University physics智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下浙江理工大学

Universityphysics智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下浙江理工大学浙江理工大学

第一章测试

Howmanyyearsolderwillyoube1.00gigaseeondfromnow?(Assumea365-dayyear.)（）

A:21.7yB:51.7yC:31.7yD:41.7y

答案:31.7y

Scientificnotation:（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:

InΔABC,weknowthatDisapointontheextensionlineofBC,andEisthemidpointoflinesegmentAD.If,and,thenx=（）.

A:−1/4B:1/4C:−1/3D:1/3

答案:−1/4

Vectoroperation.If,and,findthevalueof,suchthatthevectorsandwillbeperpendiculartoeachother（）.

A:-2/3B:-5/3C:-4/3D:-8/3

答案:-4/3

Twodisplacementvectors,

and

,havemagnitudesS=3mandT=4m,whichofthefollowingcouldnotbethemagnitudeofthedifferencevector?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.)（

）.

A:9mB:1mC:7mD:5m

答案:9m

第二章测试

Aparticleismovingstraightalongthexdirection,anditspositionisdeterminedbytheequation,wheretheunitofxismeter,andtheunitoftissecond.Thenitsvelocityisexpressedas（）

A:v=20t+8B:v=20tC:v=10t+8D:v=10t

答案:v=20t

Velocityisavector,andspeedisalsoavector.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

Themagnitudeoftheaccelerationoftheobjectmaybeverylarge,whilethemagnitudeofthevelocityofanobjectcanremainunchanged.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Awarshipfirestheshellsattowenemyshipsatthesametime.Itisknownthattheshellswillflyalongtheparabolicorbitsasshowninthefigureandhittheenemyships,assumetheshellshasthesameinitialspeed,whichshipwillbehitfirst?（）

A:ShipAB:ShipBC:MoreinformationisneededD:Bothshipswillbehitatthesametime

答案:ShipB

Acarmovesatconstantspeedinahorizontalofradius20.0m,makingacompletecirclein7.0s.Whatistheaccelerationofthecar?（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:

第三章测试

Supposeanastronautlandedonaplanetwhereg=19.6m/s2.Comparedtoearth,woulditbeforhertocatchaballthatismovinghorizontallyat12m/s?(Assumethattheastronaut’sspacesuitisalightweightmodelthatdoesn’timpedehermovementsinanyway.)（）

A:harderB:easierC:justaseasyD:Moreinformationisneededtodetermine

答案:justaseasy

Satellitesareheldinorbitbytheforceofourplanet’sgravitationalattraction.Asatelliteinasmall-radiusorbitmovesatahigherspeedthanasatelliteinanorbitoflargeradius.Basedonthisinformation,whatyoucanconcludeabouttheearth’sgravitationalattractionforthesatellite?（）

A:Itincreaseswithincreasingdistancefromtheearth.B:Itisthesameatalldistancesfromtheearth.C:Itdecreaseswithincreasingdistancefromtheearth.D:Thisinformationbyitselfisn’tenoughtoanswerthequestion.

答案:Itdecreaseswithincreasingdistancefromtheearth.

Atrafficlightofweightwhangsfromtwolightweightcables,oneoneachsideofthelight.Eachcablehangsata45°anglefromthehorizontal.Whatisthetensionineachcable?（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:

Thepersonintheelevatorholdsaspringscalewithaheavyobject.Nowthereadingofthespringscalesuddenlybecomeslarger(Thepersonnevermoves).Whatisthemovementoftheelevatoratthistime?（）

A:Theelevatorisnowspeedingup.B:TheelevatornowrisesupataconstantspeedC:Theelevatorisnowspeedingdown.D:Theelevatornowdeceleratesandrises

答案:Theelevatorisnowspeedingup.

Consideraboxthatisplacedondifferentsurfaces.Inwhichsituation(s)istherenofrictionforceactingonthebox?(

)

A:

Theboxisatrestonaroughhorizontalsurface.

B:Theboxisontherough-surfacedflatbedofatruck—thetruckismovingataconstantvelocityonastraightbuttiltedroad,andtheboxremainsinthesameplaceinthemiddleofthetruckbed.C:Theboxisontherough-surfacedflatbedofatruck—thetruckisspeedinguponastraight,levelroad,andtheboxremainsinthesameplaceinthemiddleofthetruckbed.

D:Theboxisatrestonaroughtiltedsurface.

答案:

Theboxisatrestonaroughhorizontalsurface.

第四章测试

Inahydroelectricgeneratingstation,fallingwaterisusedtodriveturbines(“waterwheels”),whichinturnrunelectricgenerators.Comparedtotheamountofgravitationalpotentialenergyreleasedbythefallingwater,howmuchelectricalenergyisproduced?（）

A:more;B:notenoughinformationgiventodecide.C:thesame;D:less.

答案:less.

HowmuchworkisdonebytheforceFactingonabodywhenthebodymovesfromx=0mtox=2.0mundertheforceof?（）

A:–24JB:-34JC:-14JD:20J

答案:–24J

Thetheoremofkineticenergyofaparticlefollowsthattheamountofworkdoneisindependentofthepath.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

Theworkdonebythenetforceonabodyisequaltotheamountthatthekineticenergyofthebodyincreases.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Abulletofmassm=10gandv=200m/sspeedwasshotintothewoodblock.Theaverageresistanceofwoodblocksis5000N.Thenthedepthofbulletentryis（）.

