Unit4Period3Reading主题阅读八年级英语上册（牛津上海版）

Unit4Numbers！ReadingCartoontalk12Cananimalscount,Hi?Mycatcan!Howdoyouknow,Hi?Iaskeditwhat6minus6wasanditsaidnothing.12Answerthefollowingquestions.What’sinLo’shand?What’sinHi’shands?WhichquestiondidLoask?WhatdidHithink?Doyouthinkthatanimalscancount?It’sanabacus.It’sacat.Heasked,‘Cananimalscount?’Hethoughthiscatcouldcount.12PuzzletimeInthesetwopictures,GrandadishelpingBillywithhishomework.BillyisusingacalculatorandGrandadisusinganabacus.MumandDadarewatching.Canyoufind15differencesbetweenthepictures?Sayandwriteasentenceabouteachofthedifferences.12ABExample:InPictureAtherearefoursweets,butinPictureBtherearefivesweets.12Whatdoyouknowabout…?A1Wearegoingtoreadaboutaninternationallanguage–numbers.Doyourememberwhat‘international’means?345international betweendifferentnations orcountries678A2Doyouknowwhat‘language’means?12345language(n.)

wordsthatacertaingroupof peoplesayandwrite/'læŋɡwɪʤ/Doyouknowanyinternationallanguages?678A3Theworddigithastwomeanings,

anumber

(1,2,3,etc.)andafinger.Thewordscalculatorandcalculatecamefroma

wordthatmeantastone.Guessthe

connectionsbetweennumberandfingerandbetween

stoneandcalculator.12345Beforenumberswereinvented,peoplecountedwiththeirfingersorwithstones.digit10+10=?67812345calculate(v.)findtheanswerbyusingmaths/'kælkjuleɪt/Canyoucalculatehowmuchtheholidaywillcost?calculator(n.)anelectronicmachinethatadds,subtracts,multipliesanddivides/'kælkjuleɪtə(r)/＋－×÷addsubtractmultiplydivide/səb'trækt//'mʌltɪplaɪ//dɪ'vaɪd/67812345A4Canyougivethelargestnumberthatexists?Infact,thereisn’tone.Everynumbercanalwaysbemadebiggerbyadding1toit.A5Thinkofthejobsthatusenumbersalotandthejobsthatdonotusenumbersoften.JobsthatusenumbersalotJobsthatdonotusenumbersoften67812345B1Useyourdictionarytolookupthesewords

andphrases.67812345B2Weallusenumbersinourdailylife.Numbers

areaninternationallanguage.Whatdoyouknowaboutthelanguageofnumbers?Trythisquiz.Matchthewordswiththesignsandnumbers.6781adecimalnumber 7add;plus2equals 8subtract;minus3apairofoddnumbers 9multiply4apairofevennumbers 10divide5afraction 11anumbershowingdegrees6zero 12apercentage12345123456789101112/dɪ'ɡri://pə'sentɪʤ/67812BeforeyoureadABeforeyoureadthepassage,lookatthefollowingpicturesfirst.Putthemintheorderofthehistoryofnumbers.Thenlookattheheadingsonpage57andcheckyouranswers.30123Thishistoryofnumbers0AncientnumbersZeroCalculatingmachinesBNow,lookatthetitle,theintroduction,the

headingsandthepictures.Thenonthelistbelow,tick(

)thethingsyouthinkthearticlemaytellyou.123

Whileyouread12345A1Readthewholepassageonpage57forthefirsttime.Findthefollowingwordsorphrasesinthepassage.Workouttheirmeaningsbyyourself.67891011nearlysysteminventdevelopinventionaccurateelectronicpowerfulinaflashcalculationwholelifetimelivinghumanfollowingamazingsolve(like)lightningprogramabove1213141516A2Choosetherightmeaningsforthesewords.nearly

