延安市富县2023年考研《英语一》高分冲刺试题含解析

延安市富县2023年考研《英语一》高分冲刺试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AsIrushedamongthetables,suddenly,a1askedifIcouldmindachild.Iwasquite2butIcouldtellthemanwasquitedesperate.SoIhadtomakea________withhimthatifhewantedhissontostayandwaitforhim,hehadto3somethingintheshop．Thiswasquite4forthemantodo;Icould5hewasquitepoorbythe6hewasdressed.Itlookedasifhehadtriedtocomeinhis7clothes.Buttheystilllookedabitoldandwornout8hehadoftenwornthem,justtomakehimselflookbest.LookingdownIcouldseehis9werealsoabittornandtheheelswereinaterriblestate.Ithoughthewasgoingforajobinterview.Intheendheboughtasmallboxof10forhislittlesonandseatedhimdowninthecorner.Icouldtelltheboywasfeelingdownandonlycould11withabitofcheeringup．Seeingthatthekidsatthereforquiteawhile,Iwasabit12asthepoorlittlekidwassitting________hisown.Peoplewatchedhimandsomekidsevencameovertopickonhim.Iwas13toseeoneofthemevenknockedhiscookiesoffthetable．Hequicklywentandgotthembackwithoutsayingaword．Iwashopinghisfatherwould14upandcomebackforhisson's15Atclosingtime,theonlypersonleftwasthelittleboy．Afterawhile,thefatherfinallycameinwithatiresomelook.I16hedidn'tgetanyjob．Astheywereleaving,Iofferedthekidalittlecake,butthemanrejectedit.I17hefeltasifIhadjustabusedhim．OfcourseIdidn'tmeanto．ButIcouldunderstandwhyhefeltlikethat．Ionlywishedthemgood18whateverhappened．Themanopenedthedoortoleave－fatherandsonhandinhand．1、A．good B．bad C．new D．casual2、A．commitment B．appointment C．preference D．success3、A．managed B．agreed C．hesitated D．decided4、A．did B．mentioned C．shared D．missed5、A．greet B．inspire C．introduce D．remember6、A．kindness B．happiness C．stories D．sadness7、A．still B．often C．never D．even8、A．whispered B．explained C．reported D．replied9、A．surprise B．challenge C．concern D．moment10、A．cashier B．customer C．beggar D．secretary11、A．mark B．sign C．symbol D．flag12、A．payingfor B．pickingup C．payingoff D．pickingout13、A．occasionally B．usually C．probably D．hardly14、A．unoccupied B．unnoticed C．unorganized D．unquestioned15、A．wisdom B．existence C．generosity D．appreciation16、A．society B．love C．holiday D．family17、A．encouraging B．inviting C．helping D．affecting18、A．dropped B．bought C．found D．fell19、A．strange B．lucky C．cool D．funny20、A．after B．though C．unless D．whenSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Silenceisunnaturaltoman．Hebeginslifewithacryandendsitinstillness．Inbetweenhedoesallhecantomakeanoiseintheworld,andhefearssilencemorethananythingelse．Evenhisconversationisanattempttopreventafearfulsilence．Ifheisintroducedtoanotherperson,andanumberofpausesoccurintheconversation,heregardshimselfasafailure,aworthlessperson,andisfullofenvyoftheemptiestheadedchatterbox（喋喋不休的人）．Heknowsthatninety-ninepercentofhumanconversationmeansnomorethanthebuzzingofafly,butheisanxioustojoininthebuzzandtoprovethatheisamanandnotawaxworkfigure（蜡塑人像）．Theaimofconversationisnot,forthemostpart,tocommunicateideas;itistokeepupthebuzzingsound．Thereare,itmustbeadmitted,differentqualitiesofbuzz;thereisevenabuzzthatisasannoyingasthecontinuousnoisemadebyamosquito（蚊子）．Butatadinnerpartyonewouldratherbeamosquitothanaquietperson．Mostbuzzing,fortunately,ispleasanttotheear,andsomeofitispleasanteventothemind．Hewouldbeafoolishmanifhewaiteduntilhehadawisethoughttotakepartinthebuzzing-withhisneighbors．Thosewhohatetopickuptheweatherasaconversationalopeningseemtomenottoknowthereasonwhyhumanbeingswish1:0talk．