上海市黄浦区2022-2023学年英语高三第一学期期末质量跟踪监视模拟试题含解析

2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoascholarshipsincelastyear.A．haswon B．havewon C．iswinning D．wins2．TheWinterOlympics________in2022willsurelybringinmanyinternationaltourists.A．heldB．havingheldC．holdingD．tobeheld3．－Doyoureallymeanitwhenyousayhewillagoodpresident?A．judge B．duit C．turn D．Serve4．Sheis____________beingpleasedaboutit;sheisveryangry.A．freefrom B．freeof C．outof D．farfrom5．(2015·北京)___________theearlyflight,weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.A．Catching B．CaughtC．Tocatch D．Catch6．________backinhischair,themanbegantotellushisadventuresintheforests.A．SitB．SittingC．TositD．Sat7．—Thenewmachineshavearrivedandarebeingtestedintheworkshop.—I’mgladwe_____themintheyearsahead.A．willbeoperatingB．havebeenoperatingC．wouldbeoperatingD．hadbeenoperating8．Iftheythrowstonesatyou，don’tthrowback.Usethemtobuildyourownfoundation________.A．somehowB．anywayC．insteadD．nevertheless9．Shewassuchaproudpersonthatshewoulddieshewouldadmitshewaswrong.A．sinceB．whenC．unlessD．before10．Hawkingbelievestheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet_____lifehasdevelopedgradually.A．that B．whyC．where D．whose11．—Ihavebeenconsideringcancellingtheprojectbecauseitseemshardtogofarther.—Butit'stooearlyto________now.There'sstillmuchhope.A．pickupthepieces B．throwinthetowelC．gothroughyourpaces D．jumpdownyourthroat12．—Whathasmadehiminsuchhighspiritsrecently?—_____byhisteacherforsucceedingpassingtheexam.A．BeingpraisedB．PraisedC．HavingpraisedD．Topraise13．Markdriveshiscartoofastand,what’smore,verycarelessly,worrieshismother.AasA．what B．it C．which14．—Astudysuggestsreducingenergydemandinthefuturemay________urbanareas.—That’strue.Citiesneedmoreenergythansmalltownsorotherruralareas.A．catchonB．actonC．hangonD．centeron15．Theworseworkingconditionswearelookingforwardto______musthaveattractedthelocalgovernment’sattention.A．seeimproved B．seeingimprovedC．seeimproving D．seeingtoimprove16．Thetwobrotherslooksomuchalikethatitisdifficultto______.A．tellthemfrom B．tellfromthemC．tellapartthem D．tellthemapart17．Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishI________aswellasher.A．dance B．willdanceC．haddanced D．danced18．WolfWarrior2,which________the“AwardforBestVisualEffects”attheBeijingFilmFestival,indicatesChina'sfilmindustryhascomeofage.A．winsB．wonC．haswonD．hadwon19．–What’swrongwithyouripad2?Thesound____isnotclear.--Yes.Ithasbeenbrokenforsometime.A．comeout B．comingout C．tocomeout D．cameout20．Itrainedthismorning,_____actuallydidn’tbothermebecauseIlikewalkingintherain.A．what B．whenC．where D．which第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Oursocietyisgenerallybecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,Nell-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionofinterestinglife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofobedienceandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagain–bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellowcompetitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemformabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionendsinahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities–thoseofallloveandofreason–aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.1、By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatmanis______.A．anecessarypartthoughthefunctionofeachisinsignificantB．workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofsocietyC．anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofsocietyD．airreplaceablecomponentofsocietywhenworkingsmoothly2、Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat________.A．theyaremorelikelytolosetheirpresentworkB．theyhavenorealsatisfactionorinterestinlifeC．theyareconfrontedwiththefundamentalrealitiesD．