自考英语2课件Unit3TextB

Unit3FriendshipandLoyalty1TextBATributetotheDog2Topic-relatedDiscussion1.Whydomanypeoplechoosetokeepdogsaspetsinsteadofotheranimals?Let’sTalk2.WhydoyouthinkagrowingnumberofChinese,especiallytheelderly,prefertokeeppets?3TributeI'dliketopaytributeto(=praiseandadmirepublicly)theworkersforalltheirhardwork.IpaytributetohimforhissupportforthePeaceTrain.Wemustgive

tribute

toallthosewhohelpedmakethisafreecountry.他赞扬了组委会。Hepaidtributetotheorganisingcommittee.4Turnagainstturn(somebody)againstsomebody/somethingtostoplikingorsupportingsomeoneorsomething,ortomakesomeonedothis:Manypeoplehadturnedagainstthewar.Davefeltshewasdeliberatelyturningthekidsagainsthim.连那些原来支持他的人也开始反对他了。Eventhosewhowereonceforhimbegantoturnagainsthim.5RearIt'sagoodplacetorearyoungchildren.Mostfarmersinthisarea

rear

sheep.她母亲因癌症去世,她姨妈将她抚养大。Hermotherdiedofcancerandheraunt

rears

her.

61.raise是非正式用语,英式英语中指“养动植物”,美式英语中指“抚养人”。2.rear在英式英语中指“抚养人”,在美式英语中指“养动植物”,既指“从小养到大”,也指“教养”,是正式用语。例如:Themotherrearedherchildrenwisely.Shelikesrearingbirds.3.bringup是动词短语,作“抚养”解时无语体之分,侧重于童年时期的“精心教养”。Thewomanbroughtupfourchildrenalone.Hewasbroughtuptobelievethatmoneyisthemostimportantthinginlife.4.growup的意思是“成长”,侧重于“达到成熟阶段”。例如:Thisbushhasgrownupalotinthelastfewmonths.

Janeisgrowingupsofast,Ithinkshe'sgoingtobeatallwoman.7UngratefulIamnotpreparedtogotojailforthatungratefulwoman!--gratefulfeelingthatyouwanttothanksomeonebecauseofsomethingkindthattheyhavedone,orshowingthisfeeling[≠ungrateful]gratefulfor I'msogratefulforallyourhelp.gratefulto

Iamverygratefultoallthosewhotookthetroubletowritetome.8Trustwithtrustsomebodywithsomethingtoletsomeonehavesomethingorhavecontroloversomething,believingthattheywillbecarefulwithit:Iwouldn'ttrusthimwiththekeys.I'dtrustherwithmylife.9Goodnamethegoodopinionthatpeoplehaveofsomeoneorsomething[=reputation]goodnameof Itthreatenedtodamagethegoodnameofthefirm.10Traitortraitorto

atraitortothecauseofwomen'srightsapoliticianwhoturnedtraitor(=becameatraitor)tothegovernment那个罪大恶极的叛徒被判处死刑。Theinfamous

traitor

wassentencedtodeath.

11FaithIstillhavefaithinhim.Theexperiencegaveme

faith

thatpeoplecanchange.

你跟我讲的这番话使我对人性的信念破灭了。Whatyoutellmeshattersmy

faith

inhumannature.--faithfulAfaithfulfriendourfaithfulfamilydog,BogeyDoyouthinkBob'salwaysbeenfaithfultoyou?--unfaithfulGeoffhadbeenunfaithfultoheronmanyoccasions.--faithfully12Reputationreputationfor JudgeKelso has areputationforbeingstrictbutfair.reputationas Inherlastjobsheacquiredareputationasatroublemaker.agood/badreputation ahotelwithagoodreputationforitsfood这家商店因公平交易而获好名声Thisstorehasanexcellent

reputation

forfairdealing.13Ill-considereddecisions,actions,ideasetcthatareill-consideredhavenotbeencarefullythoughtabout:Thetaxreformsareill-considered.14Pronepronetodosomething Kidsareallpronetoeatjunkfood.Childrenofpoorhealthareverypronetocoldsinwinter.人们疲劳时更容易出差错。Peoplearemore

prone

tomakemistakeswhentheyaretired.

15Malice16Doushonordosomebodythehonourofdoingsomething(=makesomeoneproudandhappybydoingsomethingforthem)17Malicewithmalice Hiseyesgleamedwithmalice.sheer/puremalice Shediditoutofsheermalice.我知道你对我毫无恶意Iknowyoubearno

malice

towardsme.18Settleifdust,snowetcsettles,itcomesdownandstaysinoneplacesettleon Snowsettledontheroofs.Agreatinsectwentnoisilybyand

settled

nearhisfoot.

灰尘落得到处都是Dusthas

settled

everywhere.

