广东高考英语阅读理解考点突破-最佳标题

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Let’sconquerEnglish第一页第二页，共33页。第二页第三页，共33页。最佳标题（Besttitle）该题型考查考生对文章的主题、标题、中心思想的理解程度及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。常见题型为最佳标题（title）或中心思想（mainidea）。做这类题时常用跳读法。快速阅读文章找出各个段落的主题句，然后把各个段落的主题句联系起来，着眼于全文结构安排了解文章的重心，这样就能概括出文章的中心。第三页第四页，共33页。通常情况下主题句在文中的位置:

说明文议论文记叙文在开头√（较常见）√√在结尾√（较少见）√√在中间√中心贯穿全文√（较常见）第四页第五页，共33页。

干扰项的陷阱

文章的标题是中心思想最精练的表达形式，1.选择的标题意义范围要能涵盖全文，不能太大，也不能太小2.命题者在出此类题时，往往利用生活常识编造干扰项，3.把文中的细节当主旨或只言片语，利用局部信息编造干扰项，4.编制超出文章范围的标题或不能涵盖文章中心思想的标题来考查学生的理解程度。对选择标题类题，若遇到实在拿不太准的情况，不妨自己思考一下：“如果是我写这个题目，我会怎样写？”

第五页第六页，共33页。解题的小窍门：1.正确选项常含有抽象名词或概括性词语。2.正确的选项一般不出现细节信息，不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词。3.那些概括全文、内容全面、含义深刻、说明道理的选项往往有一个正确答案。4.四个选项中，内容相近或完全相反的两个选项中往往有一个正确答案。5.干扰项特点：A:概括范围太窄，只含局部信息。B:概括范围太宽，所表达的内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容。C:无关信息：即文章中未提到、或找不到语言依据的信息。第六页第七页，共33页。解题技巧点拨1.段落中出现转折时，该句可能是主题句。2.作者有意识的重复的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。3.提出文章的主旨时常伴有文字提示，如：therefore,thus,but,however,infact,inshort等等。4.首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答就是文章的主旨。方法：跳读法（skimming）寻找title,mainidea.第七页第八页，共33页。

Whenitcomestofriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness,whopossesswingsoftheirownandwhowillflywithme.Iseekfriendswhosequalitiesilluminate（照亮）meandtrainmeupforlove.ItisforthesepeoplethatIreservetheglowinghours,toogoodnottoshare.WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,Ihadafriend.---WhenIlivedforatimeinLondon,Ihadafriend,---ForalmostfouryearsIhavehadremarkablefriendwhoseimaginationilluminatesmine.---ItissuchcomfortingcompanionsIwishtokeep.Onebrighthourwiththeirkindisworthmoretomethanthelifetimeservicesofapsychologist（心理学家），whowillonlyfillupthehealing（愈合的）silencenecessarytothosedarkestmomentsinwhichIwouldratherbemyownbestfriend.第八页第九页，共33页。

Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.UnforgettableExperiencesB.RemarkableImaginationC.LifelongFriendshipD.NobleCompanions

