2003年12月英语四级cet 4真题试卷及参

PartIListeningComprehension(20Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughtheYouwillYouwillAttheInthewaitingAttheInaFromtheconversationweknowthatthetwoweretalkingaboutsomeworktheyhadtofinishintheevening.Thisconversationismostlikelytohavetakenplaceattheoffice.Therefore,A)“Attheoffice”isthebestanswer.Youshouldchoose[A]ontheAnswerSheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.SampleAnswer[A][B][C]A)ThemancouldcomesometimeThesizethemanwantswillarriveThesizeoftheskirtisailrightfortheThemancouldbuyashirtofadifferentA)ThewomanisfilmingtheThewomanisrunningtowardtheThewomancan’ttakeaphotooftheThewomaniswatchinganexcitingfilmwiththeA)It’squietintheTherestaurantistoofarfromtheirThepriceishighintheTherestaurantservesgoodA)OnabusyInaHongKongAtanAtabookingA)ThewomanshouldconfirmherappointmentwiththeThewomanshouldhaveseenthedoctorThewoman’sheadachewillgoawaybyThewomanhasbeencomplainingtooA)PutoffhisappointmentwithMr.HelpmovethingstoMr.Johnson’sHelpthewomanmovetheHurrytoMr.Johnson’sA)Themandidn’tpracticehardThemanshouldfindanewThemanshouldnotgiveThemanshouldnotdreamofbeingaA)Itdoesn’tappealtoIt’sincrediblyShehasalreadytastedThereisnomoreA)ThemanisadiligentThemanhasbadstudyThemanhasmadeamessofhismidtermThemanisusuallythelasttohandinhistestA)ThemanhasfinishedMsThemaniswillingtohelptheThemanwilldrivethewomantoThemanislosingpatiencewiththeSection Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachyouwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions11to13arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)TheimportanceofgoodTheartofsayingthankThesecretofstayingThedifferencebetweeneleganceandgoodA)TheywerewillingtospendmoremoneyonTheypaidmoreattentiontotheirTheyweremoreawareofchangesinTheywerenicerandA)Byputtingonalittlemake-BydecoratingourBybeingkindandBywearingfashionablePassageQuestions14to16arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)Childrendon’tgetenougheducationinTheplaygroundsareinpoorTheplaygroundsareChildrenarekeenondangerousA)TheyshouldhelpmaintaintheTheyshouldteachtheirchildrenhowtousetheTheyshouldstoptheirchildrenfromclimbingTheyshouldkeepawatchfuleyeontheirA)TheycanbecreativewhentheyfeelTheymaypanicinfrontofhighplaygroundTheyshouldbeawareofthepotentialrisksintheTheytendtostaywithinshoutingorrunningdistanceoftheirPassageQuestions17to20arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)It’sadmiredIttakesItpaysIt’safull-timeA)AnoldladycarryingahandbagontheAmotherwithababyinherAwomanwhosebagishanginginAlonefemalewithahandbagatherrightA)AsidepocketofhisThetoppocketofhisAsidepocketofhisThebackpocketofhistightA)ClothingstoreswherepeoplearerelaxedandoffHotelsandrestaurantsinsoutheastAirportswherepeoplecarryalotofTheaterlobbieswithuniformedsecurityPartIIReadingComprehension(35Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthePassageQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingI’musuallyfairlyskepticalaboutanyresearchthatconcludesthatpeopleareeitherhappierorunhappierormoreorlesscertainofthemselvesthantheywere50yearsago.Whileanyofthesestatementsmightbetrue,theyarepracticallyimpossibletoprovescientifically.Still,Iwasstruckbyareportwhichconcludedthattoday’schildrenaresignificantlymoreanxiousthanchildreninthe1950s.Infact,theanalysisshowed,normalchildrenages9to17exhibitahigherlevelofanxietytodaythanchildrenwhoweretreatedformentalillness50yearsWhyareAmerica’skidssostressed?Thereportcitestwomaincauses:increasingphysicalisolation—broughtonbyhighdivorceratesandlessinvolvementincommunity,amongotherthings—andagrowingperceptionthattheworldisamoredangerousplace.Giventhatwecan’tturntheclockback,adultscanstilldoplentytohelpthenextgenerationcope.Atthetopofthelistisnurturing