19AbsoluteWeneedabsoluteproofthathetookthemoney.Theshowwasanabsolutedisasterthefirstnight.他们信誓旦旦地保证将对此绝对保密。Theyhadgivenanabsoluteassurancethatitwouldbekeptsecret.--absolutelyAreyouabsolutelysure?Thiscakeisabsolutelydelicious.20UnselfishSheisanoutgoing,unselfish,andlovingperson.一个自私的人总是想着自己。A

selfish

personalwaysthinksabouthimself.

--selfishHowcanyoubesoselfish?selfishbehaviour21Desert[=abandon]:Helenwasdesertedbyherhusband.Thepricerisecausedmanyreaderstodesertthemagazine.他变得粗暴无礼,所以朋友们都不和他来往了Hehasbecomesorudethathisfriendsare

deserting

him.

22Treacherousaslyandtreacherouswomanatreacherousplottooverthrowtheleader23standbysomebodytostayloyaltosomeoneandsupportthem,especiallyinadifficultsituation:Hiswifestoodbyhimduringhisyearsinprison.24Prosperityatimeofeconomicprosperityprosperityof thefutureprosperityofthecountry帝国经过全盛以后逐渐衰落。Theempirewasonthewaneafteritsperiodof

prosperity.

--prosperousrichandsuccessful:aprosperouslandownerAfterthewar,GermanybecameoneofEurope'smostprosperouscountries.25PovertyMillionsofelderlypeopleliveinpoverty.Weneedaneffectivestrategytofightpoverty.26Sicknessaninsurancepolicyagainstlong-termsicknessandinjuryworkingdayslostduetosickness在52年的工作中他仅病过一周。Infifty-twoyearsofworkinghehadoneweekofsickness.--sickMariacan'tcomeintodaybecauseshe'ssick.asickchild27Wintryawintrydaywintryshowerswintrywind他画了一幅冬天景色的画Hedrewapictureof

wintry

scene.

28Driveifrain,snow,windetcdrivessomewhere,itmovesveryquicklyinthatdirection:Therainwasdrivingdownhard.雨敲打着窗户。Raindroveagainstthewindow.29FiercelyIcanfeelmyheartisbeating

fiercely.

--fierceafiercewindItwasoneoftheregion'sfierceststormsinyears.30LickThedogjumpedupandlickedherface.licksomethingupThekitty

licked

upthemilk.licksomethingoffsomething Helickedthedropsoffhisupperlip.31SoreTheywerestarvingandcoveredwithsores.那只可怜的狗满身全是伤。Thepoordogwascoveredwith

sores32WoundIttookseveralmonthsforhiswoundstoheal.Anursecleanedandbandagedthewound.我希望她感情上的创伤能随时间的流逝而治愈。Ihopeheremotional

wound

willhealwiththepassingoftime.

33Encounterencounterwith

achild'sfirstencounterwithbooksIhadafrighteningencounterwithapoisonoussnake.34RoughnessHesurvivedtheroughnessoftheSecondWorldWar.--rougharoughperiodisoneinwhichyouhavealotofproblemsordifficultiesSoundslikeyouhadaroughday.We'vebeenthroughsomeroughtimestogether.35Guardtoprotectaperson,place,orobjectbystayingnearthemandwatchingthem:TheSergeanttoldSwifttoguardtheentrance.alionessguardinghercubs36takewingtoflyawayThelovethatteachersgivestudentscanmaketheirhopestakewings.37Reputationtheopinionthatpeoplehaveaboutsomeoneorsomethingbecauseofwhathashappenedinthepastreputationfor JudgeKelsohasareputationforbeingstrictbutfair.agood/badreputation ahotelwithagoodreputationforitsfood38Falltopiecestobreakintomanypieces[=fallapart]:Thebookhadbeenwellusedandfinallyfelltopieces.Thefamilyisfallingtopieces.Theeconomyisfallingtopieces.39Constantloyalandfaithful:aconstantfriend在我们这个世界上似乎没有东西是永恒不变的。Inourworldnothingseemsconstant.--inconstantunfaithfulinloveorfriendshipaninconstantandunreliablefriend40JourneyespeciallyBritishEnglish atimespenttravellingfromoneplacetoanother,especiallyoveralongdistance[=tripAmericanEnglish]journeyto/from/between myjourneytoChinaourjourneyacrossEuropeWearegoingonajourneytoastrangecountry.41Heaventheheavens :(literary) theskyHelookeduptowardstheheavens.Justthen,theheavensopened(=itstartedtorainheavily).42Fortunethegoodorbadthingsthathappeninlife:adownturninthecompany'sfortunesThisdefeatmarkedachangeintheteam'sfortunes.43OutcastSmokersoftenfeelasthoughtheyarebeingtreatedassocialoutcasts.不过，他那个时代的其它艺术家都认为他是个被社会所排斥的人However,hewasconsideredan

outcast

byotherartistsofhistime.

