2023年中考英语复习语法知识清单

初中英语语法知识清单目录第一部分词法高频考点知识点一：名词知识点二：冠词知识点三：数词知识点四：代词知识点五：介词知识点六：形容词和副词知识点七：连词知识点八：动词和动词短语知识点九：情态动词知识点十：非谓语动词知识点十一：动词时态知识点十二：被动语态第二部分句法高频考点知识点一：陈述句知识点二：疑问句知识点三：祈使句知识点四：感叹句知识点五：并列句知识点六：倒装句知识点七：省略句知识点八：强调句知识点九：therebe句型知识点十：主谓一致知识点十一：状语从句知识点十二：宾语从句知识点十三：定语从句第三部分语法综合易错题通关知识点一：词性转换知识点二：选词填空知识点三：语法选择知识点四：语法填空知识点五：情景交际第四部分中考语法模块真题汇编知识点一：冠词、介词、代词知识点二：动词、名词知识点三：时态知识点四：宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句参考答案第一部分语法知识之词法通关知识点一名词【掌握目标】高频考点考试比重掌握情况可数名词及单复数1%□一般□良好□优秀不可数名词1%□一般□良好□优秀专有名词1%□一般□良好□优秀名词所有格用法2%□一般□良好□优秀名词做定语用法1%□一般□良好□优秀【知识梳理】一、名词的分类（一）专有名词：指某人，某地，某机构等专有的名称，其首字母要大写。如:HongKong,China,BillClinton,RedCross普通名词1.可数名词：①个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如student,book集体名词：表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：family,school2.不可数名词：①物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：cotton,air,tea抽象名词：表示抽象概念，如：work,happiness,news二、名词的复数可数名词有单、复数形式，其复数的构成规则如下：1.绝大多数在词尾加s;2.以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的名词加es;3.下列以o结尾的词加s构成复数：piano,photo,radio,zoo,bamboo,kilo;4.以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，将y改为i，再加es;5.以元音字母＋y结尾的名词，直接加s;6.以f或fe结尾的名词，先将f或fe改为v，再加es;7.少数名词的复数形式是不规则的，要一一背记：man→men;woman→women;Englishman→Englishmen;foot→feet;tooth→teeth;child→children;mouse→mice;8.少数名词的单、复数形式相同，如：Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish,means(注:fishes表不同种类的鱼);9.复合名词：①含man或woman的复合名词，两部分都变为复数形式。如：twomenteachers,fourwomendoctors②将复合名词中的主体名词变为复数形式，如：lookerson旁观者，editorsinchief总编辑,passersby过路人③如果没有主体名词，就在词尾后加s。如：grownups成年人，gobetweens中间人三、名词的所有格1.名词的所有格一般用于有生命的名词。其构成多在词尾加上“’s”;以s结尾的专有名词，在词尾后加“’”或“’s”;以s结尾的复数名词，只在词尾加“’”。如：students’homework不以s结尾的复数名词，仍在词尾加“’s”。如：children’sbooks儿童读物2．如果一个事物为两个人共有，只在后一个名词的词尾加“’s”，如果不是共有，就要在两个名词的词尾分别加上“’s”。例如：TomandMike’sroom汤姆和迈克合住的房间Tom’sandMike’srooms汤姆、迈克各自的房间【典型例题】[例题1]（）Pleasegiveme______onhowtoworkouttheproblem.A.someadvices B.someadvice C.somesuggestion D.anadvice[例题2]（）Whatarethese?They're______and______.A.sheep;hens B.hens;ship C.horse;sheep D.sheep;horse[例题3]（）Doyoulikemeatfordinner.Amy?No,butIlovevegetablesandfruit,like______.A.milkandapples B.carrotsandpears C.orangesandrice D.breadandeggs[例题4]（）Youcan'tfinfishreadingthenewspaperinaminutebecausethereistoomuch______init.A.news B.words C.titles D.pictures[例题5]（）Ihavesix______.（）A.watch B.watches C.photo D.photoes[例题6]（）Whereisthemap?It'sonyour______bed.Theylikereadingit.A.grandparent's B.grandparents' C.grandparent D.grandparents[例题7]（）Afteryearsofhardwork,hefinallygotahigh______inhispany.