a

most

balmostinvented

adidnotlike

bmadeforthefirsttimeaccurate

acorrect

beasy1234567891011121314151612345678910111213141516inaflash

a

inalongtime

b

inashorttimelifetime

a

timethatsomebodyworks

b

timethatsomebodyliveslikelightning

a

veryquickly

b

veryslowly12345678910111213141516A3MatchthewordsinColumnAwiththemeaningsinColumnB.AB1234567asystemdevelopedtocalculatepowerfulamazingtosolvelightningabcdefgmake…bigger,betterandstrongerverysurprisingagroupofthingsthatworktogethertousenumberstofindanswersstrongverybrightlightintheskytofindananswerto12345678910111213141516A4Writethewordsthatgowiththedescriptions.1Anancientcalculatingmachinethatisstillusetoday.23Asmallmachinethatuseselectronicpowertodocalculations.4Averypowerfulmachinefordoingcalculations.An____________.The____________.A____________.A____________.abacusbraincalculator12345678910111213141516BReadthepassage.Howmanylanguagesdoyouknow?Everyoneknowsatleasttwo—hisorherownlanguageandtheinternationallanguageofnumbers.12345678910111213141516Inancienttimes,peoplewrotenumbersinmanydifferentways,asthesepicturesofthenumber6show.However,theynearlyallcountedinthesameway—intens.Ancientnumbers12345678910111213141516ZeroMostofususethesystemofnumberswithnumbersfrom1to9and0(zero).Withthesetennumbers,wecanwriteanynumberfromthebiggesttothesmallest.TheIndiansfirstinventedanddevelopedthe1to9systemofnumbers.Theytheninventedthezero.Thiswasaveryimportantinventionbecauseitmadeiteasiertowritebignumbersandtocalculate.12345678910111213141516CalculatingmachinesFindthenumberthat,whenitismultiplied23timesbyitself,givesthisanswer:9167486769200391580986609275853801624831066801443086224071265164279346570408670965932792057674808067900227830163549248523803357453169351119035965775473400756816883056208210161291328455468057801588067711234567891011121314151612345678910111213141516Answer:546,372,891.Passage12345678910111213141516CMayisaskingMrLi,thewriter,somequestionsabouthisarticleonnumbers.Hisanswersarenotquiteclear.Readthearticleagainandmakehisanswersclearer.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.123456789101112131415161MrLi:May:MrLi:Everyoneknowsit.Knowswhat?The___________of___________.2MrLi:May:MrLi:Longago,peoplewrotetheminmanydifferentways.Wrotewhat?___________.3MrLi:May:MrLi:Peopleallcountinthisway.Inwhatway?______________________.4MrLi:May:MrLi:TheIndiansinventedthatnumber.Inventedwhichnumber?___________.languagenumbersNumbersIntensZero5MrLi:May:MrLi:They’resofastandaccuratethatpeoplestillusethemtoday.Stillusewhat?___________.6MrLi:May:MrLi:Computersareverypowerfulones.Verypowerfulwhat?______________________.7MrLi:May:MrLi:Itisn’tamachine.It’salivingcomputer.Whatisalivingcomputer?The______________________.8MrLi:May:MrLi:Shakuntalabeatone.Beatwhat?A___________.AbacusesCalculatingmachineshumanbrain12345678910111213141516DCompleteanswerstothesequestionsabout

MrLi’sarticle.Workaloneorinpairs.12345678910111213141516Canyouexplainwhywecountintens?

Wecountintensbecausewehave__________fingers.WhichdidtheIndiansinventfirst,the1to9numbersystemorthezero?

Theyinventedthe____________________________first.ten1to9numbersystem12345678910111213141516inaflashlikelightning(Youcanwriteyourownanswerhere.)AfteryoureadAWorkinpairs.AskandanswerquestionaboutMrLi’sarticleonnumbers.S1asksthequestionsandS2triestoanswerhisorherquestions.123BCompletethesummary.123indifferentwaysintensnumbersystemIndiansZeroeasierabacusescalculatorsladyladyHumanbeingsCSaysomethingaboutthehistoryofnumbers

accordingtothepicturesbelow.1230UsingKeysUsingKeysUsing

Longago,therewasamonster(怪物)called“Nian”.Attheendofthewinters,heoftenappearedinavillageandatetheanimalsandvillagers.Themonsterseemedverystrongandnobodycouldfighthim.Sothevillagershadtohideinthemountainstokeepthemselvessafe.

Oneday,asmartoldmancametothevillage.Hetoldanoldwomanhowtoscare(把……吓跑)Nianaway.ThateveningwhenNianarrivedatthevillage,hesawonlytheoldwoman’shousewasbright.Niangotclosetothehouse.Suddenly,heheardthenoiseoffirecrackers(鞭炮).Themonsterfeltafraidandjumped.Andthenhefoundthehousewascoveredinredpaper.Thisscaredhimevenmoreandheranoutofthevillagequickly.Whentheothervillagersreturned,theysawthattheoldwomandidn’tdie!