44FriendlessThereIwasalwayseffortlesslytopoftheclassandalmosttotallyfriendless.45HomelessThousandsofpeoplehavebeen madehomeless.Theearthquakeleftthousandsofpeoplehomeless.Thereisasystemofsheltersforhomelesspeople.46FaithfulAfaithfulfriendyearsof faithfulservice tothecompanyourfaithfulfamilydog,Bogeyafaithfulmemberofthechurchfaithfulto Heremainedfaithfultohisprinciplestothelast.47PrivilegeHehadnospecialprivilegesandwastreatedjustlikeeveryotherprisoner.privilegeof

theprivilegeofagoodeducation我有会见王后的特权。Ihadthe

privilege

ofmeetingthequeen.--privilegedStudentsfromaprivilegedbackgroundhaveanadvantageatuniversity.Onlytheprivilegedfewcanaffordprivateeducation.48AccompanyChildrenunder14mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.Whereverherhusbandwent,shewouldaccompanyhim.49Guardagainstguardsomebody/somethingagainstsomething Thereisnoonetoguardtheseisolatedfarmsagainstattack.50Sceneasinglepieceofactionthathappensinoneplaceinafilm,booketc:battlescenesThefilmcontainssomeviolentscenes.51Embraceinanembrace

Theyheldeachotherinatenderembrace.Heheldhertohiminawarmembrace.52PursueSheplansto pursueacareerinpolitics.Studentsshouldpursuetheirown interests,aswellasdotheirschoolwork.pursueagoal/aim/objectiveetc companiesthatpursuethetraditionalgoalofprofits53AlertTheanimalraiseditshead,suddenlyalert.Takingnotesisoneofthebestwaystostayalertinlectures.他决定从现在起要更提高警惕了Hedecidedhewouldstaymore

alert

fromnowon.

54WatchfulnessYourwatchfulnessaloneoughttobeenoughtomakepeoplebackoff.单凭你的警惕性就足够使别人保持距离。--watchfulHiseyeswerewatchful.Keepawatchfuleyeonelderlyresidents.55KeyPhrasesTurnagainstTrustwithBepronetoFallonone’skneesDoone’shonorThrowthestoneofmaliceStandbyInprosperityInpovertyInhealthInsicknessTakewingsFalltopiecesTake…inembrace56WritingFaultyParallelism57Twoverycommontypesoferrorincoordination1)TheuseofandwhoandandwhichconstructionNeveruseandwhoandandwhichclausesunlesstheyareprecededbywhoorwhichclauses2)Theuseofcorrelativeconjunctionseither…or;neither…nor;notonly…butalso;both…and5859

Faultyparallelconstruction

Swimmingandtoplaythepianowereherhobbies.Swimmingandplayingthepianowereherhobbies.Shelikestowatchtelevisionandlisteningtomusic.ShelikestowatchtelevisionandtolistentomusicShelikeswatchingtelevisionandlisteningtomusic.Jamesisamanofgreatcreativityandwhoisconsiderate.Jamesisamanofgreatcreativityandconsideration.59MisplacedModifiers6061Hetouchedwithhishandtheball.Hetouchedtheballwithhishand.Themonkeysamusedthepeopleinthecagesatthezoo.Themonkeysinthecagesamusedthepeopleatthezoo.Igotyourlettersayingthatyouwantedtoquitschooltodobusinessinacoastalcitythismorning.Thismorning,Igotyourlettersayingthatyouwantedtoquitschooltodobusinessinacoastalcity.61onlyjustalmostnearlyOnlythePresidentcouldauthorizetheuseoftheatomicbomb.Thecouplehadbeendatingforalmostthreeyears.It'snotjustafinancialmatter.Goldsworthstaredatmeinsilencefornearlytwentyseconds.62DanglingModifiers63Adanglingmodifierdescribessththatisn’teveninyoursentence.Itisawordorphrasethatmodifiesawordnotclearlystatedinthesentence.64Attheageoften,mygrandfatherdied.WhenIwasten,mygrandfatherdied.Todowellincollege,goodgradesareessential.Todowellincollege,astudentneedsgoodgrades.65Havingfinisheddinner,thefootballgamewasturnedon.Havingfinisheddinner,Joeturnedonthefootballgame.

66Danglingmodifierscanberepairedby:placingthesubjectofthemodificationphraseasthesubjectoftheindependentclause: Havingfinisheddinner,Joeturnedonthefootballgame.placingthesubjectoftheactionwithinthedanglingphrase:

AfterJoefinisheddinner,heturnedonthefootballgame.67Howmightyoucorrectthefollowingsentence? Playingsolitaireonthecomputerforthreehours,Michael’spaperwasnotcompleted.

Better:Playingsolitaireonthecomputerforthreehours,

Michael

didnotcompletehispaper.

Better:Because

Michael

pl