交交变频与交直交变频的对比-

Industrial

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and

ServicesIndustrial

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and

ServicesSiemensIndustrialServices交交变频与交直交变频器的对比Roland

GebhardYour

Success

is

Our

GoalBefore

lookingat

the

different

factors,

affectingthe

selection

of

the

optimumdrive

system,

lets

first

have

a

look

onto

the

drive

systems.Acc.

to

our

understanding,

the

drive

systemdoes

not

only

consist

of

the○

converter,○

its

control

unit

and

the○

motor,but

also

comprises

the○

circuit

breaker

and

the○

converter

transformer.Additionally,

also

the○

gear

box

andthe○

whole

rolling

mill

standhaveto

be

included.When

we

want

to

find

out

the

optimumdrive

solution

fora

certain

mill

application,

we

have

to

take

into

account

various

requirements

fromdifferent

aspects:○

from

the

rolling

process○

from

the

required

performance○

from

the

communication

(open

and

standardized

to

meet

your

requirements

andto

be

prepared

for

supplements

realized

later,

high

performance

in

order

to

achieveafast

data

exchange

between

the

drive

and

the

automationsystem)○from

the

line

side

(overall

efficiency

influences

the

operating

costs)○

and

last

but

not

least

from

the

economics

(reliability

andtheavailability

directly

influence

the

downtimes

and

therefore

your

profit,

high

reproducibilityand

long-term

stability

are

necessary

for

continuouslygood

product

quality,

ensured

by

using

fullydigital,

highperformance

control

units)Finding

the

optimummeans

to

find

a

drive

system,

which

of

course

fulfills

all

requirements

beingdefined

from

the

rolling

process,

but

onlyneeds

aminimumbudget.E.g.

if

we

consider

a

certain

power

and

speed,

the

selection

of

the

motor

type

is

mainly

influenced

by

the

required

fieldweakening

range

and

the

overload

demands.

For

high

overload

requirements

and

large

field

weakening

ranges,

the

synchronous

motors

minimizeboth

the

motor

and

the

converter

size.选择传动装置时应考虑的因素~

~M3~交交变频交直交变频直联式电机内装式电机RealizationIndustrial

Solutions

and

Services

Your

Success

is

Our

GoalI&S

IS

E&C

Service

for

Mine

WindersSiemensIndustrialServicesBefore

lookingat

the

different

factors,

affectingthe

selection

of

the

optimumdrive

system,

lets

first

have

a

look

onto

the

drive

systems.Acc.

to

our

understanding,

the

drive

systemdoes

not

only

consist

of

the○

converter,○

its

control

unit

and

the○

motor,but

also

comprises

the○

circuit

breaker

and

the○

converter

transformer.Additionally,

also

the○

gear

box

andthe○

whole

rolling

mill

standhaveto

be

included.When

we

want

to

find

out

the

optimumdrive

solution

fora

certain

mill

application,

we

have

to

take

into

account

various

requirements

fromdifferent

aspects:○

from

the

rolling

process○

from

the

required

performance○

from

the

communication

(open

and

standardized

to

meet

your

requirements

andto

be

prepared

for

supplements

realized

later,

high

performance

in

order

to

achieveafast

data

exchange

between

the

drive

and

the

automationsystem)○from

the

line

side

(overall

efficiency

influences

the

operating

costs)○

and

last

but

not

least

from

the

economics

(reliability

andtheavailability

directly

influence

the

downtimes

and

therefore

your

profit,

high

reproducibilityand

long-term

stability

are

necessary

for

continuouslygood

product

quality,

ensured

by

using

fullydigital,

highperformance

control

units)Finding

the

optimummeans

to

find

a

drive

system,

which

of

course

fulfills

all

requirements

beingdefined

from

the

rolling

process,

but

onlyneeds

aminimumbudget.E.g.

if

we

consider

a

certain

power

and

speed,

the

selection

of

the

motor

type

is

mainly

influenced

by

the

required

fieldweakening

range

and

the

overload

demands.

