采矿专业毕业设计外文资料翻译

英文原文FuzzyevaluationoncoalseamgeologicalconditionofcoalfaceintenmilliontonMineAbstract：BasedoncoalseamgeologicalconditioninJisanMine，quantitativeevaluationonconcretecoalseamgeologicalconditionismadebyusingfuzzyevaluationwiththeviewofcoalminingandcoalfaceproduction.Theevaluationcontentanditsrealizationofcoalseamgeologicalcondition，thestructureandtheindexsystemofevaluationfactor，themembershipfunctionsandweightsofevaluationfactor，evaluationmodelandreliabilityareexpoundedindetail，eighty-twocoalfacethatwillbeexploitedisclassified，Fuzzyevaluationisthebasalworktoselectcoalminingtechnologyandensureamingrunningefficiently，safelyandsteadily.Keywords：fuzzyevaluation；membershipfunctionINTRODUCTIONWiththedevelopmentofmining，thedifferenceofcoalseamgeologicalconditionswillaffectthesuitabilityofcoalminingtechnologyandcoalfaceoutputs，i.e.qualificationandeconomicindicator.Toensureaminingrunningefficiently，safelyandsteadily，coalseamgeologicalconditionsmustbeknownroundlyanddetailed.Fuzzyevaluationoncoalseamgeologicalconditionsisaevaluationonconcretecoalseamgeologicalconditionwiththecomprehensiveviewofcoalmining.Themaincharacteristicofevaluationisthatacoalfaceisaevaluationcell.TheaticletellsoffuzzyevaluationoncoalseamgeologicalconditionsinJisanMine.CONDITIONSOFSEAMANDGEOLOGYTherearethreesectionsthatareexploitedinJisanMine,i.e.northsection、eastsection、westsection,theybelongstoSanxiacoalseam.SanxiacoalseamisatthebottomofShanxizu，meanthicknessofcoalseamis5.26metres，fromeasttowestinMine， thicknessofcoalseamreducefrom5metresto3.5metre.Rockcharacterofroofissandrockorsiltite，rockcharacterofbottomissiltiteorthinsandrock.TherearemanyfaultsinJisanMine，therearefourteenfaultsthattheirdropsarebiggerthantwentymetres，andtherearemanysmallerfaults.Basedonthecoalseamgeologicalconditions，strikelongwallminingmethodinfullymechanizedcoalfaceisadopted.FACTORSANDINDEXOFEVALUATIONSTRUCTUREOFEVALUATIONFACTORSAccordingtotheprincipleofsystem，feasibilityandsimplicity，basedoncoalseamgeologicalcharacteristic，thestructureofevaluationfactorsisfigure3.1.Itconsistsofsevencompoundfactorsandelevensmallerfactors，thesefactorsarequantifiedbyfaultdensityq厂faultlengthexponentq2、faultfallexponentq3、variationofcoalseamandbandcoefficienty、seamthicknessm、seamanglea、seamhardnessR、immediateroofhardness。、ratioofimmediateroofandseamminingthicknessN、falseroofthicknessh0、immediatebottomhardnessqc、coalfacelengthlandcoalfaceadvancelengths.Figure3-1structureofevaluationfactorsofcoalfaceINDEXSYSTEMOFEVALUATIONExplanationofelevensmallerevaluationfactorsisasfollows：faulteffect：describingfaulteffectonminingneedsthreeindex，faultdensity-faultnumberinunitarea；faultlength-sumoffaultlengthinunitarea；faultfallexponent-ratiooffaultfallandseamthickness.variationofcoalseamandbandcoefficient：ratioofseamthicknesssamplestandarddeviationandseamthicknessmean.Seamthickness：seamsamplethicknessmean.Seamangle：seamsampleanglemean.Seamhardness：seamcompressionstrength.Immediateroofhardness：immediateroofcompressionstrength.Mainroofholdingpower：Falseroofeffect：falseroofthickness.Immediatebottomhardness：immediateroofcompressionstrength.CoalfacelengthCoalfaceadvanceMEMBERSHIPFUNCTIONSOFEVALUATIONFACTORSThemembershipfunctionofevaluationfactoristhequantitativedescriptiononfuzzyrelationshipbetweenthechangeofageologicalfactorandtheminingeffect.Membershipfunctionisthefoundationtobuildafuzzyevaluationmodel.Adoptingstatisticanalogismmethod，methodofundeterminedcoefficientsandheterogeneousfuzzystatisticmethod，membershipfunctionsareobtainedasfollows：(1)membershipfunctionoffaulteffectM=2/ (1+exp(0.0018+0.042xq1+0.064xq2+0.00071xq3))(2)membershipfunctionofvariationofcoalseamandbandcoefficient0.1卩(R)=^0.51xlnR-0.91Rccc1.0R<7.2c7.2<R<42cR〉42ch<h<0.200.2<h<0.50h〉0.5000.1membershipfunctionofseamthickness1.0卩(h)=<—3xh+1.6