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.A.position B.situation C.production D.condition[例题8]（）Inthepictureissomenicefood.Icanseean______andsome______.A.oranges;chickens B.orange;chickens C.orange;chicken D.oranges;chicken[例题9]（）Doyouhavea______,XiaoMing?Yes,Ihaveone.A.knife B.eraser C.milk D.bread[例题10]（）Look!Three______ofshoes______underthebed.Doyoulikethem?Theyaremysister's.A.pair;is B.pair;are C.pairs;is D.pairs;are[例题11]（）Lilyis______andsheisfrom______.A.anEnglish;England B.England;English C.English：England D.anEnglishgirl;English[例题12]（）______DayisonJunefirstand______DayisonSeptembertenth.A.Children's;Teachers' B.Women's;Teachers' C.Children's;Women's D.Women's;Children's[例题13]（）Look!Two______areplayingbasketballontheplayground.A.manteacher B.manteachers C.menteacher D.menteachers[例题14]（）Wealllikeeating______becausetheyarereallydelicious.A.breadandhamburger B.fruitsandmilk C.orangeandtomatoes D.eggsandburgers[例题15]（）Thisis______desk.A.Mike'sandJohn's B.MikeandJohn's C.Mike'sandJohn D.MikeandJohn知识点二冠词【掌握目标】高频考点考试比重掌握情况定冠词1%□一般□良好□优秀不定冠词1%□一般□良好□优秀【知识梳理】一、定冠词用法实例1.The通常有明确的所指，可以用在上文提到过的人或事物Ihaveabird.Thebirdiswhite.2.用在谈话双方都知道的人或者事物前面，可以和单词可数名词，复数可数名词或不可数名词放在一起使用。Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?Wherearethekeys?Themilkisonthetable.3.用在单词可数名词前面，表示某一类人或事物，和不定冠词的用法相似Thesteelworkersmakesteel.Thehorseisausefulanimal.4．用在世界上独一无二的事物或方位等名词前面Whichisbigger,theearthorthemoon?IlivetothewestoftheSummerPalace.5．用在乐器前面Hecanplaythepiano.6．表示两者中“较……的一个”Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.7．用在序数词、形容词最高级及only所修饰的名词前面Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.8．用在江河湖海、山川群岛的名称前面theWestLake;thePacificOcean;theAlps9．用在由普通名词和另外一些词构成的专有名词前面theBeijingRailwayStation;thePeople’sRepublicofChina;theUnitedstates10．表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人”TheBrownsarekindtous.11．用在形容词或分词前表示一类人或事物therich,thepoor,theold,theyoung,thedisabled,thewounded二、不定冠词用法实例1．用来表示数量“一”，意思和one差不多，但数量概念比one弱Thereisatableandfourchairsintheroom.2．用于可数名词的单数形式前，指人或事物的某一类Achildneedslove.（指孩子这一类人）Ahorseismuchsmallerthananelephant.（指马这一类动物和大象这一类动物）3．泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物Aboyiswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.Iamreadinganinterestingstory.4．用在表示“单位”，如时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”Ilovejunkfoodtoo,andIeatittwoorthreetimesaweek.5．用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”Youwillhavetodoitasecondtime.Ihavethreebooks,Iwanttobuyafourthone.6．用在一些专有名词前表示泛指的“一个”AMr.Whiterangyouthismorning.7．用来表示某种身份、职业、地位、国籍。在这种用法中，几乎没有“一”的概念，只是强调一种身份、职业、地位，a/an常不翻译。Iwanttobeanengineer.Thedutyofadoctoristotrytosavepeople’slives.8．用于表示动作意义的名词前。具有动作意义的名词与动词have，take，make，give等构成短语，表示一种短暂性动作时，此名词前的不定冠词一般不可缺少。