考研《英语一》贡觉县2023年临考冲刺试题含解析

考研《英语一》贡觉县2023年临考冲刺试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Aschildren,ourparentshaddreamsforus.Theywantedustodowhateverwasnecessarytoreachourhighest1.Laterinlife,friendsandspouses(配偶)mayalsohaveschedulesforus.Peopleclosetousmayhaveideasabout2weshouldliveourlives.Theideasusually3loveandthedesireforustobehappy.Othertimes,theycomefromaplaceofneedwithinthem—4itistheparentwhowantsusto5hisorherdreamsorthefriendwhowantsustoplayanalready­definedrole.Wecanappreciateandconsiderthosepeople'sinput,but6wemustfollowourowninnerguidance.Theremaycomeatimewhenallthesuggestionscanbecome7.Wemayfeelthatthepeoplewelovedon'tapproveofourjudgment,whichcan8ustosomeextent.Itcan9thechoiceswemakeforourlivesbymakingus10ourselves.Itmayalsofillavoid(空虚)withtheir11beforewe'vehadachancetodecidewhatwewant.However,itcanaffectus12aswell.Wemayhaveto13thefeelingsofresistanceandtokeepourselvesofffromthem.Butwecantakesometimeto14ourselvesofanyunnecessarydoubtsandgowithintobecome15onwhatwedesireforourselves.Wecantellourlovedoneshowmuchwe16theirthoughtsandideas,butthatweneedtoliveourownlivesandmakeourown17.Wecanexplainthattheyneedtoletuslearnfromourownexperiences18torobusofwonderfullifelessonsandtheopportunityto19ourownjudgment.Whentheyseethatwearehappywithourlives,theycanseeallweneedthemdoistoshare20withus.1、A．needB．abilityC．potentialD．creativity2、A．whatB．howC．whyD．where3、A．comeacrossB．putawayC．leadtoD．comefrom4、A．whetherB．ifC．whileD．when5、A．applytoB．liveoutC．managetoD．speedup6、A．desperatelyB．comfortablyC．eventuallyD．deliberately7、A．unreliableB．understandableC．practicalD．unbearable8、A．ignoreB．hurtC．defeatD．abandon9、A．abuseB．mixC．influenceD．reform10、A．fightB．scoldC．resistD．doubt11、A．wishesB．themesC．benefitsD．successes12、A．universallyB．abnormallyC．activelyD．effectively13、A．handleB．realizeC．avoidD．know14、A．remindB．ridC．informD．warn15、A．falseB．vainC．nuclearD．clear16、A．rewardB．praiseC．appreciateD．trust17、A．decisionsB．requirementsC．reservationsD．commands18、A．lessthanB．morethanC．otherthanD．ratherthan19、A．attainB．polishC．instructD．mature20、A．lessonB．joyC．opportunityD．freedomSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1At27,afterservinginWorldWarII,Idreamedofowningapieceofland.SoImovedfromcentralIllinoistoShelbina,Missouri,andbought236acresfor$6,000.Theplotoflandwassituatedonadirtroadandwashalffarmlandandhalftrees,withanoldhousethathadnorunningwaterorelectricity.Obviously,itwasnotwhatyou’dcallprimerealestate.Butitwasmine.Iwasaloneforthefirsttimeinmylife,andIfounditliberating.Mydayswerefilledfromdawnuntilduskwithplowingandplantingcorn.Dinnertimecameandwent,andIbarelyrememberedtoeat.Iwouldn’tsayIwasagreatsuccessatfarminginMissouri.However,whenIwenttothestoretobuysomeplowshares,ImetanicewomannamedClaudetteworkingbehindthecounter.IalsoranintoheratSt.Mary’sCatholicChurchinShelbinaeachweek.Ifoundoutlaterthathermanagerkeptaskingherabout“thattallboy(andeligiblebachelor)fromIllinoislivingoutinthecountryinanoldhousewithnowater,noelectricityandnohousekeeper.”Claudetteandhersistersoonvisitedmyfarmandputupsomecurtains.Toshowmyappreciation,ItookClaudetteoutforarideinmy2½-tonStudebakertruck.Wemarriedin1954andhavenowbeentogetherformorethan62years!IlatersoldtheMissourifarmfora$3,500profitandbought40acresinIllinois.Formanyreasons,buyingtheMissourifarmwasagoodidea.Iwillalwayscherishmemoriesofowningthefarmandmeetingmybeloved.1、WhentheauthorboughttheplotoflandinShelbina,________.A．itwaswellequippedB．hewasunsatisfiedwithitC．itwasnotarealestateD．heworkedveryhardonit2、Theunderlinedword“liberating”inparagraph2canbereplacedbytheword________.A．upsetB．interestingC．freeD．boring3、TheauthorregardsbuyingtheMissourifarmasagoodideabecause_______.A．hewasabletosellitatthepriceof$3,500B．hecouldrecallplentyofexperiencesinhisownfarmC．hegotthechancetomeethiswifeworkingatachurchinShelbinathenD．