历年英语二翻译新题型整理总结

第第1页共1页历年英语二翻译新题型整理总结二、综合填空In1999,thepriceofoilhoveredaround$16abarrel、By全文结束》》，ithad21the$100abarrelmark、Thereasonsforthesurge22fromthedramaticgrowthoftheeconomiesofchinaandIndiatowidespread23inoil-producingregions,includingIraqandNigeriasdeltaregion、Triple-digitoilpriceshave24theeconomicandpoliticalmapoftheworld,25someoldnotionsofpower、Oil-richnationsareenjoyinghistoricgainsandopportunities,26majorimportersincludingchinaandIndia,hometoathirdoftheworldspopulation27risingeconomicandsocialcosts、Managingthisneworderisfastbecomingacentral28ofglobalpolitics、Countriesthatneedoilareclawingateachotherto29scarcesupplies,arewillingtodealwithanygovernment,30howunpleasant,todoit、Inmanypoornationswithoil,theprofitsarebeing,losttocorruption,31thesecountriesoftheirbesthopefordevelopment、Andoilisfuelingenormousinvestmentfundsrunbyforeigngovernments,32someinthewestseeasanewthreat、CountrieslikeRussia,VenezuelaandIranarewellsuppliedwithrisingoil33,achangereflectedinnewlyaggressiveforeignpolicies、Butsomeunexpectedcountriesarereapingbenefits,34costs,fromhigherprices、ConsiderGermany、35itimportsvirtuallyallitsoil,ithasprosperedfromextensivetradewithaboomingRussiaandtheMiddleEast、GermanexportstoRussia36128percentfrom2001to全文结束》》、IntheUnitedStates,asalreadyhighgaspricesrose37higherinthespringof全文结束》》，theissuecroppedupinthepresidentialcampaign,withSenatorsMcCainandObama38forafederalgastaxholidayduringthepeaksummerdrivingmonths、Anddrivinghabitsbeganto39,assalesofsmallcarsjumpedandmasstransportsystems40thecountryreportedasharpincreaseinriders、2comegoneC、crossedD、arrived22、covereddiscoveredarrangedrangedintensityinfinityinsecurityinstabilitydrawnredrawnretainedreviewedfightingstrugglingchallengingthreateningandwhilethusthough27、confineconflictconformconfrontproblemquestionmattereventlookforlockupsendoutkeepoffnomatterwhatifonlyifinspiteof3abolishingdeprivingdestroyingeliminatingwhatthatwhichwhomintereststaxesincomesrevenuesasmanyasasgoodasasfarasaswellasAlthoughBecauseSinceAsadvancedgrewreducesmultipliedevenstillratherfairlyaskingrequestingcallingdemandingchangeturnshifttransformforfromacrossover三、阅读理解：PartIIIReadingComprehension(40%)Direction:Thereare4passagesinthispart、Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements、ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andYoushoulddecideonthebestchoice、ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithapencil、PASSAGE1、HenricIbsen,authoroftheplay"ADollsHouse",inwhichapretty,helplesshousewifeabandonsHerhusbandandchildrentoseekamoreseriouslife,wouldsurelyhaveapproved、、FromJanuaryIst,xx,allpubliccompaniesinNorwayareobligedtoensurethatatleast40%oftheirboarddirectorsarewomen、Mostfirmshaveobeyedthelaw,whichwaspassedin2003、Butabout75outofthe480orsocompaniesitaffectsarestilltoomaleforthegovernmentsliking、TheywillshortlyreceivealetterinformingthemthattheyhaveuntiltheendofFebruarytoact,orfacethelegalconsequences---whichcouldincludebeingdissolved、Beforethelawwasproposed,about7%ofboardmembersinNorwaywerefemale,accordingtotheCentreforCorporateDiversity、Thenumberhassincejumpedto36%、Thatisfarhigherthantheaverageof9%forbigcompaniesacrossEuropeorAmericas15%fortheFortune500、Norwaysstockexchangeanditsmainbusinesslobbyopposethelaw,asdobusinessmen、"Iamagainstquotasforwomenormenasamatterofprinciple,"saysSverreMunck,headofinternationaloperationsatamediafirm、"Boardmembersofpubliccompaniesshouldbechosensolelyonthebasisofmeritandexperience,"besays、Severalfirmshaveevengivenuptheirpublicstatusinordertoescapethenewlaw、Companieshavehadtorecruitabout1,000womeninfouryears、ManycomplainthatithasbeenDifficulttofindexperiencedcandidates、Becauseofthis,someofthebestwomenhavecollectedasmanyas25-35directorshipseach,andareknowninNorwegianbusinesscirclesasthe"goldenskirts"、OnereasonforthescarcityisthattherearefairlyfewwomeninmanagementinNorwegiancompanies---theyoccupyaround15%ofseniorpositions、Ithasbeenparticularlyhardforfirmsintheoil,technologyandfinancialindustriestofindwomenwithaenoughexperience、Somepeopleworrythattheirrelativelackofexperiencemaykeepwomenquietonboards,andthatInturncouldmeanthatboardsmightbecomelessabletoholdmanagerstoaccount、RecenthistoryinNorway,however,suggeststhattherightwomencanmakestrongdirectors、"Womenfeelmorecompelledthanmentodotheirhomework,"saysMsRekstenSkaugen,whowasvotedNorwayschairmanoftheyearfor全文结束》》,"andwecanaffordtoaskthehardquestions,becausewomenarenotalwaysexpectedtoknowtheanswers、"41、TheauthormentionsIbsensplayinthefirstparagraphinorderto、depictwomensdilemmaatworkexplainthenewlypassedlawC、supportNorwegiangovernmentD、introducethetopicunderdiscussion42、Apubliccompanythatfailstoobeythenewlawcouldbeforcedto、payaheavyfineclosedownitsbusinesschangetoaprivatebusinesssignadocumentpromisingtoact43、TowhichofthefollowingisSverreMunckmostlikelytoagree?Asetratioofwomeninaboardisunreasonable、Areasonablequotaforwomenatworkneedstobeset、Acommonprincipleshouldbefollowedbyallcompanies、Aninexperiencedbusinessmanisnotsubjecttothenewlaw、44、Theauthorattributesthephenomenonof"goldenskirts"to、thesmallnumberofqualifiedfemalesinmanagementtheover-recruitmentoffemalemanagersinpubliccompaniestheadvantagewomenenjoywhencompetingforseniorpositionsthediscriminationtowardwomeninNorwegianbusinesscirclesThemainideaofthepassagemightbe、femalepowerandliberationinNorwaythesignificanceofHenricIbsensplaywomensstatusinNorwegianfirmstheconstitutionofboardmembersinNorwayPASSAGE2、Whiletheresneveragoodagetogetcancer,peopleintheir20sand30scanfeelparticularlyisolated、TheaverageageofacancerpatientatdiagnosisisChildrenwithcanceroftenaretreatedatpediatric（小儿科的）cancercenters,butyoungadultshaveatoughtimefindingpeers,oftensittingside-by-sideduringtreatmentswithpeoplewhocouldbetheirgrandparents、InhernewbookCrazySexyCancerTips,writerKrisCarrlooksatcancerfromtheperspectiveofayoungadultwhoconfrontsdeathjustasshesdiscoveringlife、Ms、Carrwas31whenshewasdiagnosedwithararefromofcancerthathadgeneratedtumorsonherliverandlungs、Ms、Carrreactedwiththenormalfeelingsofshockandsadness、Shecalledherparentsandstockeduponorganicfood,determinedtobecomea"full-timehealingaddict、"Thenshepickedupthephoneandcalledeveryoneinheraddressbook,askingiftheyknewotheryoungwomenwithcancer、Theresultwasherownpersonal"cancerposse":arockconcerttourmanager,amodel,afashionmagazineeditor,acartoonistandaMTVcelebrity,tonameafew、Thisclubof"cancerbabes"offeredsupport,adviceandfashiontips,amongotherthings、Ms、CarrputhercancerexperienceinarecentLearningChanneldocumentary,andshehaswrittenapracticalguideabouthowshecoped、Cancerisntfunny,butMs、Carroftenis、Sheswears,shemakesupnamesforthepeoplewhotreather(Dr、FabulousandDr、Guru),andsheevenmakessecondsoundfun("cancerroadtrips,"shecallsthem)、Sheleavesthemedicaladvicetodoctors,insteadofferinginsightfulandpracticaltipsthatreflecttheworldviewofayoungadult、"Irefusedtoletcancerruinmyparty,"shewrites、"Therearejusttoomanycoolthingstodoandplanandlivefor、"Ms、Carrstillhascancer,butithasstoppedprogressing、Hercancertipsincludeusingtime-savingmasse-mailstokeepfriendsinformed,sewingorbuyingfashionablehospitalgownssoyourenotstuckwithregulationblueorgrayandplayingGloriaGaynors"IWillSurvive"soloudyouneighborscallthepolice、Ms、Carralsoadvisesaneyebrowwaxandanewoutfitbeforeyoutelltheimportantpeopleinyourillness、"peopleyoutellaregoingtocautiousandnotsocautiouslytrytoseethecancer,sodazzletheminsteadwithyourmiracle,"shewrites、Whileheradvicemaysoundsuperficial,itgetstotheheartofwhateverycancerpatientwants:thechancetolivelifejustasshealwaysdid,andmaybebetter、Whichofthefollowinggroupsismorevulnerabletocancer?Children、Peopleintheir20sand30s、Youngadults、Elderlypeople、AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT 、KrisCarrisafemalewriterKrisCarrismorethan31-year-old、KrisCarrworksinacancercenter、KrisCarrisveryoptimistic、Thephrase"cancerposse"(Line4,para、3)probablyrefersto acancerresearchorganizationagroupofpeoplewhosufferfromcancerpeoplewhohaverecoveredfromcancerpeoplewhocopewithcancerKrisCarrmakeupnamesforthepeoplewhotreatherbecause sheisdepressedandlikesswearingsheisfunnyandlikesplayingjokesondoctorshewantstoleavethemedicaladvicetodoctorshetriestoleaveagoodimpressionondoctorFromKrisCarrscancertipswemayinferthatshelearnedtousee-mailsaftershegotcancershewearsfashionabledressevenaftersufferingfromcancerhospitalgownsforcancerpatientsareusuallynotinbrightcolorstheneighborsareveryfriendlywithcancerpatientsPASSAGE3Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Shouldaleaderstrivetobelovedorfeared?Thisquestion,famouslyposedbyMachiavelli,liesattheheartofJosephNyesnewbook、Mr、Nye,aformerdeanoftheKennedySchoolofGovemmentatHarvardandone-timechairmanofAmericasNationalIntelligenceCouncil,isbestknownforpromotingtheideaof"softpower",basedonpersuasionandinfluence,asacounterpointto"hardpower",basedoncoercion（强迫）andforce、Havinganalyzedtheuseofsoftandhardpowerinpoliticsanddiplomacyinhispreviousbooks,Mr、Nyehasnowturnedhisattentiontotherelationshipbetweenpowerandleadership,inboththepoliticalandbusinessspheres、Machiavelli,henotes,concludedthat"oneoughttobebothfearedandloved,butasitisdifficultforthetwotogotogether,itismuchsafertobefearedthanloved、"Inshort,hardpowerispreferabletosoftpower、Butmodemleadershiptheoristshavecometotheoppositeconclusion、Thecontextofleadershipischanging,theobserve,andthehistoricalemphasisonhardpowerisbecomingoutdated、Inmodemcompaniesanddemocracies,powerisincreasinglydiffusedandtraditionalhierarchies（等级制）arebeingundermined,makingsoftpowerevermoreimportant、Butthatdoesnotmeancoercionshouldnowtakeabackseattopersuasion、Mr、Nyeargues、Instead,headvocatesasynthesisofthesetwoviews、TheconclusionofThePowerstoLead,hissurveyofthetheoryofleadership,isthatacombinationofhardandsoftpower,whichhecallsmartpower?isthebestapproach、Thedominanttheoreticalmodelofleadershipatthemomentis,apparently,the“transformationalleadershippattern”、Anoneallergic（反感）tomanagementtermwillalreadyberunningfortheexit,butMr,Nyehasperformedavaluableserviceinroundingupandsummarizingthevariousacademicstudiesandtheoriesofleadcrishipintoasingle,slimvolume、Heexaminesdifferentapproachestoleadership,themoralityofleadershipandhowthewidercontextcandeterminetheeffcctivenessofaparticularleader、Thereareplcntyofanccdotesandexamples,bothhistoricalandcontemporary,politicalandcorporate、Alsa,leadershipisaslipperysubject,andashedepictsvarioustheories,evenMr、Nyeneverquitenailsthejellytothewall、Heisathismostinterestingwhendiscussingthemoralaspectsofleadershipinparticular,theque