(培育)abetterappreciationofthelimitsofindividualism.Nochildisanisland.Strengtheningsocialtieshelpsbuildcommunitiesandprotectindividualsagainststress.Tohelpkidsbuildstrongerconnectionswithothers,youcanpulltheplugonTVsandcomputers.Yourfamilywillthankyoulater.Theywillhavemoretimeforface-to-facerelationships,andtheywillgetmoresleep.Limittheamountofvirtual(虚拟的)violenceyourchildrenareexposedto.It’snotjustvideogamesandmovies;childrenseealotofmurderandcrimeonthelocalnews.Keepyourexpectationsforyourchildrenreasonable.ManyhighlysuccessfulpeopleneverattendedHarvardorYale.Makeexercisepartofyourdailyroutine.Itwillhelpyoucopewithyourownanxietiesandprovideagoodmodelforyourkids.Sometimesanxietyisunavoidable.Butitdoesn’thavetoruinyourlife.Theauthorthinksthattheconclusionsofanyresearchaboutpeople’sstateofmind Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenhesays,“wecan’tturntheclockback”(Line1,Para.It’simpossibletoslowdownthepaceofThesocialrealitychildrenarefacingcannotbeLessonslearnedfromthepastshouldnotbeIt’simpossibletoforgettheAccordingtoananalysis,comparedwithnormalchildrentoday,childrentreatedasmentallyill50yearsago werelessisolatedwereprobablylessself-probablysufferedlessfromwereconsideredlessThefirstandmostimportantthingparentsshoulddotohelptheirchildren toprovidethemwithasafertolowertheirexpectationsfortogetthemmoreinvolvedtosetagoodmodelforthemtoWhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheAnxiety,thoughunavoidable,canbecopedChildren’sanxietyhasbeenenormouslyChildren’sanxietycanbeeliminatedwithmoreparentalAnxiety,ifproperlycontrolled,mayhelpchildrenbecomePassageQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingItiseasiertonegotiateinitialsalaryrequirementbecauseonceyouareinside,theorganizationalconstraints(约束influencewageincreases.Onethinghoweveriscertain:yourchancesofgettingtheraiseyoufeelyoudeservearelessifyoudon’tatleastaskforit.Mentendtoaskformore,andtheygetmore,andthisholdstruewithotherresources,notjustpayincreases.ConsiderBeth’sstory:IdidnotgetwhatIwantedwhenIdidnotaskforit.Wehadcubicle(小隔间officesandwindowoffices.Isatinthecubicleswithseveralmalecolleagues.OnebyonetheyweremovedintowindowofficeswhileIremainedinthecubicles,severalmaleswhowerehiredaftermealsowenttooffices.Oneinparticulartoldmehewasnextinlineforanofficeandthatithadbeenpartofhisnegotiationsforthejob.IguesstheythoughtmecontenttostayinthecubiclessinceIdidnotvoicemyopinioneitherway.Itwouldbeniceifweallreceivedautomaticpayincreasesequaltoourmerit,but“nice”isn’taqualityattributedtomostorganizations.Ifyoufeelyoudeserveasignificantraiseinpay,you’llprobablyhavetoaskforit.Performanceisyourbestbargainingchip(筹码)whenyouareseekingaraise.Youmustbeabletodemonstratethatyoudeservearaise.Timingisalsoagoodbargainingchip.Ifyoucangiveyourbosssomethingheorsheneedsanewclientorasizablecontractforexample)justbeforemeritpaydecisionsarebeingmade,youaremorelikelytogettheraiseyouwant.Useinformationasabargainingchiptoo.FindoutwhatyouareworthontheopenWhatwillsomeoneelsepayforyourGointothenegotiationspreparedtoplaceyourchipsonthetableattheappropriatetimeandpreparedtousecommunicationstyletoguidethedirectionoftheinteraction.Accordingtothepassage,beforetakingajob,aperson demonstratehisgivehisbossagoodaskforasmuchmoneyasheaskforthesalaryhehopestoWhatcanbeinferredfromBeth’sPrejudiceagainstwomenstillexistsinsomeIfpeoplewantwhattheydeserve,theyhavetoaskforPeopleshouldnotbecontentwithwhattheyhavePeopleshouldbecarefulwhennegotiatingforaWecanlearnfromthepassage unfairnessexistsinsalarymostpeopleareoverworkedandoneshouldavoidoverstatingone’smostorganizationsgivetheirstaffautomaticpayTogetapayraise,aperson advertisehimselfonthejobpersuadehisbosstosignalong-termtrytogetinsideinformationaboutthedosomethingtoimpresshisbossjustbeforemeritpayTobesuccessfulinnegotiations,one