同济大学 计算机网络实验报告

PAGEPAGE2同济大学电子与信息工程学院实验报告实验课程名称：计算机通信网络任课教师：实验项目名称：跨交换机实现VLAN实验项目名称：静态路由实验项目名称：OSPF单区域姓名:学号:姓名:学号:姓名:学号:实验地点：实验名称：跨交换机实现VLAN【实验名称】跨交换机实现VLAN。【实验目的】理解跨交换机之间VLAN的特点。【背景描述】假设某企业有两个主要部门：销售部和技术部，其中销售部门的个人计算机系统分散连接，他们之间需要相互进行通信，但为了数据安全起见，销售部和技术部需要进行相互隔离，现要在交换机上做适当配置来实现这一目标。【技术原理】TagVlan是基于交换机端口的另外一种类型，主要用于实现跨交换机的相同VLAN内主机之间可以直接访问，同时对于不同VLAN的主机进行隔离。TagVlan遵循了IEEE802.1q协议的标准。在利用配置了TagVlan的接口进行数据传输时，需要在数据帧内添加4个字节的802.1q标签信息，用于标识该数据帧属于哪个VLAN，以便于对端交换机接收到数据帧后进行准确的过滤。【实现功能】使在同一VLAN里的计算机系统能跨交换机进行相互通信，而在不同VLAN里的计算机系统不能进行相互通信。【实验设备】S2126G（两台）、主机（3台）、直连线（4条）【实验拓扑】【实验步骤】步骤1：在交换机SwitchA上创建Vlan10，并将0/5端口划分到Vlan10中。SwitchA#configureterminal！进入全局配置模式。SwitchA(config)#vlan10！创建Vlan10。SwitchA(config-vlan)#namesales！将Vlan10命名为sales。SwitchA(config-vlan)#exitSwitchA(config)#interfacefastethernet0/5！进入接口配置模式。SwitchA(config-if)#switchportaccessvlan10！将0/5端口划分到Vlan10。验证测试：验证已创建了Vlan10，并将0/5端口已划分到Vlan10中。SwitchA#showvlanid10VLANNameStatusPorts10salesactiveFa0/5步骤2：在交换机SwitchA上创建Vlan20，并将0/15端口划分到Vlan20中。SwitchA(config)#vlan20！创建Vlan20。SwitchA(config-vlan)#nametechnical！将Vlan20命名为technical。SwitchA(config-vlan)#exitSwitchA(config)#interfacefastethernet0/15！进入接口配置模式。SwitchA(config-if)#switchportaccessvlan20！将0/15端口划分到Vlan20。验证测试：验证已创建了Vlan20，并将0/15端口已划分到Vlan20中。SwitchA#showvlanid20VLANNameStatusPorts20technicalactiveFa0/15步骤3：在交换机SwitchA上将与SwitchB相连的端口（假设为0/24端口）定义为tagvlan模式。SwitchA(config)#interfacefastethernet0/24！进入接口配置模式。SwitchA(config-if)#switchportmodetrunk！将fastethernet0/24端口设为tagvlan模式。验证测试：验证fastethernet0/24端口已被设置为tagvlan模式。SwitchA#showinterfacesfastEthernet0/24switchportInterfaceSwitchportModeAccessNativeProtectedVLANlistsFa0/24EnabledTrunk11DisabledAll步骤4：在交换机SwitchB上创建Vlan10，并将0/5端口划分到Vlan10中。SwitchB#configureterminal！进入全局配置模式。SwitchB(config)#vlan10！创建Vlan10。SwitchB(config-vlan)#namesales！将Vlan10命名为sales。SwitchB(config-vlan)#exitSwitchB(config)#interfacefastethernet0/5！进入接口配置模式。SwitchB(config-if)#switchportaccessvlan10！将0/5端口划分到Vlan10。验证测试：验证已在SwitchB上创建了Vlan10，并将0/5端口已划分到Vlan10中。SwitchB#showvlanid10VLANNameStatusPorts10salesactiveFa0/5步骤5：在交换机SwitchB上将与SwitchA相连的端口（假设为0/24端口）定义为tagvlan模式。SwitchB(config)#interfacefastethernet0/24！进入接口配置模式。SwitchB(config-if)#switchportmodetrunk！将fastethernet0/24端口设为tagvlan模式。验证测试：验证fastethernet0/24端口已被设置为tagvlan模式。SwitchB#showinterfacesfastEthernet0/24switchportInterfaceSwitchportModeAccessNativeProtectedVLANlistsFa0/24EnabledTrunk11DisabledAll步骤6：验证PC1与PC3能互相通信，但PC2与PC3不能互相通信。C:\>ping192.168.10.30！在PC1的命令行方式下验证能Ping通PC3。Pinging192.168.10.30with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom192.168.10.30:bytes=32time<10msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.10.30:bytes=32time<10msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.10.30:bytes=32time<10msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.10.30:bytes=32time<10msTTL=128Pingstatisticsfor192.168.10.30:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=0ms,Maximum=0ms,Average=0msC:\>ping192.168.10.30！在PC2的命令行方式下验证不能Ping通PC3。