havealookhaveawalkhavearest三、零冠词用法实例1．物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词前不用冠词Musicisauniversallanguage.BeijingisthecapitalofChina.2．表示泛指的复数可数名词前不用冠词Telephonesarestillplayinganimportantroleinpeople’slife.3．月份、星期、节日、季节等名词前不用冠词注意：当谈论具体的季节、日期和中国传统节日时常用定冠词。IhavebeenworkingforthispanysinceSeptember2010.Valentine’sDayisaspecialdayonwhichpeopleshowtheirlovetothosetheylove.4．表示三餐或球类运动的名词前注意：如果有定语修饰表示三餐的名词或者是特指某一顿饭，则要加冠词Doyoulikeplayingicehockeyorrugby?Atweekends,Ioftenhelpmymumcookbreakfast.5．表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词Welearnedarithmeticatelementaryschool.6．表示职位、头衔、称呼的名词前不用冠词Doctor,I’mnotfeelingmyselftoday.【典型例题】[例题1]（）________signherestandsfor________mistake.A.A…a B.A…the C.The…a D.The…the[例题2] （）Suziewouldliketowrite______articleforherschoolnewspaper.A.a B.an C.the D./[例题3]（）Kittyissuch______honeststudentthatsheisoftenpraisedbyherteachers.A.a B.an C.the D./[例题4]（）LittleTomgotuplateandwenttoschoolin______hurrythismorning.A.A B.an C.the D./[例题5]（）Thereis______beautifulgardenbehindMary’shouse.A.a B.an C.the D./[例题6]（）It’stimeforfun.Let’splay_______tennis,OK?A./ B.a C.an D.the[例题7]（）Tedtoldusafunnystory,butheforgot______endinghimself.A./ B.aC.an D.the[例题8]（）Hello,sir.Couldyoushowme______dictionaryonthebookshelf? A.the B.a C.an D./[例题9] （）Myfatheris_________universityteacher.Healwaysworksveryhard.A.a B.an C.the D./[例题10]（）Manypaniesareplanningtoworkfourdays______weeknowadays. A.a B.anC.theD./[例题11]（）Cathyhasgot______newjobatachildren’shospital. A.a B.an C.theD./[例题12]（）Thisis_______emptybottle.Couldyoushowmeanotherone?A.an B.a C.the D./[例题13]（）Themobilephoneisbeing______usefultoolforustomunicatewithothers.A.a B./ C.an D.the[例题14]（）Whatdoyouthinkofresultofyourproject?A.aB.anC.theD./[例题15]（）OurEnglishteacheraskedustowrite______80wordpassageyesterdayafternoon.A.a B.an C.the D./知识点三数词【掌握目标】高频考点考试比重掌握情况基数词1%□一般□良好□优秀序数词1%□一般□良好□优秀分数及不确切的1%□一般□良好□优秀【知识梳理】基数词：1one、2two、3three、4four、5five、6six、7seven、8eight、9nine12twelve、13thirteen、14fourteen、15fifteen、16sixteen、17seventeen18eighteen、19nineteen、20twenty、30thirty、40forty、50fifty、60sixty、70seventy、80eighty、90ninety二、序数词：first、second、third、fourth、fifth、sixth、seventh、eighth、ninthtenth、eleventh、twelfth、twentieth、thirtieth、fortieth、fiftiethsixtieth三、分数的表达方式：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s；分子大于one时，分母要加s。四、表示不确切的数字：基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of”表示不确切的数字。fivehundredstudents 500名学生twothousandpeople 2000人fivedozenpencils 5打铅笔hundredsofstudents 几百名学生millionsofworkers 成千上万的工人scoresofchairs 几十张椅子【典型例题】[例题1]（）______ofthebuildingswereruined.A.ThreefourthB.Threefour C.Threefourths D.Threefour

