全国卷Ⅲ英语高考试题(有详细答案)

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标III卷）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWelcometoHolkerHall&GardensVisitorInformationHowtoGettoHolkerByCar：FollowbrownsignsanA590fromJB6,M6.Approximaletraveltimes:Windermere-20minutes,Kendal-25minutes,Lancaster-45minutes,Manchester-Ihour30minutes.z.x.xkByRail:TheneareststationisCark-in-CartmelwithtrainstoCarnforth,LancasterPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports.OpeningTimesSunday-Friday(closedonSaturday)11:00am-4:00pm,30March-2ndNovember.AdmissionChargesHall&Gardens GardensAdults: £12.00 £8.00Groups £9 £5.5Producers:Market13thAprilJoinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.HolkerTheeventcelebrateits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.NationalHolkeronceagainopensisgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.WinterMarket8thNovemberThisisaneventforallthefamily.Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggifswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.21.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?A.20minutes. B.25minutes. C.45minutes. D.90minutes.22.HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppaytovisittoHall&Cardens?A.£l2.00.B. B.19.00. C.A8.0 D.45.5023.Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow?A.Producers'Market. B.HolkerC.NationalGardenDay. BCitiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(荒野).Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarming.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawson24.WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A.Itsbusinessculture.B.Itssmallpopulation.C.Itsgeographicalposition.D.Itsfavourableclimate.25.WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A.Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C.Almosteveryonegaveup.D.Halfofthemdied.26.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.D.Theywereshortoffood.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theriseandfallofacity.B.ThegoldrushinCanada.C.Journeysintothewilderness.D.TourisminDawson.CWhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalTheireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus(校园)oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves(曲线)ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素).Wang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums."ThatisonlyevidencethattraditionsI'mnotsure61ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩）thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I'mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat62topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe63(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid64(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel65(challenge). MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma66(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching67thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI'dbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried. WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind68(they)alive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal69(mean)menorealharm.Hewasjustsaying:"I'mkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!"Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme70(stay)andwatch.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）ItwasMondaymorning,andthewritingclasshadjustbegin.Everyonewassilent,waittoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisandherparagraphaloud.Someofuswereconfidentandeagertakepartintheclassactivity,otherswerenervousandanxious.IhaddonemyselfhomeworkbutIwasshy.Iwasafraidthattospeakinfrontofalargergroupofpeople.Atthatmoment,Irememberedthatmyfatheroncesaid,"Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatincludeleaningfromtextbooks,andmistakeaswell."Immediate,Iraisedmyhand.2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题参考答案第一部分听力1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.C11.A 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.B 18.C 19.C 20.A第三部分阅读理解21.D 22.B 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.B 27.A 28.B 29.C 30.D31.D 32.A 33.C 34.A 35.C36.B 37.D 38.A 39.F 40.E第三部分语言知识运用第一节完形填空41—45DABCD46—50AACDB51—55ABACC56—60DDBCB第二节61.which 62.the 63.loudest 64.looking65.challenged66.scientist 67.for68.them 69.meant 70.tostay第四部分写作第一节短文改错ItwasMondaymorning,andthewritingclasshadjust.Everyonewassilent,toseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisherparagraphaloud.Someofuswereconfidentandeagertakepartintheclass