ThevillagerslaterlearnedthatNianwasafraidofredcolors,lightandloudnoises.Theydecidedtoputupredcouplets(对联),setoff(点燃)firecrackersandstayuplatewhenitwastimeforNian’svisitattheendofwinter.Thatisthelegend(传奇)ofhowtheSpringFestivalcelebrationbegan.11．DidNianliveinavillage?

12．WhatwouldhappenwhenNianvisitedthevillage?

13．Whydidthevillagershideintothemountains?

14．FromwhomdidthevillagerknowthewaytoscareNianaway?

15．WhatwasNianafraidof?

Keys【答案】11．No,hedidn’t.12．Nianwouldeattheanimalsandvillagers.13．Tokeepsafe.14．Asmartoldman.15．Redcolors,lightandloudnoises.【导语】本文介绍了春节的来历，人们贴对联、放鞭炮、守岁是为了赶走“年”这个怪兽。11．根据第一段“…therewasamonstercalled‘Nian’.Attheendofthewinters,heoftenappearedinavillageandatetheanimalsandvillagers.”（“年”这个怪物在冬天结束时，经常出现在村庄里，吃动物和村民）可知，“年”不住在村子里，作否定回答。故填No,hedidn’t.12．根据第一段“…therewasamonstercalled‘Nian’.Attheendofthewinters,heoftenappearedinavillageandatetheanimalsandvillagers.”可知，“年”到村庄会吃动物和村民。故填Nianwouldeattheanimalsandvillagers.13．根据第一段“Themonsterseemedverystrongandnobodycouldfighthim.Sothevillagershadtohideinthemountainstokeepthemselvessafe.”（怪物看起来很强壮，没有人能和他战斗，村民们不得不躲在山里以保证自己的安全）可知，村民们躲进山里的原因是为了安全。故填Tokeepsafe.14．根据第二段“Oneday,asmartoldmancametothevillage.HetoldanoldwomanhowtoscareNianaway.”可知，村民从一个聪明的老人那里知道如何把“年”吓跑。故填Asmartoldman.15．根据第三段“ThevillagerslaterlearnedthatNianwasafraidofredcolors,lightandloudnoises.”可知，“年”害怕红色、亮光和巨大的噪音。故填Redcolors,lightandloudnoises.Using

Longtimeago,therewasaboycalledNarcissus.Hewasveryhandsomeandmanywomenlovedhim.OneofthemwasafairycalledEcho(回声).Unluckily,Echocouldonlyrepeatafterothers,soshecouldn’ttellNarcissusherloveforhim.Oneday,Narcissusgotlostinthewoods.Heshouted,“Who’sthere?”Echorepeated,“Who’sthere?”Slowly,Echosteppedforward.ButNarcissusdidn’tloveEcho,andleftherheartbroken.

Later,agoddesslearntthis.Shedecidedtopunish(惩罚)Narcissus.Shemadetheboyfallinlovewithhimself.OnceNarcissustookadrinkfromapond.Hesawhisownreflection(倒影)andfellinlovewithhimself.Fromthenon,hestayedthereandlookedintothewateruntilhedied.Aflowergrewwherehedied.Thatfloweriscallednarcissus(水仙花).

Thisstorytellsuswhythenarcissusflowerisseenastoomuchself-love.Italsoshowsthattoomuchself-loveisunhealthy.Whatabouthealthyself-love?Tohavehealthyself-love,weneedtousethemirror.Thatistosay,weneedtoloveourselves.Also,weneedtofindthegoodnessinothersandlovethem.Inthisway,wewillhearpraisefromeachother.Whenwehavelearnttoappreciatethevaluethatweaddtoeachother’slives,wecanloveourselveshealthily.16．WhatdoesNarcissusmeaninthispassage?

17．CouldEchotellNarcissusherloveforhim?

18．HowdidEchofeelwhenNarcissusdidn’tloveher?

19．HowdidthegoddesspunishNarcissus?

20．Whatdoesthestorytellus?

21．Whatdoweneedtodotohavehealthyself-love?

Keys【答案】16．Itmeansboththenameofaboyandthenameofaflower.17．No,shecouldn’t.18．Shefeltheartbroken/sad.19．Shemadetheboyf