[例题2]（）The_______monthoftheyearisFebruary.

A.one

B.first

C.two

D.second[例题3]（）Thebeautifulskirtsareonshowintheshop,Janelikes_______.

A.theninth B.thenineth C.nine

D.ninth

[例题4]（）Ittookme_______tofinishmyhomework.

A.ahalfandtwohour

B.twohourandahalf

C.twoandahalfhour

D.twoandahalfhours

[例题5]（）Decemberisthe_______monthoftheyear.

A.twelve

B.twelveth

C.twelvieth

D.twelfth

[例题6]（）Tombought______forhimselfyesterday.

A.twopairsofshoes

B.twopairofshoe

C.twopairofshoes

D.twopairsshoes

[例题7]（）Thereare_______secondsinaminute.

A.fourty

B.forty

C.sixteen

D.sixty

[例题8]（）LinTaogetsupat______inthemorning.

A.halfpastsix

B.sixpasthalf

C.pasthalfsix

D.halfsixpast

[例题9]（）December______isChristmas.

A.twentyfive

B.thetwentyfifth

C.thetwentiethfive

D.twentiethfifth

[例题10]（）Thereare_____starsintheuniverse.

A.millions

B.millionof

C.millionsof

D.million

[例题11]（）Mondayisthe_______dayoftheweek.

A.two

B.second C.three

D.third

[例题12]（）Mr.Blacklefthere_____ago.

A.halfahour

B.halfanhour

C.anhalfhour

D.ahalfhours[例题13]（）Thereare_____studentsintheirschool.

A.ninehundred

B.ninehundreds

C.ninehundredof

D.ninehundredsof

[例题14]（）Thereare_____wordsinthetextofthe_____Lesson.

A.hundredof,Fifth

B.ahundredof,FivethC.hundredsof,Fifth

D.hundredsof,Fiveth

[例题15]（）Wehadlearnedabout_____Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.

A.ninehundredsandfortyfive

B.ninehundredsofandfortyfive

C.ninehundredandfortyfive

D.ninehundredandfourtyfive知识点四代词【掌握目标】高频考点考试比重掌握情况疑问代词1%□一般□良好□优秀不定代词2%□一般□良好□优秀反身代词1%□一般□良好□优秀【知识梳理】一、代词易错点1：one，ones，that，those指代前面所提到的名词，以避免重复。one表示“泛指”，指代单数可数名词；ones表示“泛指”，指代复数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或有后置定语的可数名词单数；those指代有后置定语的可数名词复数。二、代词易错点2：other，theother，another．others,theothers，therestanother泛指三者以上的“另一个”，theother表示“两者当中的另一个”，other表示“其他的”，others指“别的一些人或物”，theothers表示“其余所有的人或物”。指代单数时，若是泛指，用another；若是特指，则用theother。指代复数时，若是泛指，用other修饰名词的复数形式；若是特指，用theother修饰名词的复数形式。others不能作定语，表示复数意义，相当于“other+复数名词”；theothers相当于“theother+复数名词”。another一般表示单数，其后接可数名词的单数形式。但若其后有数词或few修饰时，则可接复数名词。therest表示“剩余部分；其余”，指代可数名词或不可数名词。三、代词易错点3：all,both，either，neither，noneboth，either和neither皆表示两者，可作主语、宾语和定语，both还可作同位语。表示“两者都……”用both，“两者都不……”用neither．“两者中任意一个……”强调个体，用either。all和none表示三者或三者以上。all表示全部肯定，而none表示全部否定。all可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语；none可作主语、宾语和同位语，但不能作定语。all作主语时，指人看作复数，指物看作单数；none作主语时，看作单复数皆可。both，all，none作主语同位语时，通常放在行为动词前面，be动词、助动词或情态动词的后面。all和both与not连用表示部分否定。四、代词易错点4：some／any／no／every+thing／one／bodysome类的词用于肯定句，any类的词用于否定和疑问句。

特殊情况：some用语疑问句表示邀请，并且期待得到对方肯定回答。any用于肯定句中表示“任何，任一”something和anything用法同上。五、代词易错点5：little和alittle；few和afew(1)little和alittle修饰不可数名词，做主语时谓语动词用单数；few和afew修饰可数名词，做主语时谓语动词用复数。(2)few,little有异同，分别修饰可数，不可数：共有“a”表肯定，其前无“a”表否定。【典型例题】[例题1]（）Tom,Pleasepass________theglasses.Iwanttoreadthenewspapers.A.you

B.me

C.him

D.her[例题2]（）ThedoctorsandnursesaredoingtheirbesttofightSARS.Theythinkmoreofothersthan_______.A.they B.them

C.themselves

D.theirs[例题3]（）Oh!Icameinahurryandforgottobringfood.–Nevermind.Youcanhave________.A.us

B.ours

C.you

D.yours[例题4]（）Howareyougoingtoimprove_______thisterm?Workharderthanlastterm.A.ourselves

