单片机电子琴设计报告

PAGE单片机课程设计报告PAGE3-单片机课程设计课程设计名称：电子琴专业班级：0914121学生姓名：胡中光学号：091412116指导教师：张磊课程设计时间：2015/1/5目录第1章概述3第2章课程设计任务及要求42.1设计任务42.2设计要求4第3章系统设计53.1设计方案53.2系统设计5系统流程图53.2.2系统原理图73.3文件程序代码7第4章心得体会30概述以单片机作为主控核心，与键盘、扬声器等模块组成核心主控制模块，在主控模块上设有16个按键和扬声器.本文主要对使用单片机设计简易电子琴进行了分析，并介绍了基于单片机电子琴统硬件组成。利用单片机产生不同频率来获得我们要求的音阶，最终可随意弹奏想要表达的音乐。本系统是简易电子琴的设计，按下键盘矩阵中的按键会使数码管显示当前按键，扬声器播放器对应的音符。第2章课程设计任务及要求2.1设计任务1、任务设计一简易电子琴，要求能够发出1，2，3，4，5，6，7等7个音符，具有一般演奏功能。2.2设计要求1）具有一般演奏功能，利用所给键盘的1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8八个键，能够发出8个不同的音调，并且要求按下按键发声，松开延时一段时间停止，中间再按别的键则发另一个音调的声音2）具有自动播放已存曲目功能3）显示当前正在播放的歌曲的名称和歌词4）显示北京时间第3章系统设计3.1设计方案该电路由时钟模块，液晶模块，键盘扫描模块组成。时钟模块：由时钟模块1307实现，能够正确显示北京时间，以及扩展显示星期等等。液晶模块：将时钟模块的信息正确的显示到液晶显示屏上，使用1602的液晶。键盘扫描模块：对十六个按键进行逐次扫描，扫描到前八个按键时，蜂鸣器依次发出1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8的音调声。其余按键，可以跳转到不同的曲目以及液晶模块显示，保留几个按键做以后的扩展用。3.2系统设计3.2.1系统流程图分析各项设计要求后，可绘制如下程序流程图3.2.2系统原理图文件程序代码(1).液晶模块头文件sbitLCD_RS =P3^6;sbitLCD_RW =P3^5;sbitLCD_EN=P3^3;sfrLCDData=0x80;voidLCDWrite(bitcd,unsignedcharinput);voidLCDWait(unsignedcharCiShu);voidLCDDelay();voidLCDInitialize();voidLCDPrintString(unsignedcharx,unsignedchary,unsignedchar*string);voidLCDPrintNumber(unsignedcharx,unsignedchary,unsignedcharbits,unsignedintnumber);unsignedcharReadState();voidLCDInitialize(){LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x38);LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x38);LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x38);LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x38);LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x08);LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x01);LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x06);LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x0c);}voidLCDWrite(bitcd,unsignedcharDATA){LCDWait(20);LCD_RS=cd;LCD_RW=0;LCD_EN=0;LCDData=DATA;LCD_EN=1;LCD_EN=0;}voidLCDPrintString(unsignedcharx,unsignedchary,unsignedchar*string){unsignedcharaddress;address=x+(1-y)*0x40+0x80;LCDWrite(0,address);while(*string!='\0'){LCDWrite(1,*string);string++;}}voidLCDPrintNumber(unsignedcharx,unsignedchary,unsignedcharWeiShu,unsignedintnumber){unsignedcharaddress;unsignedcharj,temp[5];address=x+(1-y)*0x40+0x80;LCDWrite(0,address);//if(number>0){temp[0]=(number%100000)/10000+48;temp[1]=(number%10000)/1000+48;temp[2]=(number%1000)/100+48;temp[3]=(number%100)/10+48;temp[4]=number%10+48;for(j=5-WeiShu;j<5;j++){LCDWrite(1,temp[j]);}}}voidLCDWait(unsignedcharCiShu){unsignedchari;for(i=0;i<CiShu;i++){if(ReadState()&0x80)continue;elsebreak;}}unsignedcharReadState(){unsignedchartemp;P0=0xff;LCD_EN=0;LCD_RS=0;LCD_RW=1;LCD_EN=1;temp=LCDData;LCD_EN=0;returntemp;}voidLCDDelay(){unsignedinta;for(a=0;a<1000;a++);} (2).