theyaredeprivedofindividualityandindependence3、Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose_______.A．whoalwaysliveatthebottomofthesocietyB．whotendtobehigherupintheirsocialstatusC．whoprovebetterthantheirfellowcompetitorsD．whocoulddipfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld4、Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof_______.A．approval B．dissatisfaction C．suspicion D．sensibility22．（8分）Asself-drivingcarscomeclosertobeingcommononAmericanroads，muchoftherhetoric（浮夸之词）promotingthemhastodowithsafety.About40，000peopledieonUSroadseveryyear，anddrivererrorsarelinkedtomorethan20percentofcrashes.Butmanyofthebiggestsupportersofautonomous（自动的）vehiclesaren'tcarcompanieslookingtoimprovethesafetyoftheirexistingproducts.Hugesupportforself-drivingtechnologiesiscomingfromSiliconValleygreatcompanieslikeGoogleandApple.Thoseofuswhohavestudiedtherelationshipbetweentechnologyandsocietytendtolookmorecarefullyatthereasonsbehindanytechnologicalpush.Inthiscase，it'sclearthatinadditiontosolvingsafetyconcerns，SiliconValleyfirmshaveastrongincentive（动机）tocreateanewplaceforincreasingtheuseoftheirdigitaldevices.Everyminutepeoplespendontheirmobilephonesprovidesdata—andoftenmoney—totechcompanies.Atpresent，digitaldevicesanddrivingareinconflict:Thereareserious，oftenfatalconsequenceswhendriversusesmartphonestotalkortotext.Regulators（管理者）andsafetysupporterslooktosolvedialconflictbybanningphoneusewhiledriving，ashashappenedinalmosteverystate.Butthetechcompaniesaretakingadifferentapproach.TheobviousanswerforSiliconValleyistocreateanautomobileinwhichcontinuouscellphoneusenolongercausesathreattoanyone.Inrecentyears,theamountoftimeadultsspendontheirmobiledeviceshasgrownrapidly.Atthemoment,it'saroundfourhoursadayfortheaverageadultintheUS.However,thatrapidgrowthislikelytoslowdownaspeoplerunoutoftimethat'savailableforthemuptousetheirdevices,unless,ofcourse,there'sanewblockoftimethatsuddenlyopensup.TheaverageAmericannowspendsabout41minutesinacareveryday,asizeableopportunityforincreasedcellphoneuse.Soasthepublicconversationaroundautonomouscarspaysattentiontothesafetyadvantages,don'tforgetthetechindustry'spowerfuldesireformoreprofits,whichgoeswellbeyondsimplysavingusfromourselves.1、WhoareresponsibleformosttrafficaccidentsinAmerica?A．Carcompanies. B．Drivers.C．Techcompanies. D．Self-drivingcars.2、WhatpushesSiliconValleytopromoteself-drivingtechnologies?A．Tomakemoremoney.B．Toreducetrafficaccidents.C．Tolimittheuseofdigitaldevices.D．Tosupportcarcompanies.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“anewblockoftime”possiblyreferto？A．Theworkingtime.B．People'ssparetime.C．Thetimespentinthecar.D．Thetimespentonmobiledevices.4、Whatcanweknowfromthepassage？A．Weshouldteachpeopletostrictlyobeytrafficrules.B．Thewritercallsonustolookatautonomouscarswisely.C．Carcompaniesaretheleadingpromotersofself-drivingcars.D．Nosolutiontotheconflictbetweenmobilephoneuseanddrivinghasbeenfoundyet.23．（8分）ToddlerWorldNurserywasdelightedtoemployatraineetwenty-two-oldJonathanBrown—astheirfirstmalenurseryschoolteacher.Hewasalsotheonlymanwhoappliedforthejob,but,insistsMargeryBowman,headteacherofToddlerWorld,byfarthebestapplicant.“Bothboysandgirlswillbenefitfromtheexperienceofhavingamalerolemodelinthenursery.”Saysmotheroftwo,Margery.Jonathanhasalwaysbeeninterestedinchildcare.Hisownmotherisachildminderandhisfatherisateacher.“I’vealwayshelpedMumwithlookingafterallthechildren.”hesays.“I’musedtochangingnappies,feedingbabies,readingstoriesandplayingwithLego.”ButJonathanisararemaleinafemaleworld.Only2%ofnurseryteachersaremenandthishasn’tchangedfortenyears.RogerOlsenoftheNationalNurseryTrustsaid,“Menareoftenviewedwithanxietyandsuspicion(怀疑)inachildren’senvironment.Ortheyareexpectedtodothingsthewaywomenwoulddothem.Butmenbringdifferentthingsintochildcareandthishastoberecoginsed.”Jonathanagrees.Heisaqualifiedunder-7sfootballcoach,andplantstointroducefootballlessonstothenurseryforboysandgirls.WhatdoJonathan’sfriendsthinkofhischoiceofcareer?