hecouldpurchaseanotherhouseinIllinoisasaresultofsuccessfulfarmingText2Americancollegestudentsarebecomingmoreadventuresomeastheystudyabroad,showinglessinterestsinEnglish-speakingdestinationssuchasGreatBritainandAustraliaandmoreinsuchcountriesasChina,India,ArgentinaandBrazil.Britainremainedthemostpopularstudydestinationin2005,accordingtoannualfiguresfromtheInstituteofInternationalEducation,followedbyItaly,SpainandFrance.ButthenumberofAmericanstudentsstudyinginBritainandAustraliadescendedalittle,evenasthenumberofAmericanstudentsabroadroseby8%.Thegrowthcameinnon-EnglishspeakingEuropeancountriesandinAsia.ChinaisnowtheeighthmostpopulardestinationforAmericanstudents,attractingnearly6,400in2005,up35%fromthenumberoftheyearbefore.ArgentinaandIndiasawincreasesofmorethan50%.AllanGoodman,presidentoftheInstituteofInternationalEducation,saidthatarangeoffactorscontributedtothetrend,fromgrowingawarenessofglobalizationaftertheterroristattacksonSeptember11,2001,toprogramssuchasformerPresidentBush’sNationalSecurityLanguageInitiative,whichtrainssoldiers,intelligenceofficersanddiplomatsinforeignlanguages.“WhatAmericansaredoingiswakingupanddiscoveringthere’saworldoutthere,”hesaid.Otherfiguresshowedtheflowofstudentsintheoppositedirection,fromforeigncountriesintoAmericanuniversities.Theinstitutefoundthatinternationalenrollment(入学)inAmericanhighereducationremainedsteadyatabout565,000.Thefiguresareofkeeninteresttouniversities,whichdependonforeignstudentsforteachingandresearchhelp,andtopolicy-makers,whoconsideritimportant,asfutureforeignleadersmaybefamiliarwiththeUnitedStates.Theyearof2005sawbigincreasesinstudentsfromSouthKorea,MexicoandTaiwanofChina.IndiasendsthemoststudentsandChinaisNo.2.OthercountriesthatshowlargepercentageincreasesinthenumberofstudentssenttotheUSincludeNepalandVietnam,whileJapan,TurkeyandMalaysiasawdeclines.About58%ofinternationalstudentsintheUScomefromAsia.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“descended”inParagraph2means?A．Changed.B．Declined.C．Multiplied.D．Increased.2、WhydomoreAmericanstudentsstudyinAsia?A．Theyexpecttogetmoreteachingandresearchhelp.B．TheyloseconfidenceinEnglish-speakingcountries.C．Theyareafraidthatterroristattackswillhappenagain.D．Theyprefertoexploreadifferentworldfromtheirown.3、WhereweremostforeignstudentsinAmericafromin2005?A．China.B．India.C．Argentina.D．Britain.4、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Therewere6,400AmericanstudentsstudyinginChinain2005.B．ChinesestudentstoAmericawilloverpassIndiansinthefuture.C．InternationalenrollmentinAmericanhighereducationchangedalot.D．AsianstudentsaccountforalargepartofforeignstudentsinAmerica.Text34-year-oldAntonioVicentehasspentthelastfourdecadesofhislifefightingagainstthetrend.AsBrazilianlandownerscutdownrainforeststomakeroomforprofitableplantations(种植园)andcattlegrounds,hestruggledtobringthejunglesofhischildhoodbacktolife.“WhenIwasachild,thepeasantscutdownthetreestomakegrasslandsandcharcoal,andthewaterdriedupanddidnotcomeback,”hetoldthereporters,“Ithought:‘Waterisvaluable,noonemakeswaterandthepopulationwillnotstopgrowing.Whatisgoingtohappen?Wearegoingtorunoutofwater.’”Withonlysomedonkeysandasmallteamofhiredworkers,AntonioVicentesetaboutbringingbacktheforesttohisland.Whatstartedoutasaweekendhobbysoonbecameapermanentwayoflife,andAntoniorecallsoftenspendingwholedaysandnightsinhisyoungjungle,surroundedbyratsandfoxes,andeatingbananasandwichesforbreakfast,lunchanddinner.Overthelast40years,hehasplantedanestimated50,000treesonhis31-hectareland,whichnowmakeupasmallbutuniqueareaofrainforest,andahavenforwildlife.Astheforestgrew,thewaterreturned,andAntoniosaysthattherearenowover20water,sourcesonhislandthatwerenolongertherewhenheboughtit.Thentheanimalsstartedmakingahomethere,Today,theforestisalivewiththesoundsofbirdsandinsectslivingthere,andmorespeciesaresettlingineveryyear.