时钟芯片模块头文件voidiicdelay(unsignedinttimes);voidiicstart(){MDE=1;MDO=1;iicdelay(2);MCO=1;iicdelay(2);MDO=0;iicdelay(2);}voidiicstop(){MDE=1;MDO=0;iicdelay(2);MCO=1;iicdelay(2);MDO=1;}voidiicack(){MDE=1;MCO=0;MDO=0;iicdelay(2);MCO=1;iicdelay(2);MCO=0;iicdelay(1);MDO=1;}voidiicnack(){MDE=1;//MCO=0;MDO=1;iicdelay(2);MCO=1;iicdelay(2);MCO=0;}bitiicreadack(){bitack;MCO=0;iicdelay(2);MDE=1;MDO=1;MCO=1;iicdelay(2);MDE=0;ack=MDI;MCO=0;returnack;}voidiicwriteda(unsignedcharda){unsignedchari;MDE=1;for(i=0;i<8;i++){ MCO=0; iicdelay(0); if((da<<i)&0x80) MDO=1; else MDO=0; iicdelay(2); MCO=1; iicdelay(3);}MCO=0;}unsignedchariicreadda(){unsignedcharda;inti;da=0;MDE=1;MDO=1;MDE=0;for(i=0;i<8;i++){MCO=0; iicdelay(3); MCO=1; iicdelay(1); if(MDI==1) {da=da<<1;da++;} else da=da<<1; }MCO=0;returnda;}voidiicdelay(unsignedintt){unsignedinti,j; for(i=0;i<t;i++)for(j=5;j>0;j--);}voidReadTime(unsignedcharTIME[7]){bitEATemp;unsignedchartemp;EATemp=EA; iicstart();iicwriteda(0xd0);iicreadack();iicwriteda(0x00);iicreadack();iicstop();iicdelay(1);iicstart();iicwriteda(0xd1);iicreadack();TIME[0]=iicreadda();iicack();TIME[1]=iicreadda();iicack();TIME[2]=iicreadda();iicack();TIME[3]=iicreadda();iicack();TIME[4]=iicreadda();iicack();TIME[5]=iicreadda();iicack();TIME[6]=iicreadda();iicnack();iicstop();iicdelay(1);TIME[0]=((TIME[0]&0x7f)>>4)*10+(TIME[0]&0x0f);//secondTIME[1]=((TIME[1]&0x7f)>>4)*10+(TIME[1]&0x0f);//minuteif(TIME[2]&0x40){if(TIME[2]&0x20)temp=0x80;elsetemp=0x40;TIME[2]=((TIME[2]&0x1f)>>4)*10+(TIME[2]&0x0f);//hourTIME[2]|=temp;}else{TIME[2]=((TIME[2]&0x3f)>>4)*10+(TIME[2]&0x0f);}TIME[3]=TIME[3]&0x07;//weekTIME[4]=((TIME[4]&0x3f)>>4)*10+(TIME[4]&0x0f);//dateTIME[5]=((TIME[5]&0x1f)>>4)*10+(TIME[5]&0x0f);//monthTIME[6]=(TIME[6]>>4)*10+(TIME[6]&0x0f);//yearEA=EATemp;}voidSetTime(unsignedcharTIME[7]){bitEATemp;unsignedchartemp=0;unsignedcharTimeTemp[7];EATemp=EA;for(temp=0;temp<7;temp++)TimeTemp[temp]=TIME[temp];temp=0;TimeTemp[6]=((TimeTemp[6]/10)<<4)+(TimeTemp[6]%10);TimeTemp[5]=((TimeTemp[5]/10)<<4)+(TimeTemp[5]%10);TimeTemp[4]=((TimeTemp[4]/10)<<4)+(TimeTemp[4]%10);TimeTemp[3]=((TimeTemp[3]/10)<<4)+(TimeTemp[3]%10);if((TimeTemp[2]&0xc0)==0x00){TimeTemp[2]=((TimeTemp[2]/10)<<4)+(TimeTemp[2]%10);}else{if((TimeTemp[2]&0xc0)==0x01)temp=0x40;elsetemp=0x60;TimeTemp[2]&=0x3f;TimeTemp[2]=((TimeTemp[2]/10)<<4)+(TimeTemp[2]%10);TimeTemp[2]|=temp;}TimeTemp[1]=((TimeTemp[1]/10)<<4)+(TimeTemp[1]%10);TimeTemp[0]=((TimeTemp[0]/10)<<4)+(TimeTemp[0]%10);TimeTemp[0]&=0x7f;iicstart();iicwriteda(0xd0);iicreadack();iicwriteda(0x00);iicreadack();iicwriteda(TimeTemp[0]);iicreadack();iicwriteda(TimeTemp[1]);iicreadack();iicwriteda(TimeTemp[2]);iicreadack();iicwriteda(TimeTemp[3]);iicreadack();iicwriteda(TimeTemp[4]);iicreadack();iicwriteda(TimeTemp[5]);iicreadack();iicwriteda(TimeTemp[6]);iicreadack();iicstop();iicdelay(1);EA=EATemp;}voidSwitchRTC(unsignedcharSWITCH){unsignedchartemp;bitEATemp;EATemp=EA;iicstart();iicwriteda(0xd0);iicreadack();iicwriteda(0x00);iicreadack();iicstop();//iicdelay(1);iicstart();iicwriteda(0xd1);iicreadack();temp=iicreadda();iicnack();iicstop();//iicdelay(1);if(SWITCH)temp&=0x7f;elsetemp|=0x80;iicstart();iicwriteda(0xd0);iicreadack();iicwriteda(0x00);iicreadack();iicwriteda(temp);iicreadack();iicstop();//iicdelay(1);EA=EATemp;主体程序#include<aduc848.h>#include<INTRINS.H>#include<LCD1602.h>#include<rtc.h>sbitlie0=P2^3;sbitlie1=P2^2;sbitlie2=P2^1;sbitlie3=P2^0;sbitPWM1=P2^6;unsignedchartemp;unsignedcharkey;unsignedcharSTH0,STL0;unsignedcharjishi=0;unsignedcharn=0;//n为节拍常数变量unsignedchara[7]={00,59,19,3,4,8,10};unsignedcharb[7];voiddelay1s(void){unsignedchari,k;for(k=100;k>0;k--)for(i=100;i>0;i--);}/*定时器0中断*/voidTIMER0(void)interrupt1{TH0=STH0;TL0=STL0;PWM1=~PWM1;}/*定时器1中断*/voidint0()interrupt3//采用中断3控制节拍节拍延时{TH1=0xd8;TL1=0xef;n--;}/*定时器2中断*/voidint1()interrupt5//采用中断3控制节拍节拍延时{TH2=0xd8;TL2=0xef;n--;}voiddelay(unsignedcharm)//控制频率延时{unsignedi=3*m;while(--i);}voiddelayms(unsignedchara)//豪秒延时子程序{while(--a);//采用while(--a)不要采用while(a--);各位可编译一下看看汇编结果就知道了!}unsignedintcodetab[]={0xfc43,0xfd08,0,0,0xfd08,0xfd32,0,0,0xfd81,0xfdc7,0,0,0xfe05,0xfe21,0,0,};/*unsignedcharcodetable[]={0x03,0x9f,0x25,0x0d,0x99,0x49,0x41,0x1f,0x01,0x09,0x11,0xc1,0x63,0x85,0x61,0x71,0xff}; */unsignedcharcodemusic_tab_1[]={/*1*/0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x24,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x19,0x20,0x18,0x10,0x19,0x10,0x20,0x30,0x01,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x1c,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x2b,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x01,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x24,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x20,0x30,0x10,0x2b,0x60,/*2*/0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x24,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x19,0x20,0x18,0x10,0x19,0x10,0x20,0x30,0x01,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x1c,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x2b,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x01,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x24,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x20,0x30,0x10,0x2b,0x60,//11767112377550x30,0x40,0x18,0x20,0x19,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x19,0x10,0x18,0x10,0x18,0x20,0x2b,0x20,0x13,0x20,0x19,0x20,0x19,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,//632211170x1c,0x20,0x13,0x10,0x15,0x10,0x15,0x20,0x18,0x20,0x18,0x40,0x18,0x20,0x19,0x20,//67112377550x1c,0x20,0x19,0x10,0x18,0x10,0x18,0x20,0x15,0x20,0x13,0x20,0x19,0x20,0x19,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,//6322110x1c,0x20,0x13,0x10,0x15,0x10,0x15,0x20,0x18,0x20,0x18,0x60,//000000x01,0x40,0x01,0x40,0x01,0x40,0x01,0x40,0x01,0x60,key=15;break;} P0=tab[key];}}switch(key){case0,4,8,12,1,5,9,13,8,12,7,11,15:break;case2:{play_1:{a_1:p=music_tab_1[i];if(p==0x00){i=0,delayms(1000);gotoplay_1;}//如果碰到结束符,延时1秒,回到头再来一遍elseif(p==0xff){i=i+1;delayms(100),TR1=0;gotoa_1;}//若碰到休止符,延时100ms,继续取下一音符else{m=music_tab_1[i++],n=music_tab_1[i++];}//取频率常数和节拍常数TR1=1;//开定时器1while(n!=0)PWM1=~PWM1,delay(m);//等待节拍完成,通过P1口输出音频TR1=0;//关定时器1}break;} case6: { play_2:{a_2:p=music_tab_2[i];if(p==0x00){i=0,delayms(1000);gotoplay_2;}//如果碰到结束符,延时1秒,回到开始再来一遍elseif(p==0xff){i=i+1;delayms(100),TR2=0;gotoa_2;}//碰到休止符,延时100ms,取下一音符else{m=music_tab_2[i++],n=music_tab_2[i++];}//取频率常数和节拍常数T