Pinging192.168.10.30with32bytesofdata:Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Pingstatisticsfor192.168.10.30:Packets:Sent=4,Received=0,Lost=4(100%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=0ms,Maximum=0ms,Average=0ms【注意事项】两台交换机之间相连的端口应该设置为tagvlan模式。Trunk接口在默认情况下支持所有VLAN的传输。【实验结果】PC1showrunS2126G-1#showrunSystemsoftwareversion:1.66(3)BuildSep72006RelBuildingconfiguration...Currentconfiguration:406bytes!version1.0!hostnameS2126G-1vlan1!vlan10namesales!vlan20nametechnical!enablesecretlevel145'T>H.Y*T3UC,tZ[V4^D+S(\W54G1X)svenablesecretlevel155'Stj9=G14X7R:>H.UUu_;C,tQ2U0<D+S!interfacefastEthernet0/5switchportaccessvlan10!interfacefastEthernet0/15switchportaccessvlan20--More—PC1pingC:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>ping192.168.1.1Pinging192.168.1.1with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom192.168.1.1:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.1:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.1:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.1:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Pingstatisticsfor192.168.1.1:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=0ms,Maximum=0ms,Average=0msC:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>ping192.168.1.3Pinging192.168.1.3with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom192.168.1.3:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.3:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.3:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.3:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Pingstatisticsfor192.168.1.3:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=0ms,Maximum=0ms,Average=0msC:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>ping192.168.1.2Pinging192.168.1.2with32bytesofdata:Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Pingstatisticsfor192.168.1.2:Packets:Sent=4,Received=0,Lost=4(100%loss),PC3showrunS2126G-2#showrunSystemsoftwareversion:1.66(3)BuildSep72006RelBuildingconfiguration...Currentconfiguration:317bytes!version1.0!hostnameS2126G-2vlan1!vlan10namesales!enablesecretlevel145'T>H.Y*T3UC,tZ[V4^D+S(\W54G1X)svenablesecretlevel155'Stj9=G14X7R:>H.UUu_;C,tQ2U0<D+S!interfacefastEthernet0/5switchportaccessvlan10!interfacefastEthernet0/24switchportmodetrunk!EndPC3pingC:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>ping192.168.1.3Pinging192.168.1.3with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom192.168.1.3:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.3:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.3:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.3:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Pingstatisticsfor192.168.1.3:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=0ms,Maximum=0ms,Average=0msC:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>ping192.168.1.1Pinging192.168.1.1with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom192.168.1.1:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.1:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.1:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom192.168.1.1:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Pingstatisticsfor192.168.1.1:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=0ms,Maximum=0ms,Average=0msC:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>ping192.168.1.2Pinging192.168.1.2with32bytesofdata:Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Pingstatisticsfor192.168.1.2:Packets:Sent=4,Received=0,Lost=4(100%loss),实验名称：静态路由配置一.