B.myself

C.himself

D.yourself[例题5]（）Couldyoutellme_______sheislookingfor?Hercousin,Susan.A.that

B.whose

C.who

D.which[例题6]（）Whotaught_______Englishlastterm?Was_____Mr.Smith?A.you;it

B.you;he

C.your;it

D.your;that[例题7]（）Wedecidedtogoforafieldtripwithsomefriendsof_______.A.us

B.our

C.ours

D.ourselves[例题8]（）Youforgotyourdictionary?Youmayhave_______.A.me

B.my

C.mine

D.myself[例题9]（）Thisis______classroom.Whereis_______?A.our;them

B.us;they

C.our;theirs

D.ours;theirs

[例题10]（）Ourmanagerallowed_______totakeaholidaynextweek.A.youandI

B.yourselfandme

C.Iandyou

D.youandme

[例题11]（）Aftereveryonetook_______place,themeetingbegan.A.his

B.their

C.there

D.the[例题12]（）Weshouldalwayskeep______wellinformedofthechanginginformation.A.us

B.ours

C.ourselves

D.we[例题13]（）Givethemessageto______isatthetable.A.whomever

B.whosever

C.whatever

D.whoever

[例题14]（）Ifound_______impossiblefor_______toworkoutthemathproblem.A.it;himB.it;he C.that;himD.that;he

[例题15]（）Everyonewhoestothepartyisgivenawoodenapplewith_____ownnamescutinitasasouvenir.A.his

B.her

C.their

D.our

知识点五介词和介词短语【掌握目标】高频考点考试比重掌握情况介词的固定搭配1%□一般□良好□优秀介词辨析1%□一般□良好□优秀【知识梳理】一、except/besides用法区别除掉…，不包括….,表示排除掉某人物,即不包含除了…还有,表示包含,即“不仅……又……”如：EveryonewenttothePalaceMuseumexceptTom.)(Tom没有去故宫BesidesChinesehealsostudiedmanyothersubjects.(“汉语”也是他学的功课之一)二、for的用法1.为了Idoitforyou.2.一段时间Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.3.因为Iamsorryforhismisfortune.三、to的用法1.给Igivethepresenttoyou.2.对…而言Thepresentisimportanttome.四、with的用法1.由于…withpleasure2.带有thegirlwithlonghair3.用Icanwritewithapen4.和….一起Wewillgowithyou五、in的用法1.在…(方面)dowellin2.在….时候intheevening3.在….地方inBeijing六、on的用法1.关于/有关..abookonhistory2.在….时候onFriday3.在….上onthedesk七、as的用法1.与…一样Youhavethesameinterestasme.2.as作为/当作...Heworksasawriter.八、from的用法1.来自efrom2.从….到(to)…tellAfromBfromdoortodoor【典型例题】[例题1]（）MoreandmorepeopleinShanghaiareabletotalkandwriteEnglishthesedays.A.forB.withC.inD.to[例题2]（）MumtodayisMother’sDay.MikeandIwanttoinviteyoutohavedinnerusatShanghaiRestaurant,whichisfamous________itsseafood.A.with,of B.with,forC.for,toD.to,for[例题3]（）WushuisbeingmoreandmorepopularA.among B.for C.in [例题4]（）A.at B.by C.on [例题5]（）TheforeignersarrivedShanghailatenight.A.at...at B.in...atC.in...in D.at...in[例题6]（）Howsoonshallwestartthebicycletrip?.A.Inthreeday’ B.AfterthreedaysC.Inthreedays’time D.Afterthreedays’time[例题7]（）YesterdaymorningTomhurriedtoclasshisschoolbooks,sohehadtoshareMary’s.A.without B.for C.withD.past[例题8]（）IhaveyouhavegotatickettheOpeningCeremonyoftheBeijingOlympics.Yes,Igotitmyuncle.A.of,from B.to,by C.to,from D.for,to[例题9]（）I’dlikeacupofcoffeesomesugarandmilk.A.in B.to C.ofD.with[例题10]（）It’snotalwaysnecessarytolookupthewordsthedictionarywhilereading.Sometimesweneedtoguess.A.on B.in C.atD.from[例题11]（）WhydidyouallgoswimmingTom?Becausehewasillathome.A.with B.besides C.beside D.except[例题12]（）Afterclass,IlikeplayingputergamesandchattingmyfriendstheInternet.A.to,byBwith,onC.for,inD.about,through[例题13]（）Ben’spositionisalmostperfectseveralspellingmistakes.A.exceptB.exceptforC.besidesD.beside[例题14]（）It’simportantthepianowell.A.ofhimtoplay B.forhimtoplayC.ofhimplaying D.forhimplaying[例题15] （）aplayer,I’mlookingforwardthe2008OlympicGames.A.For,atB.As,toC.With,forD.Of,to知识点六形容词和副词【掌握目标】高频考点考试比重掌握情况副词词义辨析1%□一般□良好□优秀形容词的比较级和最高级2%□一般□良好□优秀【知识梳理】一、副词词义辨析时间副词now现在then然后today今天ago以前justnow刚才lastweek上周地点副词here这儿there那儿home在家where在哪里anywhere任何地方out在外面方式副词carefully小心地happily高兴地slowly慢慢地silently沉默地quietly安静地bravely勇敢地kindly好心地suddenly突然地程度副词much很very非常so如此too太enough足够quite相当almost几乎疑问副词where哪里when什么时候why为什么how怎样频率副词often经常usually通常sometimes有时never从不always总是评论副词luckily幸运地generally一般来说honestly诚实地naturally自然地hopefully有希望地briefly简洁地surely当然frankly坦白连接副词whenwherewhy二、形容词的比较级和最高级（一）规则变化情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加er或estnew longnewerlongernewestlongest以e结尾加r或stfinelatefinerlaterfinestlatest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词变y为i再加er或estearlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest以重读闭音节结尾的词先双写辅音字母，再加er或esthotthinfathotterthinnerfatterhottestthinnestfattest多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more/mostuseful

