全新版大学英语(第二版)第一册第八单元短语总结

UsefulExpressionsinUnit8(byMr.Hu)1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.knitone’sbrows皱眉scratchone’shead挠头comeupwiththerightanswerbeamatlearningtheanswerweaveatale:makeup/inventastorybring/drivesthhometosb:makesbfullyunderstand/realizesthsthholdlessonsforsb:sthbeinstructive/educationaltosbafictionalstory←→atruestoryaswell=,too10.Aesop’sFables11.runoutof:useup12.filefolders13.ahandfulof:asmallnumberof14.before/plustax:whenthetaxhasn’tbeenpaidyet15.inamazement/surprise/disbelief16.indespair17.mentalarithmetic18.modestlyeducated：slightlyeducated19.beupsetby/about:=beworried/unhappyabout20.good-natured:good-tempered21.beignorantof/about22.ignorance23.atinysliceoftheproblem24.performthecalculations25.sthbeonlyamemoryamongsb26.benonexistent27.achilling(=discouraging)indifference(=alackofinterest)28.sumup:summarize29.competewith=competeagainst(sbforsth)30.financial,material,andhumancapital31.humancapital:people’sknowledgeandskills32.accumulate:collect33.ancestor=forefather←→posterity/offspring=34.atsomepointsoon用不了多久35.intellectuallaziness懒于用脑36.affect:haveaninfluenceon37.idle:lazydescendant38.laborforce:workforce39.crash坠落:falldown40.jam:getstuck41.breakdown:①stopworking②fall/collapse42.haveahumblesuggestion有一愚见

43.dramatize:describevividly;giveavividdescriptionof44.feelbitter:feelpainful45.headphones:earphones46.portable47.CD:compactdisk48.sthputsbtosleep49.searchfor:lookfor50.getajobasaclerk51.withsteadywages52.feedhimself53.allownoleisureforsuchluxuriesas…使某人没有闲暇去享受诸如54.Hisonlyhopeliesinhischildren.55.fast-forward...的奢侈的事情56.asteelmill:asteelfactory57.subway:theUnderground/theTube(BrE)58.welloff=rich59.adeterminedfoe：astrong-mindedenemy60.scared=frightened61.bescaredof;tooscaredtodo;bescaredthat;62.AscareB63.livebycf.liveon64.peaceandplenty(alliteration押头韵)65.safeandsound66.healthyandwealthy(rhyme尾韵67.alldayandallnight=dayandnight68.offerservicestosb)69.longsincecf.longago70.complex:complicated71.manualwork:physicallabor72.discipline:training73.savinganddiscipline74.disciplinesb75.earnanadequatelivingwage76.slum:ghetto77.plumbingcf.plumber78.trashpiles79.trash；rubbish;garbage;junk80.inaword:inshort81.muchas:nearlyas82.bebefriendedby:makefriendswith83.decline①decrease②refusepolitely84.acquire(=get)financialcapital85.risefromtheashes:rebuilditselfafterthedevastationofWWII86.swear:promiseseriously

87.miracle:wonder:phenomenon88.sthcatchone’seye:stharouseone’sattention89.intellectualfaculties=abilities90.contemptible:deservingcontempt令人可鄙的91.cf.contemptuous:showing,feelingorexpressingcontempt表示鄙视的92.standinthedoorway93.haveadayoff94.dothedeal95.takeanequalsliceoftheprofit96.washclothesbyhand97.inmyhumbleopinion98.appointanassistant99.reducethecostofproduction100.101.102.103.104.105.106.107.108.109.110.111.112.113.114.115.116.117.118.119.120.121.122.123.tohisdelightswitchtosthfineartsmakeagoodlawyerThestorymakesinterestingreading.makeitmysenseofselftakevariousmeasurestoencouragelocaleconomicdevelopmentdevelopasenseofresponsibilitynarrowthewidegapbetweenAandBfirst-handknowledgebuildupalargevocabularygainagoodcommandofEnglishalikeablegirl讨人喜欢的女孩becontenttodobeunconcernedby：beindifferentaboutfine-looking:handsomecallthefiredepartmentandambulanceputsthinadifferentperspectivechangeone’smindditch:throwawaysthintheditchsighinwardly暗自叹气mentallybattlewithsth:苦苦的心算looklonginglyatsth眼巴巴地望着124.off-limitsadj.禁止进入的→可望不可及的125.126.127.128.129.130.tutorastudentallowunlimitedaccesstosth可无限制的使用sthattendamathsseminarcasuallystatesth随口说educationestablishment教育机构callfortutoringinalgebraandgeometry

131.132.indefenseof辩解rationally:reasonably133.proceedfromknowninformationtodesiredinformation根据已知信息找到所需信息134.135.136.137.138.139.140.becompetentwithsth/indoingsthgettiedupwithtediouscomputations为繁琐的运算所拖累addition,subtraction,multiplicationanddivisionawordproblem应用题cutdownhiswork:stophisworkreflecton:thinkoverrepetitious:repeated141.sthfalltosuchalowpriorityineducationcircles在教育界变得如此不受重视142.143.muchless=letaloneMathisasmuchaboutknowingwhytherulesworkasknowingwhattherulesare.数学要讲有哪些规则，更要讲这些规则为什么成立。144.145.146.147.148.149.150.151.152.153.154.155.156.157.158.159.learnsthbyheart←→learnsthbyroteviewsthassth’multiplicationtablesn.[数]乘法表attackaproblem解题beseriouslydisadvantaged处于极其不inviteachild’smindtostandstill使孩子的tutorsbonpracticeexams(辅导sb做模拟试题SAT:ScholasticAptitudeTest学能测试athand:adv.在手边,在附近,即将到利的地位智力发展停滞不前)来withoutneedingasticktoleanon不需要倚靠拐杖bataneyeatsth眨眼haveone’splaceintheworldeducationtoolstofigurethecircumferenceofacircle计算tofactoraquadraticequation求解二次方程的因子foranypracticalreason出于实际需要160.expandone’smind扩展思维161.increaseone’sabilitytofunctionasacontributingindividualinsociety增强为圆的周长社会作贡献的能力162.ultimategoals终极目的163.inthefirstplace164.contributesthtosth/sb165.TheFrogintheShallowWell(井底之蛙)166.167.168.169.170.171.172.HisSpearagainstHisShield(自相矛盾),MakingHisMark(刻舟求剑),OstrichLogic(掩耳盗铃)BlessingorBane(祸害)(塞翁失马).playostrich自欺欺人Sourgrapes.Killingthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggs.