实验目的掌握通过静态路由方式实现网络的连通性二．实验背景假设校园网通过1台路由器连接到校园外的另外1台路由器上，现要在路由器上做适当的配置，实现校园网内部主机与校园网外部主机的相互通信。三．实验原理路由器属于网络层设备，能够根据IP包头的信息，选择一条最佳路径，将数据包转发出去。实现不同网段的主机之间的互相访问。路由器是根据路由表进行选路和转发的。而路由表里就是一条条的路由信息。路由表的产生方式一般有3种：直连路由给路由器接口配置一个IP地址，路由器自动生成产生本接口IP所在网络的路由信息。静态路由在拓扑结构简单的网络中，网管员通过手工的方式配置本路由器未知网段的路由信息，从而实现不同网段之间的连接。动态路由协议学习产生的路由在大规模的网络中，货拓扑结构相对复杂的情况下，通过在路由器上运行动态路由协议，路由器之间互相学习产生路由信息。四．实现功能实现网络的互联互通，从而实现信息的共享和传递。五．实验设备R1762两台V35线缆一条PC两台直连线两条六．实验拓扑172.16.2.2172.16.2.1/24172.16.2.2172.16.2.1/24172.16.1.1172.16.3.2R2R1172.16.1.1172.16.3.2R2R1172.16.3.22/24172.16.3.2172.16.1.11/24172.16.1.1PC1172.16.3.22/24172.16.3.2172.16.1.11/24172.16.1.1PC1PCPC2七．实验步骤步骤1：在路由器1上配置接口的IP地址和串口上的时钟频率。Router1(config)#interfacefastethernet1/0Router1(config-if)#ipaddress172.16.1.1255.255.255.0Router1(config-if)#noshRouter1(config)#interfaceserial1/2Router1(config-if)#ipaddress172.16.2.1255.255.255.0Router1(config-if)#clockrate64000Router1(config)#nosh步骤2：在路由器1上配置静态路由Router1(config)#ipaddress172.16.3.0255.255.255.0172.16.2.2步骤3:在路由器2上配置接口的IP地址和串口上的时钟频率。Router2(config)#interfacefastethernet1/0Router2(config-if)#ipaddress172.16.3.2255.255.255.0Router2(config-if)#noshRouter2(config)#interfaceserial1/2Router2(config-if)#ipaddress172.16.2.2255.255.255.0Router2(config-if)#clockrate64000Router2(config)#nosh步骤4：在路由器2上配置静态路由。Router2(config)#ipaddress172.16.1.0255.255.255.0172.16.2.1步骤5：显示路由器的全部配置。R1700-1#showrunning-config!显示路由器1的全部配置Buildingconfiguration...Currentconfiguration:617bytes!version8.52(building6)hostnameR1700-1noservicepassword-encryptioninterfaceserial1/2ipaddress172.16.2.1255.255.255.0clockrate64000interfaceserial1/3clockrate64000interfaceFastEthernet1/0ipaddress172.16.1.1255.255.255.0duplexautospeedauto!interfaceFastEthernet1/1duplexautospeedautointerfaceNull0iproute172.16.3.0255.255.255.0172.16.2.2voice-port2/0voice-port2/1voice-port2/2voice-port2/3linecon0lineaux0linevty04loginendR1700-2#showrunning-config!显示路由器2的全部配置Buildingconfiguration...Currentconfiguration:598bytes!version8.52(building6)hostnameR1700-2noservicepassword-encryptioninterfaceserial1/2ipaddress172.16.2.2255.255.255.0!interfaceserial1/3clockrate64000!interfaceFastEthernet1/0ipaddress172.16.3.2255.255.255.0duplexautospeedauto!interfaceFastEthernet1/1duplexautospeedauto!interfaceNull0iproute172.16.1.0255.255.255.0172.16.2.1voice-port2/0voice-port2/1voice-port2/2voice-port2/3linecon0lineaux0linevty04loginend步骤6：测试网络的互联互通性。C:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>ping172.16.1.11Pinging172.16.1.11with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom172.16.1.11:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Replyfrom172.16.1.11:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Replyfrom172.16.1.11:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Replyfrom172.16.1.11:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Pingstatisticsfor172.16.1.11:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=20ms,Maximum=20ms,Average=20msC:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>ping172.16.3.22Pinging172.16.3.22with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom172.16.3.22:bytes=32time=19msTTL=126Replyfrom172.16.3.22:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Replyfrom172.16.3.22:bytes=32time=21msTTL=126Replyfrom172.16.3.22:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Pingstatisticsfor172.16.3.22:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=19ms,Maximum=21ms,Average=20ms实验名称：OSPF单区域配置实验目的掌握在路由器上配置OSPF单区域。实验背景假设校园网通过1台三层交换机连到校园网出口路由器，路由器再和校园外的另1台路由器连接，现做适当配置，实现校园网内部主机与校园网外部主机的相互通信。本实验以两台R1762路由器、1台三层交换机为例。S3550上划分有VLAN10和VLAN50，其中VLAN10用于连接Router1，VLAN50用于连接校园网主机。路由器分别命名为Router1和Router2，路由器之间通过串口采用V35DCE/DTE电缆连接，DCE端连接到Router1（R1762）上。PC1的IP地址和缺省网关分别为172.16.5.11和172.16.5.1，PC2的IP地址和缺省网关分别为172.16.3.22和172.16.3.1，网络掩码都是255.255.255.0。三．实验原理OSPF（OpenShortestPathFirst，开放式最短路径优先）协议，是目前网络中应用最广泛的路由协议之一。属于内部网关路由协议，能够适应各种规模的网络环境，是典型的链路状态（link-state）协议。OSPF路由协议通过向全网扩散本设备的链路状态信息，使网络中每台设备最终同步一个具有全网链路状态的数据库（LSDB），然后路由器采用SPF算法，以自己为根，计算到达其他网络的最短路径，最终形成全网路由信息。OSPF属于无类路由协议，支持VLSM（变长子网掩码）。OSPF是以组播的形式进行链路状态的通告的。在大模型的网络环境中，OSPF支持区域的划分，将网络进行合理规划。划分区域时必须存在area0（骨干区域）。其他区域和骨干区域直接相连，或通过虚链路的方式连接。实现功能实现网络的互联互通，从而实现信息的共享和传递。实验设备R1762路由器两台S3550一台V35线缆一条PC两台交叉线或直连线一条六．实验拓扑172.16.3.0/24172.16.3.0/24172.16.2.1/24172.16.1.0/24172.16.1.0/24VLAN10F0/1S1/2S1/2F1/0S1/2S1/2F1/0R1F1/0R1F1/0R2R2VLAN50172.16.3.22172.16.5.11PC1172.16.3.22172.16.5.11PC1PC2PC2实验步骤步骤25.基本配置。三层交换机基本配置switch#configureterminalswitch(config)#hostnames3550S3550(config)#vlan10S3550(config-vlan)#exitS3550(config)#vlan50S3550(config-vlan)#exitS3550(config)#interfacef0/1S3550(config-if)#switchportaccessvlan10S3550(config-if)#exitS3550(config)#interfacef0/5S3550(config-if)#switchportaccessvlan50S3550(config-if)#exitS3550(config)#interfacevlan10!创建VLAN虚接口，并配置IPS3550(config-if)#ipaddress172.16.1.2255.255.255.0S3550(config-if)#noshutdownS3550(config-if)#exitS3550(config)#interfacevlan50!创建VLAN虚接口，并配置IPS3550(config-if)#ipaddress172.16.5.1255.255.255.0S3550(config-if)#noshutdownS3550(config-if)#exit步骤26.验证测试：S3550#showvlanVLANNameStatusPorts1defaultactiveFa0/2,Fa0/3Fa0/4,Fa0/6,Fa0/7Fa0/8,Fa0/9,Fa0/10Fa0/11,Fa0/12,Fa0/13Fa0/14,Fa0/15,Fa0/16Fa0/17,Fa0/18,Fa0/19Fa0/20,Fa0/21,Fa0/22Fa0/23,Fa0/2410vlan10activeFa0/150vlan50activeFa0/5S3550#showipinterfaceInterface:VL10Description:Vlan10OperStatus:UPManagementStatus:EnabledPrimaryInternetaddress:172.16.1.1/24Broadcastaddress:255.255.255.255PhysAddress:00d0.f8ff.8ab5Interface:VL50Description:Vlan50OperStatus:UPManagementStatus:EnabledPrimaryInternetaddress:172.16.5.1/24Broadcastaddress:255.255.255.255PhysAddress:00d0.f8ff.8ab6路由器基本配置Router1(config)#interfacefastethernet