中医英语重点

第一单元（一）将下列中医用语翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．中国医药学traditionalChinesemedicine;TCM2．中医基础理论basictheoryoftraditionalChinesemedicine3．临床经验clinicalexperience4．辨证论治treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation5．本草materiamedica16．医疗实践medicalpractice17．治疗原则therapeuticprinciples18．寒凉药物herbscoldandcoolinnature19．滋阴降火nourishingyintoreducefire20．瘀血致病diseasescausedbybloodstagnation（二）将下列句子翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．中国医药学有数前年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。TCM,amedicalsystemwithahistoryofthousandsofyearsisthesummaryoftheexperienceoftheChinesepeopleaccumulatingintheirstruggleagainstdisease.2．中医学在古代唯物论和辩证法思想的影响和指导下，通过长期的医疗实践，逐步形成并发展成为独特的医学理论体系。Undertheguidanceofclassicmaterialismanddialectics,TCMhaseventuallyevolvedintoauniquemedicalsystemthroughlongtermmedicalpractice.3．中医学是研究人体生理、病理以及疾病的诊断和防治的一门科学。TCMisasciencefocusingonthestudyofphysiologyandpathologyaswellasdiagnosis,preventionandtreatmentofdiseases.4．《黄帝内经》总结了春秋战国以来的医疗成就和治疗经验，确立了中医学的独特的理论体系，成为中医药学发展的基础。HuangdiNeijing(Huangdi’sCanonofMedicine)hassummedupthemedicalachievementsandclinicalexperiencessincethespring-autumnperiodandwarringstates,establishingtheuniquetheoreticalsystemofTCMandlayingthefoundationforthedevelopmentofTCM.5．《难经》内容十分丰富，补充了《黄帝内经》的不足，成为后世指导临床实践的理论基础。NanJingisrichincontent,supplementingwhatHuangdi’sCanonofMedicinelacksandservingasthetheoreticalbasisfortheclinicalpracticeofthelattergenerations.第二单元（一）将下列中医用语翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．先天之精innateessence2．气的运动变化motionandvariationofQi3．形与神俱inseparationofthebodyandspirit4．神明thespirit/mentalactivity5．脏腑zang-organsandfu-organs6．功能活动functionalactivities7．形神统一theunityofphysicandspirit8．阴阳失调imbalanceofyinandyang9．正邪相争combatbetweenhealthyqiandpathogenicactors10．治未病preventionofdisease11．调养cultivation/healthcare12．正气healthyqi/vitalqi13．病邪pathogenicfactors14．疾病的防治preventionandtreatmentofdiseases15．整体观念theconceptionoforganicwholeness16．疾病的本质与现象thenatureandmanifestationofdisease17．阴阳的相对平衡therelativebalanceofyinandyang18．疾病的发生与发展theoccurrenceanddevelopmentofdisease19．同病异治treatingthesamediseasewithdifferenttherapies20．异病同治treatingdifferentdiseaseswiththesametherapy（二）将下列句子翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．中医学在其形成过程中受到了古代唯物论和辩证法思想的深刻影响。Inthelongcourseofitsdevelopmentandpractice,traditionalChinesemedicinehasbeenundertheinfluenceofclassicalChinesematerialismanddialectics.2．中医学认为世界是物质的，是阴阳二气相互作用的结果。TCMholdsthattheworldinwhichweliveismaterialandistheresultoftheinteractionbetweenyinandyang.3．天地合气，命之曰人。Theexistenceofhumanbeingsdependsontheinteractionbetweenthecelestialqiandterrestrialqi.4．中医学认为精气是生命的本原物质，这种精气先身而生，具有遗传性。AccordingtoTCM,jingqiistheessentialsubstanceforlifewhichexistspriortotheformationofthebodyandishereditary.5．父母之精气相合，形成胚胎发育的原始物质。Thecombinationoftheparentalessenceistheprimarysubstancefortheformationoffetus.第三单元（一）将下列中医用语翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．五脏fivezang-organs2．六腑sixfu-organs3．经络系统thesystemofmeridianandcollateralls4．形神统一thesystemofbodyandspirit5．有机整体organicwholeness6．表里关系interiorandexteriorrelation7．开窍openinginto8．生长化收藏generate/sprout;growth;transformation;reapness/ripeness;storage9．脉象pulsemanifestation10．邪正关系therelationshipofpathogenicfactorsandhealthyqi（二）将下列句子翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．中医理论体系的基本特点是整体观念和辨证论治。TCMischaracterizedbytheconceptoforganicwholenessandtreatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation.2．中医学认为人体是一个有机的整体。TraditionChinesemedicineholdsthatthehumanbodyisanorganicwhole.3．人体各个组成部分在功能上相互为用，在病理上相互影响。Thecomponentsofhumanbodyfunctionallydependoneachotherandpathologicallyaffecteachother.4．整体观念贯穿于中医生理、病理、诊法、辨证和治疗的各个方面。TheconceptofholismpermeatesthroughallthefieldsinTCM,includingphysiology,pathology,diagnosis,syndromedifferentiationandtreatment.5．人体某一局部区域内的病理变化往往与全身脏腑、气血、阴阳的盛衰有关。Thepathologicalchangesincertainpartorregionofthehumanbodyareusuallyrelatedtotheconditionsofviscera,qiandbloodaswellasyinandyanginthewholebody.13．辨证论治是中医认识疾病和治疗疾病的基本原则，也是中医的基本特点之一。TreatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiationisabasicprincipleforunderstandingandtreatingdiseaseinTCMandalsooneofthebasiccharacteristicsofTCM.14．证是机体在疾病发展过程中的某一阶段的病理概括。Syndromeisapathologicalgeneralizationofadiseaseatacertainstageinitscourseofdevelopment.15．辨证和论治是诊治疾病过程中相互联系不可分割的两个方面。Syndromedifferentiationanddiseasetreatmentaretwoinseparablepartsindiagnosingandtreatingdisease.16．中医认识并治疗疾病，是既辨病又辨证。TCMemphasizesonbothdiseasedifferentiationandsyndromedifferentiationforunderstandingandtreatingdisease.第四单元（一）将下列中医用语翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish6．相互转化mutualtransformation7．相互联系interrelation/interconnect8．相互制约inter/mutualrestraint9．动态平衡dynamicbalance10．阴平阳秘yinandyanginequilibrium（二）将下列句子翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．阴阳是中国古代这些的一对范畴。YinandyangaretwocategoriesinclassicalChinesephilosophy.2．阴阳的对立和消长是宇宙的基本规律。Theoppositionandwaning-waxingofyinandyangarethebasiclawintheuniverse.3．阴阳是自然界相互关联的某些事物和现象对立双方的概括。Yinandyangaresummaryoftwooppositeaspectsofinterrelatedthingsorphenomenainthenaturalworld.4．世界是物质性的整体，是阴阳二气对立统一的结果。Theworldistheunityofsubstanceinthenatureandtheresultoftheunityandoppositionbetweenyinandyang.5．宇宙间一切事物的发生、发展和变化都是阴阳对立统一矛盾运动的结果。Theoccurrence,developmentandchangesofallthingsintheuniverseresultfromtheunityandoppositionbetweenyinandyang.第五单元（一）将下列中医用语翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．生理功能physiologicalfunction2．病理变化pathologicalchanges3．临床诊断clinicaldiagnosis4．有机整体organicwholeness5．正邪斗争strugglebetweenhealthyqiandpathogenicfactors（二）将下列句子翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．人生有形，不离阴阳。Manhasaphysicalshapewhichisinseparablefromyinandyang.2．对于人体的生理功能，中医学也是用阴阳学说加以概括说明。ThetheoryofyinandyangintraditionalChinesemedicineservestoexplainthephysiologicalfunctionofthehumanbody.3．功能属于阳，物质属于阴。Thefunctionpertainstoyangwhilemattertoyin.4．如果阴阳不能相互为用而分离，人的生命也就终止了。Theseparationofyinandyangleadstotheendoflife.5．阴阳的协调平衡是健康的表现。Thebalanceandharmonybetweenyinandyangarethemanifestationofthehealth.第六单元（一）将下列中医用语翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．五行学说thetheoryoffiveelements2．运动变化movementandchangement3．条达舒畅freedevelopment4．相生相克inter-generationandinter-restrictionMutualgenerationandmutualrestriction5．“生我”“我生”tobegeneratedandtogeneratebeinggeneratedandgeneration（二）将下列句子翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．木、火、土、金、水是不可缺少的物种最基本的物质。Thewood,fire,earth,metalandwaterarethemostessentialandindispensablematerials.2．任何事物都不是孤立的、静止的，而是在不断的相生、相克的运动中维持着协调平衡。Nothingissolitaryandstatic.Infacteverythingintheuniversemaintainsharmonicbalancethroughconstantmutualgenerationandrestriction.3．中医理论体系在形成过程中，受到古代五行学说的深刻影响。Initscourseofdevelopment,thetheoreticalsystemofTCMhasbeenundertheinfluenceoftheclassicaltheoryoffiveelement.4．五行理论主要用以分析各种事物的五行属性和研究事物之间相互联系的基本法则。Thetheoryoffiveelementsismainlyusedtoexplainthepropertiesofvariousthingsaccordingtofiveelementsandstudythebasiclawoftheinterrelationshipbetweendifferentthings.5．水具有滋润和向下的特性Waterischaracterizedbymoistenanddownwardflowing.11．肾主水而归属于水。Sincethekidneyservestoregulatewater,itpertainstowater.12．相生是指一事物对另一事物具有促进、助长和资生的作用。Generationmeansthatonethingpromotes,strengthensorbringforthanother.13．相克是指一事物对另一事物的生长和功能具有抑制和制约的作用。Restrictionmeansthatonethinginhibitsandrestrainsthegrowthandfunctionsofanother.14．事物之间的相生相克关系维持了自然界的生态平生和人体的生理平衡。Themutualgenerationandrestraintbetweenthingshelpmaintainecologicalbalanceinnatureandphysiologicalbalanceinthehumanbody.15．木生火，“生我”者为木；火生土，“我生”者为土。Withanalogy,theyclassifiedalltheseintoaccordingtotheirnature,functionandform.第七单元（一）将下列中医用语翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingtraditionalChinesemedicalexpressionsintoEnglish1．传变transmissionandchange2．母病及子disorderofthemother-organinvolvingthechild-organ3．子病犯母disorderofthechild-organaffectingthemother-organ4．肝肾精血不足insufficiencyofessenceandbloodintheliverandkidney5．肝阳上亢hyperactivityofliveryang（二）将下列句子翻译成英语TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．五行学说以五行的特性来说明五脏的生理功能。Thetheoryoffiveelementsisusedtoexplainthephysiologicalfunctionofthefivezang-organsaccordingtothepropertiesofthefiveelements.2．心阳有温煦之功能，故以心属火。Theheart