h00membershipfunctionofseamangle0.05 N<0.3©N)=<-1.9Exp(-0.29N)+1.80.3<N<31.0 N>3membershipfunctionofseamhardness

0.4q<160.4p(q)=<ln1.69x10^4Q2+0.012<q+0.7116<q<30b 1.0 30>q>401.8—1.8—0.0b40<q<80membershipfunctionofimmediateroofhardnessf0s<f0100<s<1000s>1000p(s)100<s<1000s>1000S1.0mainroofholdingpower0.1667R0.1667R3<R<61.061.06<R<12Pn(R)=<Pn(R)=<R0.04167R+1.50.01389R+1.012<R<1818<R<36—0.0286R+1.52836<R<50falseroofeffect1—1—2x(y)0.500<Y<0.25Y>0.25immediatebottomhardness0.005xl—0.140<l<600.015xl—0.760<l<808080<l<100100<l<1300.0125xl—0.5PL“)=I0.000667xl+0.4830.0085xl—0.275130<l<150pmpm(m)1.0<m<1.4<m<2.02.0<m<2.5<m<2.82.8<m<3.5<m<4.5<m<5.0

m>5.01.0 l>150coalfacelength0.25xm+0.050.45xm—0.230.12xm+0.430.9xm—1.521.0—0.2xm+1.700.701.0coaladvancelength0.25xm+0.050.45xm一0.230.12xm+0.430.9xm一1.521.0-0.2xm+1.700.701.01.0<m<1.4<m<2.02.0<m<2.5<m<2.82.8<m<3.5<m<4.5<m<5.0m>5.0WEIGHTSOFEVALUATIONFACTORSWeightofevaluationfactorsisaquantitythatshowrelativeimportanceofperfactorinsystem，itisthekeytounifysystemicstructureandfunction.CoamseamgeologicalevaluationofcoalfaceascertainsweightsofevaluationfactorsbyAHP.AHPisaeasymethodtoquantifythequanlitativeevent.AppliacationofAHPneedsfivesteps：buildinghierarchicalmodel、constructingjudgementmatrix、singlehierarchycollationandconsistencycheck、totalhierarchycollation、consistencycheckoftotalhierarchycollation.ComfirmatiomofjudgementmatrixisthekeytouseAHP，valueofjudgementmatrixisthequantitativedescriptiononrelativeimportanceofperfactor，thevalvesareonetonineandtheirreciprocals.Table1showsthevalue，Table2to4showjudgementmatrix，Table5showsweightsofevaluationfactors.Figure1gradationandexplanationofjudgementmatrixgradationexplanation1Thesameimportanceof2element3Oneelementislittlemoreimportantthananother5Oneelementisobviouslymoreimportantthananother7Oneelementismightlymoreimportantthananother9Oneelementisextremelymoreimportantthananother2,4,6,8midvlavereciprocalReciprocalvalveFigure2A~BjudgementmatrixABiB2B3B4B5B6B7Bi1657877B21/6133332B31/51/313343B41/71/31/31333B1/81/31/31/31221/71/41/31/31/213

1/71/31/31/31/21/3Figure3B6~CjudgementmatrixB6IB6I1/31/21/3Figure4^7judgementmatrixB7CoCC1013C1/31FigureScalculatiomesultoffactorweightCompoundfactorweightSmallerfactorplexdegreeofgeologicalstructure0.4898Faulteffect0.48982.stabilizationdegreeofcoalseam0.1557Variabilityofcoalseam0.15573.seamthickness0.1289Seamthickness0.12894.seamangle0.0861Seamangle0.08615.seamhardness0.055Seamhardness0.0556.seamroofandbottomcondition0.0468Immediateroofhardness0.0209Roofholdingpower0.012Falseroof0.0094Bottomeffect0.00447.coalface0.0377CoalfacelengthCoalfaceadvence0.02830.0094sum1.0sum1.0FUZZYEVALUATIONMODELCoalseamgeologicalconditionsaremultilayeredevaluatedbyfuzzyevaluation

model，fuzzyevaluationmodelimagessinglefactorevaluationvaluetototal

evaluationvaluebycertainalgorithm，whetherpropertisofevaluationsampleisbadorgoodareassuredbytotalevaluationvalve，inordertocomprehesivelyconsidereffectdegreeofperfactor，weightedavarageevaluationmodelisused，themodel：b=£W-r j=l,2,....mj iiji=iInfomula：b——evaluationvalve；jWi——weightmatrix。RELIABILITYOFFUZZYEVALUATIONBecausecoalseamgeologicalconditionsarenotaccuratelydescripted，evaluationondrillinformationhassomeaberrations，theratioofpre-miningevaluationvalveandafter-miningevaluationvalveinthesamecoalfaceistheindexvalvetojudgepre-miningevaluationreliabilityofcoalseam.I.e.evaluationreliabilityofcoalfacejispj，thenb(l)—j——b(2)