1/0Router1(config-if)#ipaddress172.16.1.1255.255.255.0Router1(config-if)#noshutdownRouter1(config-if)#exitRouter1(config)#interfaceserial1/2Router1(config-if)#ipaddress172.16.2.1255.255.255.0Router1(config-if)#clockrate64000Router1(config-if)#noshutdownRouter2(config)#interfacefastethernet1/0Router2(config-if)#ipaddress172.16.3.1255.255.255.0Router2(config-if)#noshutdownRouter2(config-if)#exitRouter2(config)#interfaceserial1/2Router2(config-if)#ipaddress172.16.2.2255.255.255.0Router2(config-if)#noshutdown验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置和状态。Router1#showipinterfacebriefInterfaceIP-Address(Pri)OK?Statusserial1/2172.16.2.1/24YESUPserial1/3noaddressYESDOWNFastEthernet1/0172.16.1.1/24YESUPFastEthernet1/1noaddressYESDOWNNull0noaddressYESUPRouter2#showipinterfacebriefInterfaceIP-Address(Pri)OK?Statusserial1/2172.16.2.2/24YESUPserial1/3noaddressYESDOWNFastEthernet1/0172.16.3.2/24YESUPFastEthernet1/1noaddressYESDOWNNull0noaddressYESUP步骤27.配置OSPF路由协议。S3550配置OSPF步骤28.S3550(config)#routerospf!开启OSPF路由协议进程S3550(config-router)#network172.16.5.00.0.0.255area0!申请直连网段信息，并分配区域号S3550(config-router)#network172.16.1.00.0.0.255area0S3550(config-router)#endRouter1配置OSPFRouter1(config)#routerospfRouter1(config-router)#network172.16.1.00.0.0.255area0Router1(config-router)#network172.16.2.00.0.0.255area0Router1(config-router)#endRouter2配置OSPFRouter2(config)#routerospfRouter2(config-router)#network172.16.2.00.0.0.255area0Router2(config-router)#network172.16.3.00.0.0.255area0Router2(config-router)#end步骤29.查看验证三台路由设备的路由表，查看是否自动学习了其他网段的路由信息。S3550#showiprouteType:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2TypeDestinationIPNexthopInterfaceDistanceMetricStatusC172.16.1.0/240.0.0.0VL1000ActiveO172.16.2.0/24172.16.1.1VL1011051ActiveO172.16.3.0/24172.16.1.1VL1011052ActiveC172.16.5.0/240.0.0.0VL5000ActiveRouter1#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIPO-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2*-candidatedefaultGatewayoflastresortisnosetC10.1.1.2/32isdirectlyconnected,serial1/2C172.16.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet1/0C172.16.1.1/32islocalhost.C172.16.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,serial1/2C172.16.2.1/32islocalhost.O172.16.5.0/24[110/51]via172.16.1.2,00:00:01,FastEthernet1/0O172.16.3.0/24[110/51]via172.16.2.2,00:00:21,serial1/2Router2#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIPO-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2*-candidatedefaultGatewayoflastresortisnosetC10.1.1.1/32isdirectlyconnected,serial1/2O172.16.1.0/24[110/51]via172.16.2.1,00:00:03,serial1/2C172.16.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,serial1/2C172.16.2.2/32islocalhost.O172.16.5.0/24[110/52]via172.16.2.1,00:00:03,serial1/2步骤30.测试网络的连通性。C:\>ping172.16.3.22!从PC1pingPC2【注意事项】1、在串口上配置时钟频率时，一定要在电缆DCE端的路由器上配置，否则链路不通。2、在申明直连网段时，注意要写该网段的反掩码。在申明直连网段时，必须指明所属的区域。