“Therearetoucans(巨嘴鸟),allkindsofbirds,squirrels,lizards,andeventheboarsarereturning,”4-year-oldVicentesays,“Ifyouaskmewhomyfamilyare,Iwouldsayallthisrighthere,eachoneofthesethatIplantedfromaseed.”1、WhatdowelearnabouttheBrazilianpeasants?A．Theywastedmuchwateronfarming.B．Theyfocusedonshort-termprofits,C．Theycaredmuchabouttheenvironment.D．Theyreliedheavilyonrainforestsforaliving.2、WhatusedtobeyoungAntonio’sbiggestconcern?A．Overpopulation. B．Pollutedwater.C．Lossofgrasslands. D．Watershortage.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“haven”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Trap B．DisasterC．Shelter D．Balance4、Inthelastparagraph,Antoniomainlyexpresseshis________.A．affectionforhisforest B．thanksforhisfamilyC．deeploveforrarebirds D．prideasasuccessfulfarmerText4Longbeforetheycanactuallyspeak,babiespayspecialattentiontothespeechtheyheararoundthem.Withinthefirstmonthoftheirlives,babies’responsestothesoundofthehumanvoicewillbedifferentfromtheirresponsestoothersortsofhearingstimulation.Theywillstopcryingwhentheyhearapersontalking,butnotiftheyhearabellorthesoundofarattle.Atfirst,thesoundsthatababynoticesmightbeonlythosewordsthatreceivetheheaviestemphasisandthatoftenoccurattheendsofutterances(讲话，说话).Bythetimetheyaresixorsevenweeksold,babiescandetectthedifferencebetweensyllablespronouncedwithrisingandfallingtones.Verysoon,thesedifferencesinadultstressandintonationcaninfluencebabies’emotionalstatesandbehavior.Longbeforetheydevelopactuallanguagecomprehension,babiescansensewhenanadultishappyorangry,attemptingtobeginorendnewbehavior,andsoon,merelyonthebasisofcluessuchastherate,volume,andmelodyofadultspeech.Adultsmakeitaseasyastheycanforbabiestopickupalanguagebyexaggerating(夸张)suchclues.Oneresearcherobservedbabiesandtheirmothersinsixdiverseculturesandfoundthat,inallsixlanguages,themothersusedsimplifiedutterancesandnonsensesounds,andtransformedcertainsoundsintobabytalk.Otherresearchershavenotedthatwhenmotherstalktobabieswhoareonlyafewmonthsold,theyexaggeratethepitch,loudness,andintensityoftheirwords.Theyalsoexaggeratetheirfacialexpressions,holdvowels(元音)longer,andemphasizecertainwords.Moresignificantforlanguagedevelopmentthantheirresponsetogeneralintonationisobservationthattinybabiescanmakerelativelyfinedistinctionsbetweenspeechsounds.Inotherwords,babiesentertheworldwiththeabilitytomakethosepreciselyperceptual（知觉的，感性的）recognitionthatarenecessaryiftheyaretoacquirelisteninglanguage.Babiesobviouslyobtainpleasurefromsoundinput,too:evenasyoungasninemonthstheywilllistentosongsorstories,althoughthewordsthemselvesarebeyondtheirunderstanding.Forbabies,languageisasensory-motordelightratherthantheroutetoboringmeaningthatitoftenisforadults.1、Theauthormentionssyllableswithrisingandfallingtonesto.A．showhowdifficultitisforbabiestointerpretemotionsB．provideanexampleofwaysadultsspeaktobabiesC．giveareasonforbabies’difficultyintellingoneadultfromanotherD．showasix-week-oldbabycanalreadytellsomelanguagedifferences2、WhatcanbeinferredaboutthefindingsdescribedinParagraph2?A．Mothersfromdifferentculturesspeaktotheirbabiesinsimilarways.B．Babiesignorefacialexpressionsinunderstandinglisteninglanguage.C．Themotherswereunconsciouslyteachingtheirbabiestospeak.D．Mothersonlyexaggeratetheirtoneswhentalkingtobabies.3、Whydobabieslistentosongsandstories,eveniftheycan’tunderstand?A．Theyunderstandtherhythm.B．Theyenjoythesound.C．Theycanrememberthemeasily.D．Theyfocusonthemeaning.4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Babiescandetectsoundsotherthanthehumanvoice.B．Babies’waystolearnalanguagedifferfromadults’.C．Babiescanrespondtothespeechbeforetheycanspeak.D．Babiescantellthesoundofthehumanvoicefromothersounds.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)It’ssoclose,andyetitalwaysseemedsofaraway．1．