山西孝义TodayinJapan,itesareoftenflownaspartofa___________celebrate,suchasthebeginningofanewyear名词作of的宾语。celebrationpatiencesurvival412018安徽宿州__________originalfromthecollectionofancientChinesepoetryBooofSongs,thewordtongpaoisnowusedtodescribewhoeverappreciate___________traditionHanChineseclothing前空是副词作状语;后空是形容词作定语，修饰后面的clothing。Originallytraditional422018广东肇庆EverynightonJinanUniversity’scamae介词后要用名词作宾语，构成介词短语。amaement432018福建福州Thoughdogsareseenascomilytoday,Chinaandwesterncountriesdonothavethesamecultural______believeaboutdogs名词作have的宾语。442018湖北武汉TheSilRoadlinedancientRomeand_______distanceChina形容词作定语，修饰后面的China。beliefdistant452018甘肃张掖Astomeaning,IrarelyreciteitsChinese____________translatebutofteneaning在句中作动词recite的宾语，用名词，故填translation。462018安徽蚌埠Iwas________abletofindafriendwhowantedtojoinmeforthemovietonight,soIwasplanningtogoalone根据soIwasplanningtogoalone可知。unabletranslation二、短文改错12018山西晋城Asisnowntoall,itisoneoftheChinesetraditionalvirtuestobegratefultowhoeverhasbeenindandhelealsinthewarmofthefamily名词作介词in的宾语。helpfulwarmth32018湖南株洲Withtheirsufortoneandtrysomethingnew由and前的并列名词suyfriendshavesomestrangewaysofdescribingtheirhungry名词作宾语。故用hunger。encouragementhunger52018河北承德First,smoingisbadforone’shealthy名词作介词for的宾语。62018河北唐山Fortunately,Qinqianghaslostitsanyoftheoperahouseshavebeenleftabandoned根据句意，此处用反义词Unfortunately。healthUnfortunately72018广西桂林Chineseber作定语修饰number，用名词。82018广东肇庆It’ssaidthathewillretirefromhispositionnetyearowingtopoorlyhealthconditions形容词作定语，修饰后面的health。poorlucky92018安徽毫州市NowI’llmaeabriefintroducetoher名词作mae的宾语。102018山东淄博Thewomanwasverythanfullytomeandthefirefightersforthehelp若作表语，且表性质或特征，一般用形容词。introductionthankful112018四川内江“That’saten-milesroundtriinute,andinsteadofourplannedactive,weallhelpedthestafftofinishcuttingtheweedsbythelae