A:0.4mB:0.04mC:0.4mD:0.02m

答案:0.04m

第五章测试

Foranisolatedsystem,thetotalmomentumofthesystemisconservedwhenthevectorsumoftheexternalforcesiszero.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Anobjectwithamassof15kgisplacedonthebottomplateofacrane.Ifthebottomplateofthecraneacceleratesupandtheaccelerationis.Given,theimpulseoftheobjectgivenbythebottomplateofthecranewithin2secondsis（）.

A:360kgm/sB:400kgm/sC:300kgm/sD:180kgm/s

答案:360kgm/s

whentheimpulseisconstant,thelongertheactiontime,thesmallertheimpulse.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Anobjectwithamassof2kgisthrownupwardatthespeedof10m/swithaninclinationangleof30º,themagnitudeofimpulsereceivedbytheobjectwhenitmovestothehighestpointis（）.

A:20kgm/sB:36kgm/sC:10kgm/sD:30kgm/s

答案:10kgm/s

Astaticobjectburstintothreepieces,twoofwhichhavethesamemass,andthesamespeedof20m/swiththedirectionofperpendiculartoeachother.Themassofthethirdpieceisexactlyequaltothesumoftheothertwopieces,thenthespeedofthethirdpieceis（）.

A:B:C:D:

答案:

第六章测试

Oscillationcanoccuronlywhenthereisarestoringforcetendingtoreturnthesystemtoequilibrium.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Insimpleharmonicmotiontheperiodandfrequencydonotdependontheamplitude.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

SetTastheperiod,asthefrequencyandastheangularfrequency.Whichofthefollowingexpressionisincorrect（）?

A:B:C:D:

答案:

Ablockattachedtoahangingidealspringoscillatesupanddownwithaperiodof10sonearth.IfyoutaketheblockandspringtoMars,wheretheaccelerationduetogravityisonlyabout40%aslargeasonearth,whatwillbethenewperiodofoscillation?（）

A:lessthan10s.B:notenoughinformationgiventodecide.C:morethan10s;D:10s;

答案:10s;

Insimpleharmonicmotion,theaccelerationaisgenerallyexpressedas（）.

A:B:C:D:

答案:

第七章测试

Youarestandingontheshoreofalake.Youspotatastyfishswimmingsomedistancebelowthelakesurface.Ifyouwanttospearthefish,shouldyouaimthespear（）.

A:directlyattheapparentpositionofthefishB:belowtheapparentpositionofthefishC:overtheapparentpositionofthefishD:Notenoughinformation

答案:belowtheapparentpositionofthefish

Youarestandingontheshoreofalake.Youspotatastyfishswimmingsomedistancebelowthelakesurface.Ifinsteadyouuseahigh-powerlasertosimultaneouslykillandcookthefish,shouldyouaimthelaser（）.

A:directlyattheapparentpositionofthefishB:NotenoughinformationC:belowtheapparentpositionofthefish,D:overtheapparentpositionofthefish,

答案:directlyattheapparentpositionofthefish

Theangleofreflectionisequaltotheangleofincidenceforallwavelengthsandforanypairofmaterials.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Theindexofrefractiondependsnotonlyonthesubstancebutalsoonthewavelengthofthelight.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

thefrequencyofthewavedoesnotchangewhenpassingfromonematerialtoanother.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

第八章测试

Thedirectionofpolarizationofanelectromagneticwaveisdefinedtobethedirectionofthemagnetic-fieldvector.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

whentheangleofincidenceisequaltothepolarizingangle(Brewster’sangle)thereflectedrayandtherefractedrayareperpendiculartoeachother.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Theunpolarizedlightwithintensityofisincidentontwoparallelidealpolarizers,iftheanglebetweentheaxesofthetwofiltersis60º,theintensitiestransmittedthroughthesecondpolarizeris（）.

A:B:C:0D:

答案:

Malus’slawisexpressedas:（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:

WhatistheBrewsteranglewhenlightisincidentfromglass()ontothesurfaceofair()？（）

A:57ºB:60ºC:33ºD:30º

答案:33º

第九章测试

Theredlightwiththewavelengthof700nmisincidentonthedoubleslitswiththespacingdof0.022cm,andinterferencefringesareformedonthescreenwiththedistanceDof180cm.Whatisthepositionofthesecondorderbrightfringefromthecentralbrightfringe?（）

A:11.46mmB:11mmC:4.09mmD:10mm

答案:11.46mm

Thegreenlightwiththewavelengthof500nmisincidentonthedoubleslitswiththespacingdof0.022cm,andinterferencefringesareformedonthescreenwiththedistanceDof180cm.Whatisthespacingbetweentwosuccessivebrightfringes（）.

A:3.08mmB:5.0mmC:4.0mmD:4.09mm

答案:4.09mm

Therefractiveindexofsoapfilmintheairis1.33andthethicknessis0.4μm.Ifwhitelight(400~760nm)isincidentnormally,whatcolormaythesoapfilmshow?（）

A:blueB:redC:yellowD:green

答案:red

Whatisthethicknessdifferencebetweentheadjacentbrightinterferencefringesinthethin-filminterferenceofatransparentwedge?（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:

Naturallightisincidentnormallyona380nmthicksoapfilmintheair.Iftherefractiveindexofthesoapfilmis1.33,whichwavelengthsoflightisconstructivelyinterferedonthefrontsideofthesoapfilm?（）

A:674nmB:657nmC:600nmD:601nm

答案:674nm

第十章测试

Ifawaveencountersabarrierthathasanopeningofdimensionssimilartothewavelength,thepartofthewavethatpassesthroughtheopeningwilldiffractintotheregionbeyondthebarrier.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Near-fielddiffractionorFresnel