“Actually,mostofthemareprettycoolaboutitnow.”hesays,“thoughtheydomakejokesaboutnappies.AndI’vefoundthatgirlsareactuallyquiteimpressed–sothat’sgood!”1、WhywasJonathanemployedbyToddlerWorldNursery?A．Hewasthebestamongalltheapplicants.B．Hewastheonlymanwhoappliedforthejob.C．Hewouldbeabletoteachkidstoplayfootball.D．Hewoulddothingsthewaywomenwoulddothem.2、Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“childminder”(Para.2)?A．Instructor.B．Superior.C．Baby-sitter.D．Coach.3、WhatdidRogerOlsensayaboutthejobofchildcare?A．Ithasbeenwomen-specific.B．Itrequirespeople’sunderstanding.C．Ittakestimetomakesomechanges.D．Itneedsmenteacherstobringsomethingdifferent24．（8分）Ihaveayoungerbrother.Tome,heisafourteen-year-oldkidnamedJoe,withblondhairandblueeyes.Toothers,heisdifferent.WhereIseeakidwhojustneedsalotmoreattention,othersseeamentallydisabledboy,akidwhocannotwalkortalkorthinkforhimself.Iseesomeonewhojustmakesdailyroutineabitlessroutine.Othersseeanannoyance,Iabother.ThisisnottosaythatIhaveneverfeltresentful(怨恨的)towardJoe.Heismybrother,andwiththatcomesresponsibility.“Gina,couldyoustayintonightandwatchyourbrother?”“Gina,domeafavorandfeedhimdinnerandchangehisdiaper(尿布)later,please?”“CouldyoucomehomerightafterschooltodayandgetJoeoffthebus?”ThesearephrasesthatIhaveheardsinceIwastwelve.Andsure,theyhavemademeresentmybrothertoacertainextent.Iwouldthink:that’snotfair!Everyoneelsecanstayafterandbeamemberofthisclub,orgetextrahelpfromthatteacher.Or,allmyfriendsaregoingouttonight,whycan’tI?And,howcomeIhavetofeedhim?Heisnotmyson!However,thesmallamountofresentmentIfeeltowardmybrotheriserasedathousandtimesoverbywhatIhavelearnedfromhim.Besidesmakingmeresponsiblefromayoungage,andhelpingmebemoreacceptingofallkindsofpeople,hehastaughtmetobethankfulforwhatIhave.IknowthattherearemomentsinmylifethatIshouldcherishandthatJoewillneverexperience.Hewillneverlaughsohardthathecries.Hewillneverfeelthegloryofastraight-Areportcard.Hewillnevercomfortabestfriendcryingonhisshoulder.Andhewillneverknowhowmuchhisfamilylovehim.Becausehewillneverknow,itisuptometoknow,everysecond,howluckyIam.Itisuptometorealizethatlifeshouldbelivedtoitsfullest,andthatyoushouldalways,alwaysbegratefulthatGod,orwhoeverarethepowersthatbe,gaveyoutheabilitytoliveyourlifethewayyouweremeanttoliveit.1、WeknowfromthefirstparagraphthatGina'sbrother__________.A．causestroubletoneighbours B．paysmoreattentiontoothersC．liveswithmentaldisability D．considersdailyroutineabother2、IfMotherasksGinatolookafterherbrothernow,whatwillsheprobablyanswer?A．I'mafraidnot. B．Noproblem！C．Itdepends. D．It'snotfair！3、Thepassageintendstotellusthatweshould_____________.A．valuethegloryofsuccess B．appreciatewhatlifegivesusC．comfortunfortunatepeople D．treasuremeaningfulmoments25．（10分）Amsterdamisaspecialcity.Therearemanyplacesyoushouldnotmissduringyourvisit.Hereisourlistofthebest.AmsterdamcanalringThecityoldcentreisformedfromcanalringswhichgiveyouthefeelingofspace,freedomandpeace.Walktroughthesecanalstreetsorbetter—takeatripbyrentingaboatyourself.AnotherwaytoexploretheVeniceoftheNorthistotakearideorabicycle.Anywayyoudecidefor—enjoythiscity.TheNationalMaritimeMuseumTheMaritimeMuseumisanattractiveplacetovisit,especiallywithchildren.Withmanyattractionsinit,thiscolourfulandenjoyablemuseumwillhelpyouunderstandthehistoryoftheNetherlands—asmallnationwhichwasoneoftheworld’sgreatestseapowers.AmsterdamBrownCafeWhenyouenterAmsterdamoldcafescalledBrown,atfirstitwillseemtoomuchfromthepastandtoocrowded,buttheatmosphereisunique.Relaxandwatch—mostofpeoplearoundwillbelocals.Feellikeoneofthem—therealAmsterdammers.CivicGuardsGalleryThisgalleryisfiledwitholdpaintingsfromtheDutchGoldenAge.Theexhibitedcanvasmaybenotalwaysthemasterpiecesofart,butthesegroupportraitsofAmsterdamcitizensandtheirwivesareanexquisite(精致的)documentoftheDutchcivilizationandculturecenturiesago.ToavoidwaitinglinesweadviseyoutobuyyourticketsinadvanceonlinethroughourAmsterdamattractionsandmuseumsticketswebpage.1、Howmanywaysaretherefortouriststovisitthecityoldcentre?A．