difficult

delicious

moreusefulmoredifficultmoredeliciousmostuseful

mostdifficult

mostdelicious（二）不规则变化原级

比较级

最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfather/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest【典型例题】[例题1]（）Thereare_______Englishmagazinesinmyschoolbag.Icanlendyouoneortwo.A.few B.little C.afew D.alittle[例题2]（）Mygrandmafeltworseaftertakingsuchmedicine.A.muchmore B.even C.evenmore D.more[例题3]（）Don'tworry.Wendycanlookafteryourbird__________whenyou'reout.A.care B.careful C.careless D.carefully[例题4]（）TheIPadisoneof__________amongtheyoungpeopleallovertheworld.A.themostpopulartabletputers B.themostpopulartabletputerC.themorepopulartabletputers D.themorepopulartabletputer[例题5]（）Thecheesecakesmeltso__________thatthekidaskedformore.A.well B.sweet C.awful D.badly[例题6]（）Ofthetwopairsofjeans,Ichose________onebecauseIhadn'tenoughmoneyonme. A.expensive B.moreexpensiveC.thelessexpensive D.themostexpensive[例题7]（）—Linda,passmyglassestome,please.Ican________readthewordsinthenewspaper.—OK.A.hardlyB.nearly C.clearly D.almost[例题8]（）Thestoryinthenewspapersounds________,butwheredidthewomanjournalistgetit?A.wellB.trueC.loudlyD.properly[例题9]（）SinceJenniferis________girlintheclass,youcanfindhereasilyintheclassroom.A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest[例题10]（）BothmyhusbandandIthinkitisthemostamusingstorywehave________heard.A.everB.neverC.hardlyD.already[例题11]（）Theyoungmanfellinlovewitha_____girlandtheygotmarriedtwomonthslater.A.lovelyB.happilyC.gentlyD.beautifully[例题12]（）Itishardtosaywhichsubjectis_______thantheothersintheingyears. A.useful B.moreusefulC.mostuseful D.themostuseful[例题13]（）Passmyglassestome,Robert.Icanseethewordsinthenewspaper.A.clearlyB.politelyC.easilyD.hardly[例题14]（）Whichlanguageistolearn,English,French,orChinese? A.DifficultB.moredifficultC.thedifficultD.themostdifficult[例题15]（）Idon’tliketheweatherinFebruarythisyearbecausetherewere________rainydays.A.much B.few C.many D.little知识点七连词【掌握目标】高频考点考试比重掌握情况并列连词1%□一般□良好□优秀从属连词2%□一般□良好□优秀【知识梳理】一、连词的分类连词是连接单词、短语或句子的一种虚词，起辅助作用，在句子中不单独作成分。根据在句子中所起的作用不同，连词通常分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接属于同一层次并具有同等句法功能的词、短语或句子；而从属连词用来连接不同层次，带有主从关系的词、短语或句子。二、并列连词并列连词词义例句and和，又，及Heislaughingandtalking.but但是，可是Heispoor,buthonest.or或者Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?so因此，所以Hewasill,sohecouldn’tgotoschoolyesterday.both…and…两者都Bothyouandsheareright.notonly…butalso…不但……而且……Notonlyyoubutalsoeveryoneherelikeswatchingfootballmatch.either…or…或者……或者……EitherheorIamright.neither…nor…既不……也不……NeitherthetwinsnorLiLeihasbeentoShanghai.