Veryfewhumanbeingsjoininaconversationinthehopeoflearninganythingnew．Someofthemarecontent．iftheyaremerelyallowedtogoonmakinganoiseintootherpeople'sears,thoughtheyhavenothingtotellthemexceptthattheyhaveseentwoorthreenew,playsorthattheyhadfoodinaSwisshotel．Attheendofaneveningduringwhichtheyhavesaidnothingmeaningfulforalongtime,theyjustprovethemselvestobesuccessfulconservationists．1、Accordingtotheauthor,peoplemakeconversationto.A．exchangeideas B．provetheirvalueC．achievesuccessmlife D．overcometheirfearofsilence2、By"thebuzzingofafly"（Para．1）,theauthormeans"_____".A．thenoiseofaninsect B．alowwhisperingsoundC．meaninglesstalks D．thevoiceofachatterbox3、Accordingtothepassage,peopleusuallytalktotheirneighbors___．A．aboutwhatevertheyhavepreparedB．aboutwhatevertheywanttoC．inthehopeoflearningsomethingnewD．inthehopeofgettingonwell4、Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Todiscusswhypeopleliketalkingaboutweather．B．Toencouragepeopletojoininconversations．C．Topersuadepeopletostopmakingnoises．D．Toexplainwhypeoplekeeptalking．Text2Forcenturies,medicalpioneershaverefinedavarietyofmethodsandmedicinestotreatsickness,injury,anddisability,enablingpeopletolivelongerandhealthierlives.“Asalamander(asmalllizard-likeanimal)cangrowbackitsleg.Whycan'tahumandothesame?”askedPeruvian-bornsurgeonDr.AnthonyAtalainarecentinterview.Thequestion,areferencetoworkaimingtogrownewlimbsforwoundedsoldiers,capturestheinventivespiritofregenerativemedicine.Thisinnovativefieldseekstoprovidepatientswithreplacementbodyparts.Thesepartsarenotmadeofsteel;theyaretherealthings---livingcells,tissue,andevenorgans.Regenerativemedicineisstillmostlyexperimental,withclinicalapplicationslimitedtoproceduressuchasgrowingsheetsofskinonburnsandwounds.Oneofitsmostsignificantadvancestookplacein1999，whenaresearchgroupatNorthCarolina’sWakeForestInstituteforRegenerativeMedicineconductedasuccessfulorganreplacementwithalaboratory-grownbladder.Sincethen,theteam,ledbyDr.Atala,hascontinuedtogenerateavarietyofothertissuesandorgans—fromkidneystoears.Thefieldofregenerativemedicinebuildsonworkconductedintheearlytwentiethcenturywiththefirstsuccessfultransplantsofdonatedhumansofttissueandbone.However,donororgansarenotalwaysthebestoption.Firstofall,theyareinshortsupply,andmanypeoplediewhilewaitingforanavailableorgan;intheUnitedStatesalone,morethan100,000peoplearewaitingfororgantransplants.Secondly,apatient’sbodymayultimatelyrejectthetransplanteddonororgan.Anadvantageofregenerativemedicineisthatthetissuesaregrownfromapatient’sowncellsandwillnotberejectedbythebody’simmunesystem.Today,severallabsareworkingtocreatebioartificialbodyparts.ScientistsatColumbiaandYaleUniversitieshavegrownajawboneandalung.AttheUniversityofMinnesota,DorisTaylorhascreatedabeatingbioartificialratheart.Dr.Atala’smedicalteamhasreportedlong-termsuccesswithbioengineeredbladdersimplantedintoyoungpatientswithspinabifida(abirthdefectthatinvolvestheincompletedevelopmentofthespinalcord).AndattheUniversityofMichigan,H.DavidHumeshascreatedanartificialkidney.Sofar,thekidneyprocedurehasonlybeenusedsuccessfullywithsheep,butthereishopethatonedaysimilarkidneywillbeimplantableinahumanpatient.Thecontinuingresearchofscientistssuchasthesemayeventuallymakedonororgansunnecessaryand,asaresult,significantlyincreaseindividuals’chancesofsurvival.1、Inthelatestfieldofregenerativemedicine,whatarereplacementpartsmadeof?A．Donatedcells,tissuesandorgans. B．Rejectedcells,tissuesandorgans.C．