英语语法第三讲-代词、it的用法和连词1课件

语法专题复习

第三讲代词、it的用法和连词语法专题复习第三讲代词、it的用主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves代词考点透析1．人称代词的主格、宾格、两种物主代词及反身代词主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouh人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格作宾语，形容词性物主代词作定语，即其后必须有一个名词，名词性物主代词在句中的作用相当于一个名词，可作主语、宾语、表语等，其后没有名词。反身代词在主语、宾语、表语后做这些成分的同位语，意为“亲自”、“亲眼”、“某某本人”。在语法填空中，这个知识点出现的频率相当高。如：ItwasJohnhimselfthatputhimintrouble.Youcanbelieveme.Isawitmyself.Mybagisbiggerthanyours.人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格作宾语，形容词性物主代词作2．one，ones，theone，that，those可以代替前面出现的名词以避免重复。one＝a＋名词单数，theone＝the＋名词单数，that＝the＋名词单数。ones，those代前面的名词复数，those＝the＋名词复数。one，ones前可以有形容词修饰。如：Idon'tlikethisskirt.Iliketheredone.I’mplanningtobuyahouse.I’dlikeonewithagarden.ThepopulationinGuangzhouisbiggerthanthatinChangsha.Iprefertheapplesinthebaskettothoseinthebox.2．one，ones，theone，that，those可3．none，nothing，nobody(noone)的区别。none既可指人，也可指物，且表特指概念，回答howmany、howmuch等问题；nobody(noone)只能指人，且表泛指概念，常回答who引起的问题；nothing只能指物，常回答what引起的问题。另外，noone后不带of`～短语，none后可带of～短语。3．none，nothing，nobody(noone)4．few，afew，quiteafew，many修饰可数名词，little，alittle，quitealittle，much修饰不可数名词。5．another泛指另一个，theother特指两个中的另一个，others泛指“其他”，后不带名词，other后带名词复数，theothers指特定范围中其他的人或物，后不带名词。Thiscoatdoesn'tfitme.Willyoushowmeanother?Thirtystudentsinourclassaregirls,andtheothersareboys.4．few，afew，quiteafew，many修饰6．注意下列句型：One...Theother...一个……另一个……Some...，others...，andstillothers...有的……有的……还有的……7．not与all，everybody，everyone，everything等连用，或“notevery＋名词”结构，都表示部分否定。如：Notallthestudentsagreewiththisopinion.并非每个学生都同意这个观点。Noteveryoneisinterestedinfootball.并不是每个人都对足球感兴趣。Alltheboysdon'tlikesmoking.不是每个男孩都喜欢吸烟。6．注意下列句型：it的用法考点透析一、代词it的用法以及它与one，that的辨析是高考题的热点，应掌握下面的要点。（1）it为特指,代单数可数名词,一般代替一个具体的事物,不带修饰成分。a.用作人称代词,代替前文提到的事物—What’sthis？—It’sapen.b.代替指示代词this,thatc.表示时间、天气、距离、季节、明暗等HowfarisittoNewYork？It’s400kilometers.it的用法考点透析（1）it为特指,代单数可数名词,一般（2）onea.泛指,代前面出现过的名词单数,避免重复。（用ones代替前面出现过的复数名词）。可用this/that/each/which及形容词修饰,也可与冠词连用,或带后置定语。如:Hehasnochild,andhewantstoadoptone.他没有孩子,想认养一个。b.作不定代词时,可以泛指人。意为;“一个人,一种人”。如:Oneshoulddoone’sduty.人人应该尽责。比较：Therewasapianointheshop,soIdecidedtobuyitatonce.(it特指上文出现的piano，与piano是同一事物)IwantedtobuyahouseandI’dlikeonewithagarden.(one=ahouse)（2）onea.泛指,代前面出现过的名词单数,避免重复。Therearemanygoodflatsforyoutochoose.Wouldyouliketobuyone?(one=aflat，one指manygoodflats中的一个)（3）that

代单数可数名词或代不可数名词,只可带后置定语。此处that只能代替物,不能代替人。those可指人，也可指物。在比较状语从句中,特指前面提到的同一类东西。ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing.北京的人口多于上海。Therearemanygoodflatsfor二、引导词it(1)it指时间时的重要句型a．Itis(high)time(that)主语＋shoulddo/didsth.Itis(high)timethatthisproblemwassolved.b．Itis...since...Itistwoyearssincehecametoworkinthiscity.c．Itbe...before...Itwillbethreeyearsbeforewecanmeetagain.二、引导词it(2)it可做引导词，在句中做形式主语、形式宾语。it做形式主语的常用句型

a．Itis/was＋adj.＋for/ofsb.todosth.Itwasdifficultforhertomovesoheavyabox.b．Itis/was＋adj.＋that...Itwasclearthathewaslyingtous.c．Itis＋v.～ed＋that...Itisreportedthatourteamhaswonthegoldmedal.(2)it可做引导词，在句中做形式主语、形式宾语。d．Itseems/appears/happensthat...Itseemedthathehadknownthetruth.ItsohappenedthatIwasstandingatthegatewhentheguestsarrived.e．Itmatters/doesn'tmatterthat/wheatherItmattersalotwhetherhewillagreetoourplan.f．Itisnouse/nogood/noharmdoingsth.It'snogoodarguingwithhim.d．Itseems/appears/happenstha(3)it做形式宾语的常用句型(S代主语，V代谓语动词)a．S＋V＋it＋adj./n.＋todosth.Weconsideritagreathonortobeabletohostthe2008OlympicGames.b．S＋V＋it＋adj./n.＋doingsth.Theyfinditnousesearchingtheemptyhouse.Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?c．主语＋谓语＋it＋that/when...Idon'tlikeitwhenyoushoutatme.(3)it做形式宾语的常用句型(S代主语，V代谓语动词)(4)强调句：Itis/was＋被强调成分＋who/that...如下列句子中可对四处划线部分进行强调。WesawTom

inthepark

yesterday.Itwaswewho/thatsawTomintheparkyesterday.(强调人，可用who或that)ItwasTomwhom/thatwesawintheparkyesterday.ItwasintheparkthatwesawTomyesterday.ItwasyesterdaythatwesawTominthepark.注意：1.Itis...that不能用来强调谓语动词，强调动词要用“do＋动词原形”。(4)强调句：Itis/was＋被强调成分＋who/tha如：Do

comeearlytomorrow.(明天一定要早点来)Thelittleboydid

workouttheproblem.(小男孩的确做出了那个题目)2．强调时间、地点、某个事物时都要用that，而不能用when、where、which。如：Docomeearlytomorrow.(明天一连词考点透析1．however另起新句，有逗号与句子隔开。but不需另起新句，while既表示对比，又表转折。Hewasill，buthestillkeptonworking.他病了，可他还是坚持工作。Whatshesaidsoundedreasonable，Mr.Green，however，didn'tbelieveher.

她说的有道理，然而，格林先生就是不信她。Thereisplentyofraininthesouthwhilethereislittleraininthenorth.南方多雨而北方少雨。连词考点透析2．because，since，as，for的用法(见模块复习)3．as.，when，while，since的用法(见复合句)4．Itis＋timebefore...(见复合句)Itwon'tbeamonthbeforewecanmeetagain.5．“一……就……”的多种表达方式assoonashardly...when...nosooner...than...scarcely...when...2．because，since，as，for的用法(见模块复immediately/instantlythemoment/theminute/thesecondHardlyhadheenteredthehallwhenitbegantorainheavily.他一走进大厅