全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语新课标I卷原卷版

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。.例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18.答案是Co1.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】C.£9.15.WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?A.WatchaTVprogram. B.Giveatalk.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请夫附件查看】C.Writeareport.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.She'sgenerous. B.She*scurious.C.She'shelpful.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】49.A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible50.A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe51.A.addB.exposeC.applyD.compare52.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.normally53.A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment54.A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation55.A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedD.promised56.A.factB.stepC.mannerD.skill57.A.gradesB.decisionsC.impressionsD.comments58.A.analyzeB.describeC.rebuildD.control59.A.announceB.signalC.blockD.evaluate60.A.roleB.desireC.concernD.behavior第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears_61(long)thannon-runners.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014 66showedamerefiveto10minutesAdayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67(cause).Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise...it*sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyanditsalways69(energy),Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70atry.第四部分写作第一节短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的次。删除：把多余用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：（1）.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；⑵.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。.DuringmylastwinterholidayIwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.Ifindachangethere.ThefirsttimeIwentthere,theywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogs,ducks,andanotheranimals.LastwinterwhenIwenthereagain,theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchicken.Theyalsohadasmallpond,whichtheyraisedfish.Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish.Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforeverytwoyears,butheagreed.第二节书面表达.假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件。内容包括：（1）到达时间；（2）合适的礼物；（3）餐桌礼仪。注意：.词数1。。左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。C.At10:30.C.Bybike.A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.第二节听第6段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】C.At10:30.C.Bybike.A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.第二节听第6段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanregret?Givingupherresearch.Droppingoutofcollege.Changinghermajor.Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.Ecology. B.Education. C.Chemistry.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheman?A.Ahotelmanager. B.Atourguide. C.Ataxidriver.Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?Lookingforsomelocalfoods.Showingheraroundtheseaside.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.听第8段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At6:30. B.At8:30..【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomangotowork?A.Bycar. B.Onfoot..【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Inanoffice.B.Athome.C.Atarestaurant.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Gotoaconcert. B.Visitafriend. C.Workextrahours.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A.Mike. B.Joan. C.Catherine.听第9段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Inanoffice.B.Athome.C.Atarestaurant.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Gotoaconcert. B.Visitafriend. C.Workextrahours.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A.Mike. B.Joan. C.Catherine.听第9段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?Tolookatanapartment.Todeliversomefurniture.Tohaveamealtogether.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor. B.Itsdesign.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.It'sagoodsize. B・It'snewlypainted.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Godowntown. B.Talkwithherfriend.C.Itsquality.C.It'sadequatelyequipped.C.Makepayment.听第10段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans. B.Newsreporters. C.Collegestudents.WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?Beforehelefthishometown.AfterhecametoAmerica.Whenhewas15yearsold.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?A.He'sproud. B.He'ssympathetic. C.He'sgrateful.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedhislife.BHowhislanguageskillsimproved.C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.第二部分第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Washington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseeaworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—thecherryblossoms——disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople. B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums. D.Enjoyinterestingstories.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps. B.Cameras.C.Meals. D.Safetylights.GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'sleantintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11."WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant/sheexplains.nIpay£5foraportion（一份），butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.nTheeight-partseries（系歹（J节自）,SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.IntonighfsEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?学-科网B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.D.Shehashadalightbudgetforherfamily.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.D.Shehashadalightbudgetforherfamily.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?KeepingFitbyEatingSmartC.MakingyourselfaPerfectChefProvidesomeadviceforthereaders.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.B.BalancingOurDailyDietD.CookingWellforLessLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialization,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages.Oftenspokenbymanypeoplewhilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200Languages:theAmericasabout1,000,Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡)，withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150).LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast. B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatters. D.TheywerecloselyconnectedWhichofthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2?AComplex. B.Advanced.D.Modern.C.Powerful.D.Modern.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800. B.About3,400C.About2,400 D.About1,200.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Newlanguageswillbecreated.Peopleslifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices（装置）wellaftertheygooutofstyle.Thafsbadnewsfortheenvironment-andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife-fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration—Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones.nTheliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouseJsaidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We'renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbittsteam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolution（解决方案）？Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly. B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.WhydidBabbittsteamconducttheresearch?Toreducethecostofminerals.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A.Thebox-setTV. B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV. D.Thedesktopcomputer.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?Stopusingthem. B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem. D.Recyclethem.第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyou'llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou,lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthafsfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere9rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou,relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.40.A.WhileallofthemareusefulWhateveryou'relookingforIfyou'reexperimentingwithacolorSmallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithIt'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorp