考研《英语一》2023年黑龙江省伊春市汤旺河区全真模拟试题含解析

考研《英语一》2023年黑龙江省伊春市汤旺河区全真模拟试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Itwaspouringoutside．Weallstoodthere1,somepatient,othersannoyed2naturemessed(弄糟)theirhurriedday．Igotlostinthesoundandsightoftheheavens3awaythedirtanddustoftheworld．“Mom，let’srunthroughtherain,”agirl’svoice4me.“No,honey.We’llwaituntilit5downabit,”Momreplied.Theyounggirlwaitedaboutanotherminuteand6,“Mom,let’srunthroughtherain.”“We’llgetwetifwedo.”Momsaid.“No,wewon’t,Mom.That’snotwhatyousaidthismorning,”theyounggirlsaidasshe7herMom’sarm.“Thismorning?8didIsaywecouldrunthroughtherainandnotgetwet?”“Don’tyouremember?WhenyouweretalkingtoDaddyabouthiscancer,”yousaid,”IfGodcangetusthroughthis,hecangetusthrough9.”Theentirecrowdturned10.Mompausedandthoughtforamomentabout11shewouldsay.Nowsomewouldlaughitoffandscoldherforbeing12.Butthenweheard,“Honey,youare13.Let’srunthroughtherain.Ifwegetwet,maybewejustneedwashing.”Momsaid.Then14theyran.Weallstood15,smilingandlaughingastheyranpastthecars.Yes,theygotwet.Buttheywere16byafewwhoscreamedandlaughedlikechildrenallthe17totheircars.Circumstances(境况)orpeoplecantakeawayyourmaterialpossessions（物资财富）,andtheycaneventakeawayyour18.Butnoonecanevertakeawayyourprecious19.So,don’tforgettomaketimeandtakethe20tomakememorieseveryday!Ihopeyoustilltakethetimetorunthroughtherain.1、A．talking B．waiting C．complaining D．expecting2、A．asif B．evenif C．because D．when3、A．taking B．putting C．driving D．washing4、A．caught B．broke C．impressed D．called5、A．slows B．comes C．pushes D．calms6、A．asked B．repeated C．required D．added7、A．pulled B．touched C．waved D．felt8、A．Why B．How C．When D．Where9、A．therain B．thedisease C．anything D．something10、A．still B．silent C．serious D．angry11、A．what B．how C．whether D．if12、A．dishonest B．silly C．daring D．forgetful13、A．right B．wrong C．stupid D．clever14、A．off B．along C．on D．over15、A．sighing B．joking C．discussing D．watching16、A．followed B．guided C．respected D．praised17、A．time B．way C．same D．best18、A．house B．money C．health D．time19、A．children B．memories C．courage D．experience20、A．possibilities B．opportunities C．.risk D．challengeSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Youknowthefeelingthatyouhaveleftyourphoneathomeandfeelanxious,asifyouhavelostyourconnectiontotheworld.“Nomophobia”(无手机恐惧症)affectsteenagersandadultsalike.Youcanevendoanonlinetesttoseeifyouhaveit.Lastweek,researchersfromHongKongwarnedthatnomophobiaisinfectingeveryone.Theirstudyfoundthatpeoplewhousetheirphonestostore,shareandaccesspersonalmemoriessuffermost.Whenuserswereaskedtodescribehowtheyfeltabouttheirphones,wordssuchas“hurt”(neckpainwasoftenreported)and“alone”predictedhigherlevelsofnomophobia.“Thefindingsofourstudysuggestthatusersregardsmartphonesastheirextendedselvesandgetattachedtothedevices,”saidDr.KimKiJoon.“Peopleexperiencefeelingsofanxietyandunpleasantnesswhenseparatedfromtheirphones.”Meanwhile,anAmericanstudyshowsthatsmartphoneseparationcanleadtoanincreaseinheartrateandbloodpressure.Socanbeingwithoutyourphonereallygiveyouseparationanxiety?ProfessorMarkGriffiths,psychologistanddirectoroftheInternationalGamingResearchUnitatNottinghamTrentUniversity,saysitiswhatisonthephonethatcounts-thesocialnetworkingthatcreatesFomo(fearofmissingout).“Wearetalkingaboutaninternet-connecteddevicethatallowspeopletodealwithlotsofaspectsoftheirlives,”saysGriffiths.“Youwouldhavetosurgicallyremoveaphonefromateenagerbecausetheirwholelifeisrootedinthisdevice.”Griffithsthinksattachmenttheory,wherewedevelopemotionaldependencyonthephonebecauseitholdsdetailsofourlives,isasmallpartofnomophobia.For“screenagers”,itisFomothatcreatesthemostseparationanxiety.Iftheycan’tseewhat’shappeningonSnapchatorInstagram,theybecomepanic-strickenaboutnotknowingwhat’sgoingonsocially.