meethisbossattheappropriatearriveatthenegotiationtablebegoodatinfluencingtheoutcomeofthebefamiliarwithwhatthebosslikesandPassageQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingWhenfamiliesgatherforChristmasdinner,somewillsticktoformaltraditionsdatingbacktoGrandma’sgeneration.Theirtableswillbesetwiththegooddishesandsilver,andthedresscodewillbeSunday-best.Butinmanyotherhomes,thischina-and-silverelegancehasgivenwaytoastoneware(粗陶)-and-stainlessinformality,withdressesassuminganequallycasual-Fridaylook.Forhostsandguests,thechangemeansgreatersimplicityandcomfort.FormakersoffinechinainBritain,itspellseconomichardtimes.LastweekRoyalDoulton,thelargestemployerinStoke-on-Trent,announcedthatitiseliminating1,000jobs—one-fifthofitstotalworkforce.Thatbringstomorethan4,000thenumberofpositionslostin18monthsinthepottery(陶瓷)region.Wedgwoodandotherpotteryfactoriesmadecutsearlier.AlthoughastrongpoundandweakmarketsinAsiaplayaroleinthedownsizing,thelayoffsinStokehavetheirrootsinearthshakingsocialshifts.AspokesmanforRoyalDoultonadmittedthatthecompany“hasbeensomewhatslowincatchingupwiththetrend”towardcasualdining.Familieseattogetherlessoften,heexplained,andmorepeopleeatalone,eitherbecausetheyaresingleortheyeatinfrontoftelevision;Evendinnerparties,iftheyhappenatall,havegonecasual.Inatimeoflongworkhoursanddemandingfamilyschedules,busyhostsinsist,rightly,thatit’sbettertoshareatakeoutpizzaonpaperplatesinthefamilyroomthantowaitfortheperfectmomentora“real”dinnerparty.Toooften,theperfectmomentnevercomes.Ironafine-patternedtablecloth?Forgetit.Polishthesilver?Whohastime?Yetthelossofformalityhasitsdownside.Thefinepointsofetiquette(礼节)thatchildrenmightoncehavelearnedatthetablebyobservationorinstructionfromparentsandgrandparents(“Chewwithyourmouthclosed.”“Keepyourelbowsoffthetable.”)mustbepickedupelsewhere.Somecompaniesnowofferetiquetteseminarsforemployeeswhomaybecompetentprofessionallybutcluelesssocially.Thetrendtowardcasualdininghasresulted bankruptcyoffinechinashrinkingofthepotteryrestructuringoflargeeconomicrecessioninGreatWhichofthefollowingmaybethebestreasonforcasualFamilymembersneedmoretimetoBusyschedulesleavepeoplenotimeforPeoplewanttopracticeeconomyintimesofYoungpeoplewon’tfollowtheetiquetteoftheolderItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatRoyalDoulton aretailerofstainlesssteeladealerinapotterychainaproduceroffineThemaincauseofthelayoffsinthepotteryindustry theincreasedvalueofthetheeconomicrecessioninthechangeinpeople’swayofthefiercecompetitionathomeandRefinedtablemanners,thoughlesspopularthanbeforeincurrentsocial arestillamustoncertainaxeboundtoreturnsoonerorarestillbeingtaughtbyparentsatcanhelpimprovepersonalPassageQuestions36to40arebasedonthefollowingSomehousesaredesignedtobesmart.Othershavesmartdesigns.AnexampleoftheLocatedontheshoreofSullivan’sIslandoffthecoastofSouthCarolina,theaward-winningcube-shapedbeachhousewasbuilttoreplaceonesmashedtopiecesbyHurricane(飓风)Hugo10yearsago.InSeptember1989,HugostruckSouthCarolina,killing18peopleanddamagingordestroying36,000homesinthestate.BeforeHugo,manynewhousesbuiltalongSouthCarolina’sshorelinewerepoorlyconstructed,andenforcementofbuildingcodeswasn’tstrict,accordingtoarchitectRayHuff,whocreatedthecleverly-designedbeachhouse.InHugo’swake,allnewshorelinehousesarerequiredtomeetstricter,better-enforcedcodes.ThenewbeachhouseonSullivan’sIslandshouldbeabletowithstandaCategory3hurricanewithpeakwindsof179to209kilometersperhour.Atfirstsight,thehouseonSullivan’sIslandlooksanythingbuthurricane-proof.Itsredwoodshellmakesitresemble“alargepartylantern(灯笼)”atnight,accordingtooneobserver.Butlookscanbedeceiving.Thehouse’swoodenframeisreinforcedwithlongsteelrodstogiveitextrastrength.Tofurtherprotectthehousefromhurricanedamage,Huffraisedit2.7metersoffthegroundontimberpilings—long,slendercolumnsofwoodanchoreddeepinthesand.Pilingsmightappearinsecure,buttheyarestrongenoughtosupporttheweightofthehouse.Theyalsoelevatethehouseabovestormsurges.Thepilingsallowthesurgestorununderthehouseinsteadofrunningintoit.