三、从属连词分类连词词义例句表示时间when当……时Thestudentsweretalkingwhentheteachercamein.while当……时IwasdoingmyhomeworkwhilemyfatherwaswatchingTV.after在……之后I’llgotoplayfootballafterIfinishmyhomework.before在……之前Pleaseturnoffthelightbeforeyouleavetheroom.till,until直到……为止I’llwaittill/untilhearrives.不到……不Shewon’tgethometill/untilitgetsdark.assoonas一……就I’llcallyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.since自从……Hehaslivedheresince1980.表示条件if如果We’llgoforapicnicifitdoesn’train.unless除非，如果不TheywillhaveapicnicunlessitrainsnextSunday.表示原因because因为Hedidn’tebecausehewasill.since既然Sincewehavegotreadyforit,let’ssetoff.as因为AsI’mnotathome,pleaseleaveamessage.表示目的sothat以便于Hegotupearlysothathecouldgetthereintime.inorderthat为了Heworkshardinorderthathecangotoagoodcollege.表示结果so…that如此……以至于……Theboxissoheavythatwecan’tcarryit.such…that如此……以至于……Itissuchaheavyboxthatnobodycanmoveitaway.表示让步though/although虽然Heoftenhelpsothersalthoughheisnotrich.表示比较as像……一样Doasyoulike.as…as…和……一样HeranasfastasMike.notas…as不及……Itisn’taseasyasyouthink.than比……ShejumpedhigherthanRose.【典型例题】[例题1]（）﹣_______Jim_______Tomwenttowatchthemovie．﹣Whatapity!Theymissedsuchawonderfulmovie．A．Either；or B．Both；and C．Neither；nor D．Notonly；butalso[例题2]（）﹣Imustgohome．﹣Ifyoumust，atleastwait______therainstops．A．Since B．as C．till D．when[例题3]（）Idon'twantthatT﹣shirt_____it'stoobigforme．A．but B．because C．So D．and[例题4]（）﹣Kate'sdadisgettingolder.Shewillgobacktoseehimitisconvenient．﹣Everyoneshoulddothat．A．because B．although C．whenever D．unless[例题5]（）Lucydoesn'teatice﹣cream_________shedoesn'twanttobefat．A．after B．but C．because D．and[例题6]（）Mymotherwascooking________Ilefthome.A．when B．while C．until D．assoonas[例题7]（）Behelpfultoothers，______youcangethelpfromothers．A．but B．until C．and D．or[例题8]（）InSeattle，itrainsalot，____bringanumbrellawhenyougothere．A．for B．or C．but D．so[例题9]（）Mylittlesisterdoesn'tlikemeat________vegetables．A．or B．but C．and D．/[例题10]（）﹣Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?﹣No,thanks．________I'dlikesomethingtodrink．A．If B．And C.But D．/[例题11]（）﹣Julie，youknowicecreamisunhealthyfood．﹣Yes，Mom，________Ijustlikeit．A．so B．and C．but D．or[例题12]（）WangLingotgoodgradesintheexams______herhardworklastterm．A．before B．Without C．across D．through[例题13]（）﹣______youtakeacloselookatwildanimals，youwon'tknowhowmuchdangertheywillface．﹣Weshouldacttogethertoprotectwildanimals．A．Though B．If C．Because D．Unless[例题14]（）Dogsaregoodpets，________Idonotlikeitwhentheyleavehairallover．A．or B．but C．and D．so[例题15]（）Jennywon'tbeallowedtoenterthetheatre_________shehasaticket．