“Buttheyadaptveryquicklyifyoutakethemonholidayandthere’snointernet,”saysGriffiths.1、WhichofthefollowingmayDr.KimKiJoonagreewith?A．Wewastetoomuchtimeonphones.B．Phoneshavebecomepartofsomeusers.C．Addictiontophonesmakesmemoriessuffer.D．Phonesandbloodpressurearecloselylinked.2、AccordingtoGiffiths,wegetnomophobiabecause.A．weareaccustomedtohavingaphoneonusB．weneedourphonestohelpusstoreinformationC．weworrywemaymissoutwhatourfriendsaredoingD．wefearwithoutphoneswewillrunintoalotoftrouble3、Wherecanyouprobablyfindtheabovepassage?A．Inaresearchreport. B．Inafashionbrochure.C．Inasciencetextbook. D．Inapopularsciencemagazine.Text2Manyofushavereachedinourpockets,feelingavibration(振动),wronglybelievingourmobilephoneshavejustrung.Thephenomenonevenhasaname:‘phantom(幻觉的)vibrationsyndrome’—andfounditissurprisinglycommon.Nowscientistsbelievethatwearesoalert(警觉)forphonecallsandmessageswearemisinterpretingslightmusclespasms(痉挛）asproofofacall.RobertRosenberger,anassistantprofessorattheGeorgiaTechInstituteofTechnologyhasstudiedthedelusionalcalls.Hesaidsufferersdescribeavaguetinglingfeelingwhichtheythinkistheirmobilephoneindicatingithasreceivedatextmessageorcallwhileon‘silent’.Butwhenthedeviceisretrieved,therewasnooneontheotherend.Dr.Rosenbergersaidhefoundsomanypeoplesay,“Thishappenstome,butIthoughtIwastheonlyone.IthoughtIwasodd.”Itseemsthatthesyndromeparticularlyaffectspeopleatthebeckandcallofmobilephonesorpagers.A2010studybyMichaelRothbergandcolleaguesfoundthatnearly70percentofdoctorsatahospitalinMassachusettssufferedphantomvibrations.AmorerecentstudyofUScollegestudentsfoundthefigurewasashighas90percent.Whiletheoddfeelingiswidespread,itdoesnotseemtobeconsideredagraveproblem.Dr.Rosenbergersaid:“It’snotactuallyasyndromeinatechnicalsense.That’sjustthenamethat’sgotstucktoit.”Headded,”Only2percentofpeopleconsideritaproblem.”Whilethisphenomenoniswidespread,thescientificcommunityhasnotyetinvestedmucheffortingettingtothebottomofwhywesufferphantomcalls.Dr.Rosenbergersaid:“Peopleareguessingithassomethingtodowithnervousenergy.Thecognitive（认知的）scientistsaretalkingaboutbrainchemistry,cognitivepathwayschanging.Butit’snotliketheyhavebrainscanstogoon.”Hesaid:“Wehaveaphonecallinourpocketallthetimeanditbecomessortofanextensionofourselves.Wehavethissortofreadinesstoexperienceacall.Wefeelsomethingandwethink,OK,thatcouldbeacall.”1、Whydosomepeoplemistakeslightmusclespasmsforacall?A．Theyallhaveavividimagination.B．Theyaresensitivetocallsandmessages.C．Therearefewcallsandmessagesintheirlife.D．Slightmusclespasmsaffectthemmorethanotherpeople.2、Whichofthefollowingaremorelikelytohavephantomvibrationsyndromethanothers?A．Doctors. B．Universityprofessors.C．Collegestudents. D．Thecognitivescientists.3、InDr.Rosenberger’sopinion,phantomvibrationsyndrome.A．isn’takindofdiseaseactuallyB．isconsideredaproblembymostpeopleC．isaseriousproblemignoredbypeopleD．hassomethingtodowithbrainchemistry4、Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Mostpeoplehavephantomvibrationsyndrome.B．Howtokeepawayfromphantomvibrationsyndrome.C．Howtoreducephantomphonevibrations.D．Peoplecaretoomuchaboutphantomphonevibrations.Text3Overthepastfewyears,smarthometechhasbecomemoreandmoreaccessibleandit’sincreasinglyeasytofindthatyou’veboughtaproductthatincludessmarthomefeatures.Sowhatdoesamodemsmarthomelooklike,andhowcanyoustartbuildingone?Youcouldgettostartmakingyourhomesmarterbythefollowinggadgets.Ecobee4*Measuringbothoccupancyandtemperature,itssensorssignalyourEcobeetoautomaticallyswitchtotherightmode.*Itonlytakesabout30minutes.thankstoaneasy-to-followinstallationguideandanin-appstep-by-stepwalkthrough.*Easilyadjusttemperatureusingyourvoicewithbuilt-inAlexaorfromwhereveryouareusingyourmobiledevices.AmazonSmartPlug*AmazonSmartPlugworkswithAlexatoaddvoicecontrol.*Schedulelights,fans,andappliancestoturnonandoffautomatically,orcontrolthemremotelywhenyou’reaway.