jinformula：bj(l)——after-miningevaluationvalveofcoalseamj；bj(2)——pre-miningevaluationvalveofcoalseamj；pre-miningevaluationvalveofunquarriedcoalseamisamendedbypj.Table6isevaluationreliabilityofseveralsectioncoalfaceinJisanMine.Table6evaluationreliabilityofseveralsectioncoalfaceinJisanMineblock63下0113下0443下0013下02reliability0.9157180.9652360.9031590.934375CLASSIFICATIONRESULTOFEVALUATIONBasedonfuzzyevaluation，coalfacesthatwillbeminedinten~fiftyyeasareclassified.Table7istheclassificationresultstable.Table7coalfaceclassificationgradeevaluationvaluedescriptionone>0.80bettertwo0.70〜0.80goodthree0.60〜0.70generalfour<0.60badTheclassificationresultsof82coalfaceinJisanMineconsistofzerobettercoalfaces、seventysevengoodcoalfaces、fivegeneralcoalfacesandzerobadcoalfaces..Goodcoalfacesoccupy93.97%oftotalcoalfacesand95.07%ofreserves，generalcoalfacesliein6.03%oftotalcoalfacesand4.93%.MAINCONCLUSIONS（1） Membershipfunctionisthefoundationtobuildfuzzyevaluationmodel，themembershipfunctionofevaluationfactoristhequantitativedescriptiononfuzzyrelationshipbetweenthechangeofageologicalfactorandtheminingeffect.（2） Theclassificationresultsof82coalfaceinJisanMineconsistofzerobettercoalfaces、seventysevengoodcoalfaces、fivegeneralcoalfacesandzerobadcoalfaces..Goodcoalfacesoccupy93.97%oftotalcoalfacesand95.07%ofreserves，generalcoalfacesliein6.03%oftotalcoalfacesand4.93%.Withthedevelopmentofrunning，goodcoalfacewillreduce，generalcoalfaceandbadcoalfacewillincrease.中文译文千万吨级矿井综采工作面的开采工艺性评价摘要：依据济三煤矿的煤层赋存条件与开采技术特点，采用模糊综合评价方法，从采矿的角度和工作面开采的总体方面，对具体煤层地质条件适于开采工艺的程度进行整体的定量评价。从煤层地质条件评价的因素结构及指标体系构成、评价因素隶属函数与权重确定、评价模型建立与评价可靠性分析等方面进行了详细论述，对济三煤矿未来开采的114个综采工作面进行了类别划分，为未来工作面工艺方式选择及千万吨级矿井的持续开采提供了理论依据。关键词：模糊综合评价；隶属函数；煤层地质条件；开采工艺；层次分析1引言随着高产高效矿井开采的不断深入，由于工作面煤层地质条件的各异性，必然影响工作面开采工艺对地质条件的适应性和工作面单产水平，从而影响矿井的技术经济指标。为了保证矿井持续稳定高产，必须对未来开采工作面的地质条件进行详细和全面的了解。工作面煤层地质条件开采工艺性评价是从工作面开采的总体方面对煤层地质条件进行的整体综合评价。评价的主要特点是：将区段（工作面）作为基本评价单元。本文依据济三煤矿的煤层赋存条件与开采技术特点，采用模糊综合评价方法对千万吨级济三煤矿综采工作面进行开采工艺性评价。济三矿煤层赋存与开采技术条件全矿目前开采的北2、北3、南1采区，只开采3下煤层。3下层位于山西组下部，可采范围内的煤层平均厚度5.26m,大部分为厚煤层，厚度较稳定，从等厚线图可以看出其变化规律：在井田东北角主要是5m左右的煤层；在井田东部的中部主要是7m左右的煤层；一部分6m左右的煤层穿插在5m煤层和7m煤层之间，另一部分聚集在井田东南角；从井田东往西，煤层逐渐由5m变为3.5m左右，西南角由于部分被冲刷而是没有煤层或变的很薄（1.5m以下）；井田的西部煤层厚度在2m左右。顶板为粉砂岩及砂岩，底板为粉、细砂岩。井田内断层以南、北向为主，井田落差20m以上的断层共14条，其中落差在100m以上的4条（包括2条边界断层），落差50〜100m的两条，落差20~50m的8条，并赋存很多小断层。按照煤层赋存条件，矿井当前采用倾向长壁综采放顶煤一次采全高顶板全部跨落采煤法。采煤工艺为采煤机割一刀，放煤一次；双轮顺序放煤方法。工艺过程为割煤-移架-推移前部输送机-放煤-拉移后部输送机。评价因素与指标3.1评价因素结构根据系统性、简易性和可行性原则，考虑济三煤矿赋存特点，确定的评价因素结构如图1。评价因素结构中复合因素有7个，基因素11个，并由断层密度q「断层长度指数q2、断层落差指数q3、煤厚变异系数八煤层厚度m、煤层倾角弘煤层硬度指标R、直接顶岩层单向抗压强度"、直接顶厚度与采高的倍数比N、伪顶厚度h0、直接底岩层的抗压强度q、可布置面长l及可推进长度s共13个指标来0c量化。图1工作面评价因素结构3.2评价指标体系为进行基因素的评价，常选取具体指标进行量化。现对11个基因素指标做简要说明。（1）断层影响：开采实践与统计资料表明，全面地描述断层对开采的影响需3个指标：断层密度q]—单位面积内断层的条数，条/km2；断层长度q2—块段单位面积内断层长度之和，m/km；断层落差指数q3—断层落差与煤层开采厚度的比值。考虑到不同的煤层厚度条件下同值的断层落差系数对开采的影响不同，可用煤层开采厚度的对数函数进行修正。（2）煤层变异性：以煤厚变异系数Y（煤厚样本的标准差与煤厚均值的比值）为指标。

