Unit4Discoverusefulstructures课件高中英语人教版选择性

LearningAboutLanguageDiscoverusefulstructuresSubject1Object2Predicative3Attribute4Adverbial5Objectcomplement61.Reviewoftheusageofthe–ingform.V-ing时态和语态主动被动一般

完成否定式doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonenot+doing/not+havingdoneRevision2.Tellthefunctionofthe–ingformineachsentence.InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhen

talkingtoanolderperson.(Para2)

Someonewhowitnessesanotherperson

employingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.(Para3)

InFrance,aperson

encountering

anidenticalgesturemayinterpretitas

meaningzero.(Para3)

Inmanycountries,

shaking

one’sheadmeans“no”,and

noddingmeans“yes”.(Para4)

Perhapsthebestexampleis

smiling.(Para6)

AdverbialObjectcomplementAttributeSubjectPredicativeObjectSubjectAnalysis1.The–ingformusedasObject.(1)Asobjectofprepositions

介词后需用动名词作宾语。“动词(＋名词/副词)＋介词”结构、“名词＋介词”结构、“形容词＋介词”结构后常用动名词作宾语。Heobjectedtochanginghisjob.他反对换工作。There'sstillnohopeofwinningthegame.仍然没有赢得比赛的希望。注：以下“动词(＋名词/形容词/副词)＋介词”结构，其后如果出现非谓语动词形式，只能用动名词，其中的to皆为介词，而不是不定式符号。如：admitto,be/get/becomeusedto,beequalto,devote...to,getdownto,lookforwardto,objectto,stickto,taketo,seeto，leadto,payattentionto等。(2)Asobjectofverbs常接动词－ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：喜欢考虑要想象

(enjoy,consider,imagine/fancy)介意冒险可避免

(mind,risk,avoid)允许承认不喜欢

(allow,admit,dislike)欣赏错过可理解

(appreciate,miss,understand)主张完成不拖延

(advocate,finish,delay/postpone)建议坚持勤练习

(suggest/advise/recommend,keep,practice)反对逃避不放弃

(oppose/resist,escape,quit)Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意打开窗子吗？Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。(3)Asobjectofverbphrases常见的跟动词－ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：insiston，begoodat,befondof,keenon,putoff,giveup,feellike，beworth等。Heinsistedondoingitinhisownway.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。It'squitehottoday.Doyoufeellikegoingforaswim？今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗？(4)BothV-ing

andtodoasobjectafteraverb.①在有些动词的后面，如：start，begin，continue等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。Theycontinuedworking/toworkasifnothinghadhappened.他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。②在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后接动词－ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。Hepreferredstayinginthehousewhenitrained.下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用动词－ing形式作宾语，指每逢天下雨都待在家里。)Iprefertostayathomethisafternoon.今天下午我宁愿留在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作。)Pleaseremembertogivemybestregardstoyourfamily.请记着代我向你的家人问好。Istillremembervisitingthemuseumforthefirsttime.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。③有些动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词－ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有：forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(已做)forgettodosth.忘记去做某事(未做)regretdoingsth.对做过的事表示遗憾/后悔(已做)regrettodosth.对即将做的事表示遗憾(未做)trydoingsth.试着做某事trytodosth.尽力去做某事goondoingsth.继续做原来做的事goontodosth.继续做另外一件事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事(已做)remembertodosth.记着去做某事(未做)meandoingsth.意味着做某事meantodosth.打算做某事④need,require,want,demand,request,deserve作“需要”解时，后面接-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式，意义上并无差别，即：

(sth.)need/want/require/deserve/request/demanddoing=tobedone

某物需要被做Yourcompositionneedscorrecting/

tobecorrected.

你的作文需要修改。Hiscoatwantscleaning

/tobecleaned.

他的衣服需要清洗。Thecomputerneedsrepairing/toberepaired.

这台电脑需要维修。2.The–ingformusedasPredicative.（1）表语:系动词之后的句子成分称为表语，一起常称“系表结构”。存在系动词：be动词，意为“是...”感官系动词：feel/sound/taste/smell

摸起来/听上去/尝起来/闻起来表象系动词：appear/look/seem

看起来变化系动词：get/go/grow/turn/become

变得持续系动词：keep/remain

仍然作表语的动词－ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。（2）现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有moving、interesting、encouraging、exciting、inspiring、boring、surprising、puzzling、amusing、astonishing等，这类分词表示“令人……的”，常修饰物。注：不定式和动词－ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作；动词－ed形式则表示被动、完成含义，或者是表示主语的特点或所处的状态。Theargumentisveryconvincing.这个论点很令人信服。ThenewsthatyouwillcometoChinathissummervacationisexciting.这个暑假你要来中国的消息是令人兴奋的。(3)动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。

Myjobisteaching

geography.=Teaching

geography

ismyjob.

我的工作是教地理。

WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.＝BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost.

我最讨厌的是被人嘲笑。Summary:V-ingusedasobjectandpredictiveamuse teach breakdown callon bow getthrough assess1.Bill’sjobis________signlanguage.2.Thethemeofhispresentationis_____________barriersbetweengroups.3.By_______,wemean“bendingourheadorbodyforwardasasignofrespectorshame”.4._____________threekilometresofheavytraffictookmealmost25minutes.5.Weintendedtovisitthethemeparkbutendedup

_________ProfessorZhang.teachingbreakingdownbowingGettingthroughcallingon1.Completethesentencesusingthe-ingformofthewordsandphrasesinthebox.Twoareextra.Thenstatetheirfunctions.predicativepredicativeobjectsubjectadverbialPractice2.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesinthebox.Canyouaddmoreexamplestoexplainhowyoureadbodylanguage?lie challengeconsiderindividualdifferencesmaintainconsiderthewholepictureevaluateapatient’sconditionReadingbodylanguageisnotaneasytask.Itcanbe__________becauseinterpretingthesignsthatanothershowsrequires______