5.B．4.C．3.D．2.2、Wherewouldyougotolearnmoreaboutlocallife?A．AmsterdamBrownCafe.B．Amsterdamcanalring.C．CivicGuardsGallery.D．TheNationalMaritimeMuseum.3、Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A．Afiction.B．Atextbook.C．Atravelguide.D．Asciencemagazine.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Tworunnersstandsidebysideatthestartinglineofarace．36lookverystrongandfast．37onerunnerspeedsaheadandwinstherace．Theother__38__．Someathletescanreachgreat39suchaswinninganOlympicgoldmedal．Othersneverliveuptotheir40．Whatkindofpreparationbeforearaceorbeforeotherkindsofeventsmakesthe41?Everyoneknowsthatathletestryto42theirbodies．Butresearchshowsthatstrengtheningthemindmaybejustas43．Carefulstudyindicatesthatthebestathleteswin44becausetheythinktheycanwin．Positivethoughtsseemtoprovidetheedgefor45insports．Peoplewhosay"IknowIcandothis"tothemselvesoverandover46findthattheyhavetheadvantagetowin．Ontheotherhand,peoplewhothink"Ican'twin"often47．Oneprocedurethathelpsmanyathletesiscreating48intheirmind．Theyaretoldtothinkofeachjumptheymustmaketo49．Someusepicturesthataremorefanciful．Oneskaterlikedtothinkaboutastarburstinginsideher,50herwithenergy．Anotherathletewhowantedtofeel51picturedhimselfasabirdfloatingintheair．Nexttimeyouwanttodosomethingwell．trytrainingyour52tohelpyou．Perhapsateacherorotherinstructorscan53youplanyourtraining．Ifyouimagineyourselfdoingbetter,youmaysoonseeimprovementsin54youreallycando．Positivethinkingandpictures55inyourmindcanhelpyouwin!1、A．Neither B．All C．Each D．Both2、A．ButB．So C．Or D．And．3、A．fallsdown B．leavesbehind C．leavesaloneD．fallsbehind4、A．prizesB．goals C．medals D．places5、A．promiseB．name C．level D．ability6、A．progress B．mistakeC．achievement D．difference7、A．determineB．expand C．strengthen D．extend8、A．possible B．interesting C．difficultD．important9、A．partly B．entirelyC．completelyD．mostly10、A．failure B．luck C．successD．competition11、A．oftenB．never C．hardly D．rarely12、A．fail B．succeed C．understand D．expect13、A．ideas B．thoughts C．wonders D．pictures14、A．fail B．run C．win D．go15、A．giving B．helping C．taking D．tiring16、A．encouragedB．calmC．excitedD．anxious17、A．mindB．bodyC．brainD．imagination18、A．helpB．advise C．allow D．persuade19、A．which B．that C．what D．how20、A．made B．hung C．discovered D．created第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）AuniversityinsoutheastChinahasanewserverin1．(it)canteenmakingnoodlesforthestudents.Thevideo2．(show)aroboticchefworkinginthekitchenandmakingnoodles3．dough(面团)atSouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity.Itwasgivenhuman-likefacialfeatures(特征)andcanbeseen4．wear)afacemask,hatandchef'suniform.Therobotwasdesigned5．(improve)thetraditionalwayofmaking“DaoXiaoMian”,6．isaspecialtyinShanxiProvinceinnorthernChina.7．traditional),achefwillholdalargepieceofdoughinonehandandaknifeintheotherbeforestartingtopeelstrips(条)offthedough.8．doughwillthenfallintothepotofboilingwaterandcookintonoodles.Astudentsaid:“I’veheardthattherearealwayslong9．(queue)attheknife-cutnoodlestallatthecanteen.”However,webusersonChinesesocialmediasaidtherobotchef10．（be）notsomethingnew.TheuseofrobotsinrestaurantsisbecomingincreasinglypopularinChinaoverthepastfewyears.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。ThatIwasinthesecondgrade,mymotherwouldfrequentlysendmetheretothelittleneighbo