A．if B．since C．unless D．although知识点八动词和动词短语【掌握目标】高频考点考试比重掌握情况实义动词2%□一般□良好□优秀系动词及助动词1%□一般□良好□优秀动词短语2%□一般□良好□优秀【知识梳理】一、实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词,又可称为行为动词,如work,study,run等。按其句法作用分为及物动词和不及物动词。（一）及物动词及物动词本身意义不完整，后面要跟一个名词或代词等作宾语才能使其意思完整。1.动词+宾语。DickiswatchingTV.迪克正在看电视。2.动词+宾语+宾补。WecallherLinda.我们叫她琳达。3.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。Myfriendoftengivesmesomeoldbooks.我的朋友经常给我一些旧书。（二）不及物动词不及物动词自身意思完整，无需接宾语。后接宾语时,必须先加介词、副词等,使其变成及物的动词短语。Hedoesn’tagree.他不同意。Sheislookingatthepicture.她正在看照片。二、系动词分类定义常见词例子系动词本身有意义，但不能单独作谓语，须和表语构成谓语。常见的系动词有：bee(变得),get(成为，变得),look(看上去),seem(似乎，好像)Themountainlookssobeautiful.这座山看起来真漂亮。这些词没有被动语态形式，也不用于进行时态。turn(变得),sound(听起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(感觉),keep(保持)等。Itsoundsgreat！听起来很棒！三、助动词分类定义常见词例子助动词助动词本身无词义或意义不完整，不能单独用作谓语。它必须和别的动词连用。常用的助动词有：is,am,are,was,were,isn't,aren't,wasn't,weren't,amnot,do,doesTomisreadingabookunderthetree.汤姆正在树下看书。助动词帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。did,doesn't,don't,didn't,will,won't,have,has,haven't,hasn't等。WhatdidyoudolastSaturday?上星期六你做了什么？四、动词短语以动词为中心构成的短语称为动词短语。1.动词+介词。这类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须有宾语,宾语(不管是代词还是名词)只能放在介词后。在被动语态中,整个短语要作为整体看待,不可拆开或漏缺。Listentothemusic.听音乐。Listentomecarefully.仔细听我讲。2.动词+副词。接代词作宾语时,代词必须放在动词后、副词前;当宾语是名词时,放在副词前后均可。Hepickeditupandgaveittoher.他把它捡起来并递给了她。Heturnedonthelight.他打开了灯。3.动词+副词+介词。宾语只能放在介词之后。Theywentonwiththeworkafterashortrest.短暂休息后他们继续工作。4.动词+名词+介词。这类短语中的名词前可以加形容词作定语,其后的宾语只能放在介词之后。Pleasepaymoreattentiontothisproblem!请多加注意这个问题!5.动词+反身代词(+介词)。这类短语相当于及物动词,其后可接宾语。Helpyourselftothefruit.请随便吃点水果吧。【典型例题】[例题1]（）﹣Threehundredyuancanfully______amiddlestudent'sneedsinaweek．﹣It'strue．A．win B．cover C．choose D．expect[例题2]（）﹣Kateisreallyapolitegirl．﹣Yes．Shealways______well．A．learns B．educates C．behaves D．develops[例题3]（）﹣Dad，where'smytoycat？Canyouhelpme______it?﹣It'sinyourschoolbag．A．guess B．try C．find D．look[例题4]（）Yournewwatch_________verynice．A．looks B．sounds C．sees D．listens[例题5]（）﹣WholikesP．E.?﹣Dale________.A．is B．do C．does D．can[例题6]（）﹣Whenwillyoufinish______putergames?﹣At9：30.A．playing B．plays C．play D．toplay[例题7]（）Manypeoplelikethissongbecauseit______people'shearts．A．touches B．serves C．fills D．covers[例题8]（）Don'tbeangry______him．Hehasalreadytriedhisbest．A．with B．for C．of D．in[例题9]（）Wehavetotakeactionimmediatelytopreventthesituation________gettingworse．A．with B．from C．for D．to[例题10]（）Thepanyislooking________staffwhoarewillingtolearnnewskills．A．for B．at C．up D．a