Cells,tissuesandorgansofone’sown. D．Cells,tissuesandorgansmadeofsteel.2、Whathavescientistsexperimentedsuccessfullyonforabioartificialkidney?A．Patients B．RatsC．Sheep D．Soldiers3、Whyisgenerativemedicineconsideredinnovative?A．Itwillprovidepatientswithreplacementsofttissues.B．Itwillstrengthenthehumanbody’simmunesystem.C．Itwillshortenthetimepatientswaitingforadonatedorgan.D．Itwillmakepatientslivelongerwithbioartificialorgans.4、Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsregenerativemedicine？A．Positive. B．Negative.C．Doubtful. D．Reserved.Text3Awomanlostthesightinoneeyeaftergoingswimminginapoolatahotelwearingcontactlenses（隐形眼镜）.JennieHurst,fromSouthampton,sufferedfromarareandpainfulinfectioncausedbyamoeba（变形虫）inwater.Theinfectioncausespeopletobesensitivetolightandthe28-year-oldsaidshehadtostayinadarkroomforthreemonths.Sheisnowwarningofthedangersofswimmingorshoweringwearingcontacts.MsHurstexperiencedfouroperationsandatreatmentinwhichshehadeyedropseveryhalfhour."DuringthattimeIstayedinmybedroomwithblackcurtainsatthewindow.TheonlythingIcoulddowastolistentotheradio.Oneevening,IwassoeagertolookoutofwindowtogetalookoftheoutsideworldthatIopenedmycurtainsinthemiddleofthenight.AssoonasIdidthisthemoonshoneinmyeyesanditreallyhurt.Ididn'tdothatagain.Ihavebeenleftwithnosightinmylefteyeandthedamagetomyrighteyecouldbelasting,"shesaid.MsHursthadbeenwearingcontactlensesforfiveyears."Idon'tevenlikeswimming,"shesaid."MyfriendswerequitesurprisedthatIhadgoneswimmingandprobablythoughtthatIhadbeenabitlazy.Iwasn'tawareoftheproblematall—itdidn'tevenentermybraintotakethemout.IfeltresponsiblethatIhadletithappenwhenactuallyIcouldhavejusttakenmycontactsout."1、What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Thewomanlosingsightwhileswimming.B．Arareinfectioncausedbycontactlenses.C．Anaccidenthappeninginahospital.D．Thetroubleofstayinginadarkroom.2、Amertheoperations,JennieHurstfeltA．frightenedB．calmC．regretfulD．anxious3、WhatdoesJennieHurstmeaninthelastparagraph?A．Sheusedtogoswimmingveryoften.B．Shehasalsobeenhurtinherbrain.C．Shewillbebusywithherworkinfuture.D．Shemightbemorecarefulwhenswimmingnexttime.4、What'sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toanalyze.B．Toexplain.C．Towarn.D．Toencourage.Text4OnacoldJanuarymorningin2017,four-year-oldElistandsonthebankofDouglasRiver,huggingadeadsalmon(鲑鱼)againsthisthickredcoat.Helooksupathisfather,Andrew,whonodsencouragingly.“Goahead,”hesays.“Putitin.”Theyoungboydragshisfeetforwardandholdsthefishasfarashecanintotheshallowwater.“It’sfloating!”Eliyells,delighted.Foramoment,it’salmostasifthehandsomesalmoncouldcomebacktolife.Eli’ssalmonisjustoneof100orsodeathbodiesthatwilllandinDouglasRiverinahalf-houractivitythismorning,depositedbydozensofvolunteers.Noneofthesalmonwillrisefromthedead,butDarrellWick,presidentoftheDouglasSociety,whohaspromotedthisgathering,isintheresurrection(复活)business.Wickalsoleadsthegroup’scampaigntorecoverthisurbanwaterway’ssalmonpopulation.“TheDouglasSocietystartedlookingintothepossibilityofrecoveringthesalmonintheriverinthemid-1990s,andpartofathoughtinthatLimefocusedonriverrecoveryincitiesworldwide.Backthen,theprospects(前景)lookedfutureleftsfromtheresult.Wickandhisgrouparedevotedtogivingtheriverafullmake-over.Thismonumentalrepairjob,supportedbyapproximately$95,000offundingfromthePacificSalmonFoundationoverthepast15years,hasinvolvedrecoveringtheriver-habitatofsalmonandpreventingitfromwearingaway.Workontheriver’sfinalsectionwascompletedinJuly2017.1、Whatcanwelearnaboutthesalmonfromparagraph1?A．