第九页第十页，共33页。阅读下列短文或选段,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项。(1)[2009湖北卷]WhenIwassevenmyfathergavemeaTimex,myfirstwatch.Ilovedit,woreitforyears,andhaven’thadanotheronesinceitstoppedtickingadecadeago.Why?BecauseIdon’tneedone.IhaveamobilephoneandI’malwaysnearsomeonewithaniPodorsomethinglikethat.Allthesedevices(装置)tellthetime----whichiswhy,ifyoulookaround,you’llseelotsofemptywrists;salesofwatchestoyoungadultshavebeengoingdownsince2007.考点击破第十页第十一页，共33页。Butwhilethewisehaverealizedthattheydon’tneedthem,others----apparentlyincludingsomedistinguishedmenofourtime----arespendingtotalfortunesonthem.BrandssuchasRolex,PatekPhilippeandBreitlingcommandshockingprices,upto£250,000forapiece.…Butthesedaysallwatchestellthetimeaswellasallotherwatches.…Sowhypaythatmuchoffiveyears’schoolfeesforwatchesthatallowyoutodothesethings?Watchesarenowclassifiedas“investments”(投资).A1994Philipperecentlysoldfornearly£350,000,while1960sRolexeshavegonefrom£15,000to£30,000plusinayear.Butawatchisnotaninvestment.It’saamatteroffashion.Butwhenfashionmoveson,theownerofthat£350,000beautywillsuddenlyfindhisprideandjoyisnomoreagoodinvestmentthanmychildhoodTimex.第十一页第十二页，共33页。64.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TimexorRolex? B.MyChildhoodTimexC.Watches?NotforMe! D.Watches----aValuableCollection(1)C。根据寻找主题句的第(3)个小窍门“首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨”可知Why?后面的便是主题句，与此相符的只有选项C正确。第十二页第十三页，共33页。(2)[2009福建卷]Wealreadyknowthefastest,leastexpensivewaytoslowclimatechange:Uselessenergy.Withalittleeffort,andnotmuchmoney,mostofuscouldreduceourenergydietsby25percentormore—doingtheEarthafavorwhilealsohelpingourwallets.…Scientistshavereportedrecentlythattheworldisheatingupevenfasterthanpredictedonlyafewyearsago,andthattheconsequencescouldbesevereifwedon’tkeepreducingemissions（排放）ofcarbondioxide（CO2）andothergreenhousegasesthataretrappingheatinouratmosphere.第十三页第十四页，共33页。Wedecidedtotryanexperiment.ForonemonthwerecordedourpersonalemissionsofCO2..Wewantedtoseehowmuchwecouldcutback,sowewentonastrictdiet.TheaverageUShousehold(家庭)producesabout150poundsofCO2adaybydoingcommon-placethingsliketurningonair-conditioningordrivingcars.That’smorethantwicetheEuropeanaverageandalmostfivetimestheglobalaverage,mostlybecauseAmericansdrivemoreandhavebiggerhouses.Buthowmuchshouldwetrytoreduce?第十四页第十五页，共33页。…“Tostaybelowthatpoint,weneedtoreduceCO2emissionsby80percent,”hesaid.Goodadvice,Ithought.We’dgottensousedtokeepingourair-conditioninggoingaroundtheclock.I’dalmostforgottenthewindowsevenopened.Weshouldnotletthishappenagain.It’stimeforustochangeourhabitsifnecessary.

79.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.SavingEnergyStartsatHome B.ChangingOurHabitsBeginsatWorkC.ChangingClimateSoundsReasonable D.ReducingEmissionsofCO2ProvesDifficult(2)A。由第一段基本可以判断出答案了，再结合全文内容，及最后一句可知，改变家庭生活习惯便可节能减排。第十五页第十六页，共33页。Onhearingthewords“Justdoit!”,youwillknowthereisaNikeproductnearby.Ifit’s“AlwaysCoca-cola”,youcanbesuresomeonewantstosellyouarefreshingdrink.Anadvertisingsloganistobrandwhateyesaretoaperson.Thesloganhelpspeopleunderstandthebrandbetterbytellingthemwhatitwantstoselltoitscustomers.Goodslogansleaveamessageinpeople’sminds.It’salmostcertainthateverybrandhasapopularslogan.“Justdoit!”–asloganthatspeaksouttoteens.Ittellsthemtodosomething,butonlyiftheythinkit’sworthit.Andifso,whynotdoitwearingNike?第十六页第十七页，共33页。Question:

Whatwouldbebesttitleforthetext?A.JustDoIt!B.SloganandBrandC.FamousSlogansD.WhatIsaGoodSlogan?第十七页第十八页，共33页。Atlanta,GA,June20,2008—ScientistsbelievetheyhavefoundiceonMars.ThePhoenixMarsLandershowedbitsofwhatappearedtobeicewhilediggingatrench(沟)neartheMartianNorthPole.Piecesofbrightmaterialphotographedinthetrenchlaterdisappeared,meaningtheyarelikelytohavebeenfrozenwaterthatvaporized(蒸发)afterbeinguncovered.TheNASA’sinvestigator(调查员)PeterSmith,oftheUniversityofArizona,said,“Theselittlepiecescompletelydisappearedoverthecourseofafewdays,whichclearlymakesusbelievethatit’sice.Therehadbeensomequestionwhetherthebrightmaterialwassalt.Saltcan’tdothat.”第十八页第十九页，共33页。ThePhoenixMarsLanderisstudyingwhetherthearcticareaoftheRedPlanetcouldbelivedin.It’susingitsroboticarmtodigupsomesoilandscientistshavebeenhopingitwillfindfrozenwater.Question:Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe___.A.PhoenixMarsLanderB.LiveonMarsC.PhoenixMarsLanderdiscovers“ice”D.Agreatstepintoouterspace 第十九页第二十页，共33页。