For

high

overload

requirements

and

large

field

weakening

ranges,

the

synchronous

motors

minimizeboth

the

motor

and

the

converter

size.选择传动装置时应考虑的因素Points

of

influence经济因素Drive

system投资成本运行成本~

~M3~可靠性维护成本控制系统的因素给定值设定点转矩的质量提升循环周期通讯开放式标准化程度运行过程功率速度过载转矩截绳对电网的影响Industrial

Solutions

and

Services

Your

Success

is

Our

GoalI&S

IS

E&C

Service

for

Mine

WindersSiemensIndustrialServicesCos谐波总体效率电压降哪一种方案最优？SM150交直交变频器SIMOVERT

D交交变频器M3~M3~Industrial

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and

Services

Your

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Our

GoalI&S

IS

E&C

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for

Mine

WindersSiemensIndustrialServices哪一种方案最优？特点:❏电机定子绕组每相对应一套反并联可控硅桥❏能量直接转换（无直流环节）❏最大输出频率约为电网侧频率的45%❏适用的电机功率范围为：

1

MW至20

MW或更高❏风冷-维护简单M3~Cycloconverter功率:Industrial

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WindersSiemensIndustrialServices10.4

MVA/12脉冲过载:200%

/

60s效率:99,3

%哪一种方案最优？Cycloconverter缺点：优点：❏高过载能力❏有无功功率消耗❏非常简单的触发单元❏会产生谐波❏高效率（无直流环节）❏非常简单的电路和机械结构❏非常坚固并可靠维护简单❏在低频（速）段也有大电流输出Industrial

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WindersSiemensIndustrialServices哪一种方案最优？Sinamics

SM150M3~特点:❏

多电平交直交变频技术❏有源前端❏10

MVA的功率❏电压等级3300

V❏频率0–76,5

Hz❏水冷容量:Industrial

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and

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Your

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Our

GoalI&S

IS

E&C

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for

Mine

WindersSiemensIndustrialServices10

MVA过载:110%

/

20s效率:98

%哪一种方案最优？Sinamics

SM150❏优点:❏对电网的不良相应小（无无功功率，极低的谐波）❏缺点:❏比较复杂（与交交变频相比）❏较低的过载能力❏较大的占地面积Industrial

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WindersSiemensIndustrialServices哪一种方案最优？24

IGCTs,36二极管自换向二次能量转换较复杂的变频器低0

–

76,5

Hz1

x特殊变压器1,0较高较大重要一般使用在10

Hz成本重要交交变频交直交变频对提升机的影响72个可控硅网侧换向只有一次能量转换简单的直流技术高，可达到260%,5秒0

–

22,5

Hz6

x标准变压器与速度有关较低较少功率部分Industrial

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WindersSiemensIndustrialServices0速时的转矩频率变压器功率因数投资成本占地面积哪一种方案最优？水冷96

%5-10年前开始使用的IGCT新技术空气冷却较简单能量消耗空气风冷99

%1960开始使用的可控硅自1980开始使用在提升机上冷却Industrial

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WindersSiemensIndustrialServices效率开断元件可用性交交变频交直交变频器对提升机的影响MMMM增大电网短路容量采用12脉动交交变频器静态VAR补偿装置动态无功功率补偿和谐波滤„强劲的电网“(SVC)波器减少减少谐波减少减少电压降，和谐波和无功功谐波，无功功谐波电压率损耗率损耗以及电压降其他Compensation

forCycloconverterIndustrial

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WindersSiemensIndustrialServices纯净水回路（闭路循环）用去离子水作为制冷剂清洁的工业水回路由法兰连接到用户的系统清洁的工业循环水可以用作制冷剂内部管路全由不锈钢制成根据不同的变频器数量，有四种不同形式的冷却单元可供选择其他Cooling

forSinamics

SM150Industrial

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and

Services

Your

Success

is

Our

GoalI&S

IS

E&C

Service

for