*It’ssimpletosetupanduse.Plugin,openAlexaapp,andstartusingyourvoice.ThePhilipsHueWhiteSmartBulb*ItworkswithAmazonAlexatosupportdimmingthroughvoicecontrol.*Scheduleyourowncustomlightingscenes.Setthesmartbulbstoturnonandoffatapre-settime.Toinstall,simplyscrew(拧)thesmartbulbsintoyourdesiredlightlocation.*Controlsmart-bulb-equippedlampsandoverheadlightsviathePhilipsHueApp.AugustSmartLockPro*ItworkswithAlexaforvoicecontrol(Alexadevicesoldseparately).*Controlkeylessaccess.Itlocksautomaticallybehindyou,andunlocksasyouapproach.*Installinabout10minuteswithjustascrewdriver(螺丝刀).1、Whatdothefourgadgetshaveincommon?A．UsefulPhilipsHueApp. B．Beautifullightingscenes.C．Easyinstallationandsimpleset-up. D．Pleasanttemperature.2、Thispassageisintendedto________.A．introducethegadgetsofsmarthome B．provideadviceforhomedecorationC．comparethegadgetswithothers D．showthepopularityofthegadgetsText4Chinabecamethefirstcountrytocloneamonkeyusingnon-reproductivecells,reducingtheneedtobreedlabmonkeysandpavingthewayformoreaccurate,effectiveandaffordableanimaltestsfornewdrugs,scientistssaidonThursday.ByDecember,theInstituteofNeuroscienceoftheChineseAcademyofScienceshadcreatedtwoclonemacaques(猕猴)named”ZhongZhong”and“HuaHua”bynucleartransferringofsomaticcells(体细胞)-anycellintheorganismotherthanreproductivecells.Tetra,amonkeybornin1999,istheworld'sfirstclonedmonkey,butitwasdonebyusingasimplermethodcalledembryosplitting(胚胎分割);butitcouldonlygeneratefourclonedoffspringatatimeandcannotbegeneticallychangedtosuittheexperimentalneed.Cloningamonkeyusingsomaticcellshasbeenaworld-classchallengebecauseitisaprimate(灵长类)thatsharesitsgeneticmakeup,andthereforeallofitscomplexity,withhumans.Fordrugandotherlabtests,scientistshavetopurchasemonkeysfromallovertheworld,whichiscostlyandbadfortheenvironment,andproducesinaccurateresultsbecauseeachmonkeymighthavedifferentgenes.Bycloningmonkeyusingsomaticcells,wecanmassivelycultivatelargenumbersofgeneticallyidenticaloffspringinashortamountoftime,andwecanevenchangetheirgenestosuitourneeds.Thiscansavetime,cutdownexperimentcosts,andproducemoreaccurateresults,leadingtomoreeffectivemedicine.SunQiang,directorofthenon-humanprimateresearchfacilityattheinstitute,saidmostofthedrugtrialsarecurrentlydoneonlabmice.However,drugsthatworkonmicemightnotworkorevenhaveseveresideeffectsonhumansbecausethetwospeciesaresodifferent“Monkeysandhumansarebothprimates,sotheyaremuchcloselyrelatedandtestingonmonkeysissupposedtobeaseffectiveastestingonhumans,”hesaid.Thisisespeciallyusefulintestingdrugsforneural(神经的)diseasessuchasParkinson’sdisease,metabolicsyndrome(代谢综合症)andimmunesystemdiseases,andtumors,headded.“ThisachievementwillhelpChinaleadtheworldresearchintheinternationalscienceprojectsrelatedtoneuralmappingofprimatebrains,"hesaid."However,biolabsfromtheUnitedStates,Japan,andEuropeancountriesarealsoverycapable,andtheywillquicklycatchupwithChinaafterthemonkeycloningtechnologyismadepublic,"Sunadded.“Thismeanswehavetoinnovatecontinuouslyandworkextrahardthisyeartostayahead,"hesaid.1、Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactorincloningmacaquesnamed"ZhongZhong"and"HuaHua"?A．Reproductivecells.B．SomaticcellsC．Neuralmapping.D．Geneticmakeup2、Whyiscloningmonkeyssodifficult?A．Becauseitisbadforourenvironment.B．Becauseeachmonkeymighthavedifferentgenes.C．Becausemonkeys'geneticmakeupisascomplicatedashumans.D．Becauseitistooexpensivetoworkontheirgeneticmakeup.3、WhatisthemainideaofParagraph8?A．Thecureforneuraldiseases.B．Theprocessofcloningmonkeys.C．Thesignificanceofcloningmonkeys.D．Thecloserelationsbetweenmonkeysandhumans.4、Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A．Moreeffectivemedicinewillbeproduced.B．Drugtrialsonlabmicewillbeabandoned.C．Chinaisthefirstcountrytohaveclonedmonkeys.D．Chinawillstayaheadoftheworldincloning.