Shoppingisnotassimpleasyoumaythink!Thereareallsortsoftricksatplayeachtimewereachoutforthatparticularbrandofproductontheshelf.Coloring,forexample,variesaccordingtowhattheproducersaretryingtosell.Healthfoodsarepackagedingreens,yellowsorbrownsbecausewethinkoftheseashealthycolors.Icecreampacketsareoftenblueandexpensivegoods,likechocolates,aregoldorsilver.Thesizeofaproductcanattractashopper.Butquiteoftenabottledoesn’tcontainasmuchasit第二十页第二十一页，共33页。

appearsto.Itisbelievedthatthebetter-knowncompaniesspend,onaverage,70percentofthetotalcostoftheproductitselfonpackaging!(04广东)Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.ChoiceofGoodProductsB.DisadvantagesofProductsC.EffectofPackagingonShoppingD.BrandNamesandShoppingTricks第二十一页第二十二页，共33页。

Areyousometimesalittletiredandsleepyintheearlyafternoon?Manypeoplefeelthiswayafterlunch.Theymaythinkthateatinglunchisthecauseofthesleepiness.Orinsummer,theymaythinkitistheheat.However,therealreasonliesinsidetheirbodies.Atthattime-abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup-yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdownandfeelsleepy.Scientistshavetestedsleephabitsinexperimentswheretherewasnonightorday.Thepeopleintheseexperimentalmostalwaysfollowedasimilarsleepingpattern.Theysleptforonelongperiodandthenforoneshortperiodabouteighthourslater.(四川)第二十二页第二十三页，共33页。Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.JustforaRestB.AllforanapC.ASpecialSleeppatternD.TakingnapsinWarmerClimate第二十三页第二十四页，共33页。Differentculturesemphasizetheimportanceofrelationshipbuildingtoagreaterorlesserdegree.Forexample,businessinsomecountriesisnotpossibleuntilthereisarelationshipoftrust.Talkandsilencemayalsobedifferentinsomecultures.IoncemadeaspeechinThailand.Ihadexpectedmyspeechtobeasuccessandstartalivingdiscussion;insteadtherewasanuncomfortablesilence.Inmyownculture,weexpressmeaningmainlythroughwords,butpeopletheresometimesfeeltoomanywordsareunnecessary.EvenwithinNorthernEurope,culturaldifferencescancauseseriousproblems.Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavedifferentvalues,andsometimesthesevaluesarequiteagainsteachother----(安徽)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MulticulturalEnvironmentB.Cross-CulturalDifferencesC.HowtoUnderstandEachOtherD.HowtoBuildupaRelationship第二十四页第二十五页，共33页。

Doyouwanttolivewithastrongsenseofpeacefulness,happiness,goodness,andself-respect?Thecollectionofhappinessactionsbroadlycategorizedas“honor”helpyoucreatethislifeofgoodfeelings.Here’sanexampletoshowhowhonorableactionscreatehappiness.---Thereisabeautifulpositivecyclethatiscreatedbylivingalifeofhonorableactions.Honorablethoughtsleadtohonorableactions.Honorableactionsleadustoahappierexistence.Andit’s第二十五页第二十六页，共33页。

easytothinkandacthonorableagainwhenwe’rehappy.Whilethepositivecyclecanbedifferenttostart,onceit’sstarted,it’seasytocontinue.Keepingondoinggooddeedsbringsuspeaceofmind,whichisimportantforourhappiness.(07广东)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.HowtoLiveTruthfullyB.ImportanceofPeacefulnessC.WaysofGainingSelf-respectD.HappinessthroughHonorableActions第二十六页第二十七页，共33页。

OneAugustafternoon,RichardAllendroppedoffhislastpassenger,Mrs.Carey.Liftingtwogrocerybags,hefollowedheracrosstheyardandstoodonthestepofherhouse.Glancingup,hesawalargewasp’s（黄蜂）nestundertheroof----Shesteppedquicklyinside.Allenranforhisminibus.Toolate;Ashewasdrivingdowntheroad,Allenfeltasifsomethingwasburningatthebackofhisneck,andthe“fire”wasspreadingforwardtowardhisface----Milesfromthenearestmedicalassistance,Allenbegantofeelhistonguethickandheavyandhisheartbeat---Rushingdownthemountain,Allentriednottopanic,focusinghismindoneachsharp------Holdon,Allenthought.Keepyoureyesopen.Breathe.Keepawake.Atlasthereachedthestation.Twofiremenranout.Allenfelttheirhandsgrasphimbeforehehittheground.Youmadeit,hethought.第二十七页第二十八页，共33页。

Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Allen,AHelplessDriverB.Wasps,BloodyKillersC.ARaceAgainstDeathD.WarAgainstWasps第二十八页第二十九页，共33页。6

①Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdi