unit 2 重点词汇语法

Unit2MythsandLegendsTextStructure:Introduction(Para.1)Ekwefi,thefavoriteandmostskillfulstoryteller,toldfolkstories.Whythetortoise’sshellisnotsmooth(Para.2-21)Allthebirdswereinvitedtoafeastinthesky.(Para.2)B.Tortoiseplannedhowhewouldgototheskywithallthebirds.(Para.3)C.Tortoisemadeallthebirdsagreethathewasachangedman,andtheyallgavehimafeather,withwhichhemadetwosplendidlycolorfulwings.(Para.4-8)D.Tortoise’sselfishwordsanddeedsatthefeastinthesky.(Para.9-16)Thebirds’revengeandTortoise’sresult.(Para.17-21)SentenceStudy:Hisbodyrattledlikeadrystickinhisemptyshell.(Line13)他的身体就像一段枯柴棍在空荡荡的躯壳里咔咔作响。本句采用了明喻的修辞手法，非常形象地说明了乌龟饥饿的程度。like是介词，表示“像……一样”，是这个比喻句的比喻词，hisbody是本体，adrystick是喻体。明喻（simile）就是两个不同类对象之间的相似点进行比喻。明喻中常用like做比喻词，此外还有as,asif,asthough,as…as,similarto等等。Herhappinessvanishedlikethemorningdew.她的幸福像晨露一样消失了。Beautyisassummerfruits,whichareeasytocorruptandcannotlast.美者犹如夏日蔬果，易腐难存。Itrainedasiftheflood-gatesofHeavenwereopened,anditlightedawfully.雨倾盆而下，犹如天上的水闸打开了，而且电光闪闪，极其可怕。Slowlybutsurelyhebegantoplanhowhewouldgotothesky.(Line14)于是他稳扎稳打地开始计划如何能到天上去。slowlybutsurely:carefullyinordertoavoidproblems稳扎稳打地surely:inasureway稳当地，踏实地，有把握副词连用作方式状语，使句意鲜明、思想突出。此处说明乌龟富于心计。这类短语常位于句首，也可放在句末。Slowlybutsurelythegreatshipglidedintothewater.那艘巨轮缓慢而平稳地下水了。Myhometownisslowlybutsurelychanging.我的家乡正缓慢却实实在在地发生着变化。Thepowerofheavenmovesslowly,atthesametimesurely.天网恢恢，疏而不漏。Theychosetoflyhomeonanemptystomach.(Line67)他们宁可空着肚子飞回去。choosetodosomething表示“选定，决定做某事”,后面接不定式。Theychoosetoignoreherwarning.他们决定不理她的警告。Fewwomen,offeredthechanceofsuchacareer,wouldchoosetostayathome.如果有事业机会,几乎没有妇女会愿意呆在家里。Ichosetocontinuewithmycareerasamusicteacher.我决定继续我音乐教师的生涯。Andtherehestoodinhishardshellfulloffoodandwinebutwithoutanywingstoflyhome.(Line69)乌龟站在那儿，身上只剩了一个硬壳，里面满是佳肴美酒，却没了可飞回家的翅膀。全句的主要结构是hestoodthere,there一词置前倒装。fulloffoodandwine和withoutanywingstoflyhome两个短语作方式状语，说明乌龟现在酒足饭饱，但是却没有翅膀回家的窘迫状况。Words&Phrases:feast(Line6,Para.2) n.1)alargemeal,especiallyoneforaspecialoccasion盛宴2)adaykeptinmemoryofareligiousevent（宗教的）节日 v.[+on]eatanddrinkalotonaspecialoccasion尽情地吃喝，饱餐圣诞节是基督教的一个重要节日。Christmasis_animportantfeastforChristians.为了向来访的总统表示敬意，厨师长准备了盛宴。Thechef_preparedafeastinhonorofthepresident’svisit.他饱览了落日美景。He_feastedhiseyesonthebeautifulsightofsunset.escapeone’snotice(Line10,Para.3)avoidbeingnoticedbysomeone逃过某人的注意我逃过保安的注意,进了档案室.Iescapedthenoticeoftheguardandwentintothefilingroom.类似词组:escapeone'smemory被某人遗忘escapedeath脱离死亡escapedanger脱险cunning(Line11,Para.3)crafty;tricky;deceitful;sly;foxy狡猾的ascunningasafox象狐狸一样狡猾acunninglittlepet机灵的小宠物Ratsarereallycunning.老鼠真贼。Atthe(very)thought(Line12,Para.3)一想到某事一想到蛇她就惊恐万状。Sheshudderedattheverythoughtofasnake.Sheflamedwithrageattheverythoughtofsuchinjustice.