Itwasdying.B．Itwassaved.C．Itsurvived.D．Ithaddied.2、WhatdoEliandhisfatherdo?A．Catchasalmonforfun.B．Helpasalmonriseagain.C．Layasalmonintothewater,D．Prayasalmon’sforgiveness.3、Whatwasthesituationabouttheriverinthemid-1990s?A．Recoveringtheriverwastoodifficult.B．Itwasinfavorofsalmonpopulation.C．Noonepaidattentiontoitshadsituation.D．Riverrecoverywasfocusedonworldwide.4、What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．WorkonDouglasRiverhasended.B．Wick’scampaignagainstpollution.C．SavingaRivertosavethesalmon.D．Anunforgettablestoryofthesalmon.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)“Whatwouldyoudoifyou1．(know)thiswasthelastnightoftheworld?”Thetwosmallgirls2．(play)blocksontherugwhenMrJohnsonasked3．wifethequestionTherewas4．easy,cleansmelloffreshcoffeeintheeveningairHeputforwardthatquestion,stirringhiscoffeeslowlyand5．(stare)intoits6．(deep)“It’sjustafeeling;sometimesit7．(fright)me;sometimesI’mnot8．(scare)9．youItfirsthappenedaboutfour10．(night)ago”ItisinterestingtolookatdifferencesbetweenschoolsindifferentcountriesInmanyEuropeancountries,forexample,therelationshipbetweenteachersandstudents1．(be)quiteformalThisistrueofFrance,Germany,andSpain,2．(连词)disciplineandrespectfortheteacherisconsideredveryimportantThesameistrue3．(介词)RussiaIn4．(north)Europeancountries,however,therelationshipbetweenteachersandstudentismuch5．(friendly)andmorerelaxedInAmerica,studentsandteachersarequiterelaxedwitheachotherInBritain,relationshipsarequiterelaxed,butteacherscanhavebigproblemswithdisciplineAnotherimportantdifferenceiswhetherschoolsarestatesschools6．(连词)privateschoolsStateschools7．(pay)forbythegovernment,butinprivateschools,theparentspayforeducationoftheirchildrenGermanyandFrancehavebothstateandprivateschools,butmoststudentsgotostateschools,8．(连词)areverygood9．(similar),AmericahasbothstateandprivateschoolsMostAmericanchildrengotostateschools,buttheprivateschoolscanbeverygoodand10．(go)toprivateschoolsisveryexpensiveSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Nowlet’sdiscusssomethingaboutpeople’shabits.1、Someofthemaregoodones,butsomeofthemmaybebadones.Canyourememberanyofthebadhabitsyouusedtohavewhenyouwereveryyoung?2、Ofcourse,youdonotdothatanymore,butyoucansurelyrememberyourmotherseffortstotrainyou.Thegoodhabitsyounowhaveinsuchmattersaspersonalcleanlinesswerepartofthisearlytraining.Wemaynotsuckourthumbsanymore,butaswegetolderwegetotherbadhabits.3、Anyonewhohastriedtogiveupsmokingknowsthisverywell!4、Inbabyhood,it’sthumbsucking,Inchildhood,it’snail-biting.Inourteens,it’ssmoking,5、Andifanyonetellsyouthathehasnobadhabits,youcanbesurethathemusthavetheworsthabitofall.Isn’tthattrue?A．Wecan’tgivethemupeasily,either.BEachperiodbringsitsownproblems.C．Generallyspeaking,aboylikesbitingnails.D．Everyonehashisorherownhabits.E.Webenefitfromourfriends,kindhelp.F.Inmiddle-age,it’sover-eating,andsoon.G.Perhaps,asababy,youusedtosuckyourthumb(拇指).Idon’tbelieveArtificialIntelligence(AI)couldreplacemyteachingcareer.Ihavealwaysbeeninterestedinhumanconnection,andthewaysinwhichIcanusetheseconnectionstoinspirechangeandmakeadifference.1、,thereareotherwayswhereAIcouldmakeamoreefficientandeffectivedifferencethanIcouldonmyown.Myteachingexperiencesoverthepastseveralyearshavebeencreativeandinspiring.Ibelievethatthejobofeducatorsextendsbeyond