实验结果【S3550#showvlan】s3550#showvlanVLANNameStatusPorts1defaultactiveFa0/2,Fa0/3,Fa0/4,Fa0/6Fa0/7,Fa0/8,Fa0/9,Fa0/10Fa0/11,Fa0/12,Fa0/13,Fa0/14Fa0/15,Fa0/16,Fa0/17,Fa0/18Fa0/19,Fa0/20,Fa0/21,Fa0/22Fa0/23,Fa0/24,Gi0/25,Gi0/26Gi0/27,Gi0/2810salesactiveFa0/120test20active50VLAN0050activeFa0/5【s3550#showipinterface】s3550#showipinterfaceInterface:VL10Description:Vlan10OperStatus:upManagementStatus:EnabledPrimaryInternetaddress:172.16.1.2/24Broadcastaddress:255.255.255.255PhysAddress:00d0.f806.1993Interface:VL50Description:Vlan50OperStatus:downManagementStatus:EnabledPrimaryInternetaddress:172.16.5.1/24Broadcastaddress:255.255.255.255PhysAddress:00d0.f806.1993【Router1#showipinterfacebrief】Red-Giant#showipinterfacebriefInterfaceIP-Address(Pri)OK?Statusserial1/2172.16.2.1/24YESUPserial1/3noaddressYESDOWNFastEthernet1/0172.16.1.1/24YESUPFastEthernet1/1noaddressYESDOWNNull0noaddressYESUP【Router2#showipinterfacebrief】Red-Giant#showipinterfacebriefInterfaceIP-Address(Pri)OK?Statusserial1/2172.16.2.2/24YESUPserial1/3noaddressYESDOWNFastEthernet1/0172.16.3.1/24YESUPFastEthernet1/1noaddressYESDOWNNull0noaddressYESUP【Router1#showiproute】Red-Giant#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIPO-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2*-candidatedefaultGatewayoflastresortisnosetC172.16.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet1/0C172.16.1.1/32islocalhost.C172.16.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,serial1/2C172.16.2.1/32islocalhost.O172.16.3.0/24[110/51]via172.16.2.2,00:00:32,serial1/2O172.16.5.0/24[110/2]via172.16.1.2,00:00:42,FastEthernet1/0【Router2#showiproute】Red-Giant#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIPO-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2*-candidatedefaultGatewayoflastresortisnosetO172.16.1.0/24[110/51]via172.16.2.1,00:05:55,serial1/2C172.16.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,serial1/2C172.16.2.2/32islocalhost.C172.16.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet1/0C172.16.3.1/32islocalhost.O172.16.5.0/24[110/52]via172.16.2.1,00:05:03,serial1/2【PC1Ping】C:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>ping172.16.5.11Pinging172.16.5.11with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom172.16.5.11:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom172.16.5.11:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom172.16.5.11:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Replyfrom172.16.5.11:bytes=32time<1msTTL=128Pingstatisticsfor172.16.5.11:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=0ms,Maximum=0ms,Average=0msC:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>ping172.16.3.22Pinging172.16.3.22with32bytesofdata:Requesttimedout.Replyfrom172.16.3.22:bytes=32time=21msTTL=125Replyfrom172.16.3.22:bytes=32time=19msTTL=125Replyfrom172.16.3.22:bytes=32time=20msTTL=125Pingstatisticsfor172.16.3.22:Packets:Sent=4,Received=3,Lost=1(25%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=19ms,Maximum=21ms,Average=20msC:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>【PC2Ping】MicrosoftWindowsXP[版本5.1.2600](C)版权所有1985-2001MicrosoftCorp.C:\DocumentsandSettings\Administrator>ping172.16.3.1Pinging172.16.3.1with32byteso