一想到这种不公平之事她便大怒。ungrateful(adj.)(Line19,Para.6)notexpressingthanksforsomethingthatsomeonehasgiventoyouordoneforyou忘恩负义的；不领情的那个忘恩负义的孩子将我的礼物扔到地板上。Theungratefulchildthrewmygiftonthefloor.我不想让人觉得我不领情，但我真的不需要任何帮助。Idon’tmeantosoundungrateful,butIreallydon’tneedanyhelp.mischief(n.)(Line20,Para.6)playfulmisbehaviorortrouble-making,especiallyinchildren顽皮；捣蛋；恶作剧mischievous(adj.)调皮的；恶作剧的告诉孩子们别胡闹。Tellthechildrentokeepoutofmischief.他需要一个爱好来使自己忙起来并且停止搞恶作剧。Heneedsahobbytokeephimbusyandstophimfromgettingintomischief.restassured(Line24,Para.7)nottoworryorbecertain请放心；请确信(无疑)（常用于祈使句）你可以放心，我们一定尽力而为。Youcanrestassuredthatwewilldoallwecan.请放心，一切都正常。Restassuredthateverythingisundercontrol.Inspiteof(Line40,Para.11)despite尽管，虽然Weappreciateverymuchthatyouhavecometovisitourcityinspiteofthelongandtiringjourney.我们十分感谢你们不辞辛劳远道来访我市。Inspiteofthepanic,sheremainedsereneandincontrol.尽管人心惶惶,但她却泰然自若。Inspiteofthefactthathermotherwasadressmaker,Mamie'sclothesneverlookedsmartorattractive.虽然事实上她的母亲是一个裁缝，玛咪的衣服却从来不漂亮，也不动人。eloquent(adj.)(Line46,Para.12)fluentorpersuasiveinspeakingorwriting雄辩的，有说服力的；清楚表明的苏珊在她的毕业课上做了动人的演讲。Susangaveaneloquentspeechtohergraduatingclass.Herenthusiasmmadeherquiteeloquent.她的热情使她讲起话来很是流利。approval(Line47,Para.12)赞成，同意；批准，认可Ourteachergaveherapprovaltoourplansforagraduationparty.老师同意了我们举办毕业聚会的计划。Wewon’tstartbuildingwithoutthemayor’sapproval.没有市长的批准，我们不会动工。Wewillhavetosubmitthisplanforapprovalbythemanagingdirector.我们得将此计划提交总经理批准。grumble(v.)(Line62,Para.16)1)(+about/at/over)speakwithalow,indistinctandpossiblycomplainingvoice咕哝，嘟囔，发牢骚(近义词：complain，mutter)2)rumble发轰轰声他不是果敢地去面对困难，而是抱怨自己运气不佳。Hegrumblesathisluckinsteadofresolutelyfacinghisdifficulties.火车轰隆一声起动了。Thetraingrumbledintomotion.fillout(Line65,Para.16)fillout(in)theform填写表格becomeslightlyfatter变胖Hercheeksbegantofillout.WhenJohnisalittleolderandfillsoutmore,hewillbeanoutstandingathlete.faithfully(adv.)(Line76,Para.19)faithful(adj.)1)fulloforshowingloyalty忠实的，忠诚的，可信赖的2)truetothefactsortoanoriginal如实的，准确可靠的3)(+to)loyaltoone’s(marriage)partnerbyhavingnosexualrelationshipwithanyoneelse忠贞的，贞洁的Heisfaithfulinwordanddeed.他言行忠实。Hewillbefaithfultoyouifyoumarryhim.假如你与他结婚，他会对你忠诚的。Doyouthinkthefilmadaptationwasfaithfultothebook?你认为这部改编的电影剧本忠实于原著吗？faithful,loyal,constantfaithful指“一贯忠于誓言、责任和义务等”loyal指“坚定不移地忠于某人、事业或国家等”,而且含有“愿为其不顾艰苦而奋斗到底”的意味constant表示“坚定的”、“坚贞的”、“经久不变的”，强调“忠诚的稳定性”请选择faithful,loyal,constant的适当形式填空。他们对友谊忠贞不渝。Theyareconstantinfriendship.我们必须忠于祖国。Wemustbe_loyal____toourmotherland.他信守诺言。Heisfaithful_tohispromise.deliver(v.)(Line76,Para.19)takesomething(tosomeoneorsomeplace)送递(forawoman)givebirthtoababy生产giveaspeech;readsomethingoutloud演讲我们公司会送货上门。Ourcompanywilldeliveryourordertoyourdoor.安娜生了一对健康的双胞胎。A