173.Onegoodturndeservesanother.善有善报.174.Don’tcountyourchickensbeforethey’rehatched.鸡蛋未孵出，先别数小鸡175.Muchwantsmoreandlosesall.(贪得无厌就会丧失一切。)176.Slowandsteadywinstherace.177.Littlefriendsmayprovegreatfriends.178.televisionandmovieshoots(拍摄)179.ability,capability&capacity180.ability含义最广，指智力（或体力）上的“能力”，主要指人，说明他能否做一件事，后面接不定式，或介词in，for，但不能接of+doing.例如：Heshowsconsiderableabilityin/fororganization.他颇有组织能力。此外，该词用作复数时只能指智力方面的能力。例如：Hehasfoundajobmoresuitedtohisabilities.183.capability与ability互通，也指智力（或体力）上的“能力”，可指人或物，后面接of+doing或for(doing)sth.。例如：Theessayisaproofofthewriter’scapabilityofusingtherightwordintherightplace.这篇文章证明作者能在适当的地方用适当的字。需要注意的是，capabilityof后接含有主动意义的动作；capabilityfor后接含有被动意义的动作。此外，capability常指天生或潜在的能力，而ability常指学到的能力。例如：Heacquiredineighthourstheabilitytodriveacar.他在八小时内就学会了开汽车。185.capacity主要指能够容纳或吸收的“能力”，可用于人或物。例如：Hehasacapacityformathematics.他有学数学的能力。（着重脑中的容纳力）Theauditoriumhasaseatingcapacityoftwothousand.礼堂能容纳二千人。187.affect,effect&influence这这里三个词都作为动词进行比较。affect表示“影响”，以被影响的人或物作宾语。大致可分为两种情况：1）“使„起变化”，没有好或坏的意思；2）“对„发生不良影响”。例如：Nothingyousaywillaffectmydecision.Thesmallamountofrainlastyearaffectedthegrowthofcrops.190.effect表示“产生，招致”或“实现”，以“改进，变化”等类的词作宾语。例如：Thenewhairdoeffectedastartlingchangeinherappearance.这新发式使她的外貌产生了惊人的变化。192.influence指对行为、性格或观点等产生潜移默化的影响。例如：Suchfilmshaveadangerousinfluenceonchildren.193.stand/lieidle闲着Themachinerystoodidleforamonth.194.breakaway逃走，逃脱195.breakin闯入，强行进入；打断；插嘴196.breakinto闯入，强行进入197.breakout逃脱，逃出；突然发生，爆发198.breakthrough突破199.Hedrovethepointhomewithanotherquotation.200.我们必须使他彻底明白困难在哪里。Wemustdrivehometohimwherethedifficultieslie.201.Manyfamoushistoricalfigurescamefromahumblebackground.202.advance/make/offer/putforwardasuggestion提出建议203.askfor/callfor/invitesuggestions征求建议204.actonasuggestion将建议付诸实施

205.adoptasuggestion采纳建议206.rejectasuggestion拒绝建议207.asuggestionabout/concerning„一项有关„的建议208.atsb’ssuggestion按照某人的建议209.suggestion,advice&opinion这三个词都可译作suggestion意为“建议一定正确，提出供对方参考”的“意见”。”或“意见”，特指为了改进或解决问题而提出的办法，常带有“不意味。例如：Thisismerelyasuggestion.211.advice着重提意见的人比对方（或自认为）有更多的经验知识，因此可用于医生给病人的“劝告”，老工人讲给新手的“经验之谈”等。该词有时也用得比较广泛，凡是与己无关、纯粹为了帮助旁人doctor’sadviceandgiveupsmoking.212.opinion指对事物的一般“意见，看法”。例如：Heshowedmeapoemhehadwrittenand而提出的“意见”都可译作advice。例如：Youshouldfollowtheaskedmyopinionaboutit.213.Champagneisaluxurytheycannolongerafford.214.我们花不起买奢侈品的钱。Wecan’taffordtospendmoneyonluxuries.215.enjoy(a)luxury享受216.affordaluxury买得起奢侈品217.pure/sheerluxury绝对的奢侈；十足的享受218.unaccustomedluxury有罕的享受219.inluxury奢侈地220.Theywallowedinluxury.他们沉溺于奢侈的生活中。221.现在，中国人的生活比以前强多了。NowadaysChinesepeoplearebetteroffthantheyusedtobe.222.They’rescaredofmakingafoolofthemselves.223.我害怕坐飞机；我怕飞机可能坠毁。I’mscaredtoflyinaplane.I’mscaredthatitmightcrash.224.adequate,enough&sufficient三词均表示“足够的”。225.adequate指“能够满足特定的或最起码的要求的”。例如：Fortheuseofbeginners,thebookisadequate.226.enough指“能够满足一种欲望或需要”，比较偏重数量，并可放在所形容的名词后面。例如：Arethereenoughapplesforeveryo