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)LookingaroundthestreetsofLondon,you'llseemanypeopleondifferentmeansoftransport,1．it'sonacommutetowork,atriptotheshops,orasightseeingScooter,thistraditionalchildrenvehicle2．(become)moresophisticatedoverthepastyearsAndnow,3．theadditionofasmallelectricmotor,it'sbecomeacheapandeasymodeoftransportBeingfunandnotinvolvingmucheffort,scootingisgetting4．(increase)populararoundtheworldHowever,safetyproblemsarise5．scooterridershavebeenseenonpavements；othersontheroadjumpingredtrafficlights,addingtothefrustrationofmotorists6．(stick)injamsIntheUK,thelawstatesthatridingoneonthepublichighwayorpavement7．(forbid)Now,riders,facinga£100fixed-penaltynoticeandsixpointsontheirdrivinglicencefordoingso,arecallingon8．（regulate）tobechangedDespitethefactthatsomeofthemcanexceed10mph,theyonlyhaveonebrakeandnolights9．confidenttheridermaybe,largervehiclesontheroadmakethemeasilyhurtSoitseemsmoreworkrequires10．(do)togivee-scootersasafeandlegalspacetotravelGerrardStreetinLondon’sChinatownGerrardStreet,whichisbetweenLeicesterSquareandShaftsburyAvenue,isthemostimportantstreetintheareaThereis1．uniquecommunitywithmanyChineserestaurants,supermarketsandshopsInthe1950s,itwasapoorareaandeverythingtherewasverycheapWiththeworldricemarket2．(change),thousandsoffarmworkersinHongKong3．(lose)theirjobs,movingtoworkinsomerestaurantsinLondonManyBritishpeoplelikedChinesefood,sotherestaurantsbecamepopularTheworkersoftenworked17hoursadayandhadnotime4．(learn)EnglishDuetothe5．(arrive)ofmoreChinese,moreshopsandbusinessesgrewup6．(wife)cameandjoinedtheirhusbandswiththeirchildrenThecommunitygrew,andChinatownwasbornSincethe1970s,economyhaschangedforthe7．(good),andtheeducationstateofBritish-bornChinesestartedtoimproveManyfamiliesmovedout8．ChinatownGerrardStreetbecameastreetonlyforvisitorsLondon’sChinatownisverypopularinChineseNewYear,during9．timethousandsofChinesegointothestreetwithnationalflagsLondonersandtouristsgothere10．(main)forthefoodintheChineserestaurantsTheirfavoriterestaurantsarewheretheChineseeatSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?Psychologists(心理学家）havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness,butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy，researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedwithhappiness.1、.Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding.Latelastyear,Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones,andisn’tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Still,chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments,psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengers一somethingtheytypicallyavoided.2、.Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat，madeeyecontactwith,andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(服务员）reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易）.3、Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers,thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.4、.Inonestudy,peoplewhowererated“lesscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown,andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露）.Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.5、.A．Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.B．TheyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedwithhappinessC．Butdon’tplaydownsmalltalkjustyet.D．Ofcourse,somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.E.A“curiousmindset”，theauthorconcluded,canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”.F.Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.G.Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.Ifyouarelikemillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,theNewYearbringswithitnewgoals.Butyougetbusy.Yet,yourgoalremainsimportant.1、♦Identifyspecificgo