“Theseswellsofwatercomeashoreattremendousspeedsandcausemostofthedamagedonetobeach-frontbuildings,”saidHuff.Huffdesignedthetimberpilingstobepartiallyconcealedbythehouse’sground-to-roofshell.“Theshellmasksthepilingssothatthehousedoesn’tlooklikeit’sstandingwithitspantlegspulledup,”saidHuff.Intheeventofastormsurge,theshellshouldbreakapartandletthewavesrushunderthehouse,thearchitectexplained.AfterthetragedycausedbyHurricaneHugo,newhousesbuiltalongSouthCarolina’sshorelinearerequired tobeeasilytolooksmarterintomeetstricterbuildingtobedesignedintheshapeofTheaward-winningbeachhouseisquitestrong itisstrengthenedbysteelitismadeofitisintheshapeofaitisbuiltwithtimberand withstandpeakwindsofabout200anchorstrongerpilingsdeepinthebreakhugeseawavesintosmallerpreventwaterfromrushingintotheThemainfunctionoftheshell tostrengthenthepilingsofthetogivethehouseabettertoprotectthewoodenframeofthetoslowdownthespeedoftheswellingItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheshellshould fancy-easilyextremelyPartIIIVocabulary(20Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Heaskedus themincarryingthroughtheirAgoodmanyproposalswereraisedbythe wastobeHewassucha speakerthatheheldourattentioneveryminuteofthethree-hourlecture.Arrivinghome,theboytoldhisparentsaboutallthe whichoccurredinhisTheopeningbetweentherockswasverynarrow,buttheboysmanagedtoTheyaretrying thewastedischargedbythefactoryforThemanagerurgedhisstaffnot thesplendidIadmireDavidasapoet,IdonotlikehimasaMuchOnlyIfAsBecauseofa engagement,Loracouldn’tattendmybirthdaypartylastThecontinuous theharvestingofthewheatcropbytwosetsetsetsetNothavingagoodcommandofEnglishcanbeaserious preventingyoufromachievingyourgoals.It’s ofyounottotalkaloudwhilethebabyisManyaplayerwhohadbeenhighlythoughtof fromthetennisShe’sfainted.Throwsomewateronherfaceand comecomecomecomeAlltheirattempts thechildfromtheburningbuildingwereinComputertechnology arevolutioninbusinessbringbringbringbringTheuniversityhaslaunchedaresearchcentertodevelopnewwaysofbacteriawhichhavebecomeresistanttodrugtreatments. goalofthebookistohelpbridgethegapbetweenresearchandteaching,particularlythegapbetweenresearchersandteachers.Therapiddevelopmentofcommunicationstechnologyistransformingtheinwhichpeoplecommunicateacrosstimeandspace.WhenIgooutintheeveningIusethe thecarifIratherregardlessinspiteotherThereisno evidencethatpeoplecancontroltheirdreams,atleastinexperimentalsituationsinalab.Everyculturehasdeveloped forcertainkindsoffoodanddrink,andequallystrongnegativeattitudestowardothers.ItisreportedthatUruguayunderstands ChinaonhumanrightsOnlyafewpeople tothefullfactsoftheHis whenhetriedtojumpovertheSofar, windsandcurrentshavekeptthethickpatchofoilsoutheastoftheAtlanticcoast.Theauthorwasrequiredtosubmitan ofabout200wordstogetherwithhisresearchpaper.Astheoldempireswerebrokenupandnewstateswereformed,newofficialtonguesbeganto atanincreasingrate.bringbuildspringstrikeManypatientsinsistonhavingwatcheswiththeminhospital, schedulestokeep.evenasSomeplantsare tolight;theypreferthePartIVCloze(15 Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearechoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.It’sanannualback-to-schoolroutine.Onemorningyouwavegoodbye,and71eveningyou’reburningthelate-nightoilinsympathy.Intheracetoimproveeducationalstandards,72arethrowingthebooksatkids.73elementaryschoolst