煤层厚度：以块段内见煤钻孔煤层厚度评价值m作为评价指标，m。煤层倾角：以块段内见煤钻孔煤层倾角平均值a作为评价指标，°。煤层坚硬性：以煤的单轴抗压强度R作为评价指标，Mpa。直接顶强度：以直接顶岩层单向抗压强度a作为评价指标，Mpa。老顶支撑性：选用直接顶厚度与采高的倍数比N作为评价指标。伪顶影响：取伪顶厚度h0作为评价指标，m。底板强度：取直接底岩层的抗压强度qc作为评价指标，Mpa。可布置面长：工作面长度l作为评价指标，m。可推进长度：工作面推进长度s作为评价指标，m。3.3评价因素隶属函数煤层地质条件开采工艺性评价是一多层次多因素的综合评价，综合评价的价值基础是因素的度量规范，多因素间必须在价值上约定一具有可比性的尺度，而且构造因素隶属函数是建立模糊综合评价模型的基础。根据统计类比法、待定系数法及多元隶属函数法［4］，确定的各评价因素的隶属函数如下：断层影响的多元隶属函数“a=2/ (1+exp(0.0018+0.042xq1+0.064xq2+0.00071xq3))底板岩石单向抗压强度R的隶属函数C' 0.1 R<7.2c卩(R)斗0.51xlnR-0.917.2<R<42Rcc ccc 1.0 R〉42c3)伪顶厚度h0的隶属函数3)伪顶厚度h0的隶属函数f1.0卩(h)=<—3xh+1.6h0000.1h<0.200.2<h<0.50h〉0.504)老顶支撑性N的隶属函数0.05 N<0.3“(N)=<“(N)=<N-1.9Exp(-0.29N)+1.81.00.3<N<3N>3(5)直接顶岩石单向抗压强度g的隶属函数0.4Q<16=<ln(1.69x1CMQ=<ln(1.69x1CMQ2+0.012xq+0.7116<q<3030>q>4040<q<800卩(s)=<0.51n©)-2.7S1.0s<100100<s<1000s>10001.01.8-0.02j工作面可推进长度s的隶属函数%(R)=R0.1667R1.0-0.04167R+1.5-0.01389R+1.0-0.0286R+1.5283<R<66<R<1212<R<1818<R<3636<R<508)煤厚变异系数/的隶属函数「1-2x(丫)0.5 0<y<0.25卩()=VYI0Y>0.259)工作面长度l的隶属函数0.005x1-0.140<1<600.015x1-0.760<1<800.0125x1-0.580<1<100卩『(1)=]L0.000667x1+0.483100<1<1300.0085x1-0.275130<1<1501.01>150(10)煤层开采厚度m的隶属函数0.25xm+0.051.0<m<1.40.45xm-0.231.4<m<2.00.12xm+0.432.0<m<2.50.9xm-1.522.5<m<2.8卩(m)=Vm1.02.8<m<3.5-0.2xm+1.703.5<m<4.50.704.5<m<5.01.0m>5.0煤层硬度指标R的隶属函数7)(11)煤层倾角A的隶属函数1.00<a<101.2-0.02xa10<a<201.275-0.025xa20<a<251.4-0.3xa25<a<301.7-0.04xa30<a<351-0.02xa35<a<45<卩(a)=a3.4评价因素权重综合评价因素权重是评价系统在结构上的一种定量化约定，它表征了评价因素在评价结构上的相对重要性，是实现评价系统结构和功能相统一的关键。工作面地质条件开采工艺性评价采用了层次分析法（AHP）[5,6]确定出各因素权重。层次分析法是系统工程中对非定量事件作定量分析的一种简便方法，也是对人们的主观判断作客观描述的一种有效方法,在确定多因素权重方面,可减少主观性,更接近客观实际。其应用可分为五个步骤：建立层次模型；构造判断矩阵；层次单排序及其一致性检验；层次总排序；层次总排序的一致性检验。判断矩阵的确定是成功应用AHP法的关键。判断矩阵元素的值反映了人们对各因素相对重要性（或优劣、偏好、强度等）认识,一般采用1~9及其倒数的标度方法,如表1所示。采用以上步骤对济三煤矿工作面煤层地质条件多因素评价的判断矩阵见表2~表4所示。各因素权重计算结果如表5所示。表2表2A~B层判断矩阵表1判断矩阵标度及其含义标度含义1表示两个兀素相比，具有冋样重要性3表示两个兀素相比，一个因素比另一个因素稍微重要5表示两个兀素相比，一个因素比另一个因素明显重要7表示两个兀素相比，一个因素比另一个因素强烈重要9表示两个