(get)totheruraldistrictjustafewhundred2．(meter)awayontheothersideofthebay,nativepeopleusedtohavetojumponaboatordriveabout160kilometers－partofthatjourneyon3．(dust)road．NowanyonewantingtogetfromdowntownMaputo,capitalofMozambique,toKatembe,orviceversa,candosoeasily,andinamatterofminutes,thankstothelongesttwin-towersuspensionbridgeinAfrica,4．hangsoverMaputoBay．“Mozambiquehadlongplannedtobuildabridgelinkingthenorthandsouthofthebay,butnothingcameofthembecause5．alackofmoneyandtechnology,”saidWangLijun,vice-presidentofChinaRoadandBridgeCorporation(公司),whichbuilt6．bridge．TheMaputo-KatembeBridge,7．(open)inNovemberafterfouryearsofconstruction,ispartoftheMaputoBridgeandLinkRoadsprojectwhich8．(build)byCRBC．It9．(be)187kilometerslongandservesasanimportanthighwaythatdirectlylinksMaputototheborderwithSouthAfrica,tothesouth．“Bynight,whenthelightsareon,it’s10．(especial)impressive,”Wangsaid,andasalandmarkitcouldhelpdeveloptourismandattractoverseasinvestmentforMozambique．Askidsreachadolescence,theyoftenfaceincreasingworkloadsandresponsibilitiesbutschoolstillstartsearlyAsaresult,it1．(report)that80to90percentofteensdon’tgetenoughsleepThissleep2．(lose)causeskidstosuffermentallyandphysicallyButtoomuchsleepalsohasitsproblemsAccordingtoAndrewFuligni,asleepdoctorinafamoushospital,3．studiesthementalhealthofadolescents,sleepinglessthaneighthours4．more,thantencanmaketeenagersfedworsethenextday5．(help)teensgetenoughsleep,someschoolshavealreadymadeschoolstartlaterTheyhavefoundthatthelatertimesletkidssleepmoreTheyalsohaveseen6．(high)testscoresandbettergraduationratesHowever,thisisn’tenoughMeanwhile,teenagershavetohelp7．(they)Fulignisuggeststeenssleepfor10hourseachnightforaweekortwoThiswillhelpthemfigure8．howmuchsleeptheyrequiretofedtheirbestHowever,sleepingmoreonweekends9．（be）notagoodideatocompensateformissingsleepduringtheweekFuligniwarnsthatgettingdifferent10．（amount）ofsleepeach,nightcanbehadformentalhealthSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Mosttripswillinvolvesomewalking,evenifthemainactivityiscyclingorhorseriding.1、However,ifyouaregoingtowalk16-19kmormoreadaywithapackonyourback,dailyforseveraldays,yourfeetandbodywillsufferifyouhavenotpreparedyourselfbeforehand.1.Preparation2、Startwithgentlewalksof3-5kmadayoneasy-goingareas.Buildthisupto16-19km,walkingonlocalfootpathsonceortwiceaweek,wearingyourbootsandcarryingyourpack.Thinkaboutyouroverallphysicalfitnessifyouareoverweight,orifyouhavebeenillorarerecoveringfromaninjury.Youneedtobesurethatthiswon'tcausehealthproblemsorseverediscomfort.2.CareofyourfeetNeverunderestimatetheimportanceofcomfortablefeetonawalkingtrip;uncomfortableorsorefeetcanmakeyourtriptrulymiserable,soitisworthtakingcareofthemproperly.3、Keepingyourfeetcleanwillmakeyoumorecomfortableandwashingthemeverydayisadvisable.Dryfeetwellafterwashing.3.Decidingonfootwear4、Badlyfittingbootscancausediscomfortandblisters（水泡）,andthiswillbeenoughtoruinyourday.Bootsshouldgivegoodanklesupport,andthisisespeciallyimportantformountainwalking.5、Forextremeconditions,suchassnowandice,jungleordesert,youwillneedspeciallydesignedboots.A．Ashorthikeiswithinmostpeople'scapabilities.B．Themostimportantcriterion（标准）withwalkingbootsisthattheyfityouproperly.C．Takeashortwalkdailyforseveraldays,andyourfeetandbodywillimprovealot.D．Rememberthatthesamebootswillnotnecessarilybesuitableforeverytrip.E.Duringtheexpedition,keepyourtoenailscutshort,sothatyourbootsdon'tpressonthem.F.Ifyouarenotanexperiencedwalker,getinsometrainingwalksaspartofyourpreparation.G.Toprepareforyourwalkingtrip,youhavetowashyourfeeteverydayforseveraldays.Smalltalk,alsocalledchitchat,isshortconversationspeoplehavewithothers,whiletheywaitinlineatthestore,atfamilyeventsorwork.Manypeoplefindthesesmallconversationsaboutrandomtopicsdifficult.Somepeoplesaytheyhateit.Otherssaysmalltalkisawasteoftime.Theymayevencallitidlechitcha