大学英语教学课件：Unit5 Choose to Be Alone on Purpose

AIRFORCEUNIVERSITYOFENGINEERINGFOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSChoosetoBeAloneonPurposeUnit5:SectionAA.TheWaytoDevelopThisTextI.StructureAnalysisArguments+Narration+Examples+ComparisonThetextfocusesonasocialphenomenon—choosingtobealoneonpurpose.Whatpeoplethinkoflivingalone,whopreferslivingalone,thelifeofthesolitarypeople,andwhatthewriteradvisesforlivingalone.

TextStudy—StructureAnalysisNarration123-1011-1314-16WaysofDevelopmentParagraphsTextStudy—StructureAnalysisArguments+Examples+ComparisonArguments+ComparisonArguments+Narration+ExamplesArguments+NarrationPara.1Livingaloneisa______________phenomenoninU.S.A.Para.2Peoplethinkoflivingaloneas_______________or________________________________.Paras.3~10______,and___________preferlivingaloneforinspiration.Paras.11~13Thelifeofthesolitarypeopleandtheirneed________.

Paras.14~16Theauthoradvisespeopleto________,_________and______________________.commonsocialanationaldisease

acharacteristicofAmericanheroesPoetsphilosophersstayrationalsettledownmakethemselvescomfortableTextStudy—StructureAnalysisB.CompletetheMainIdeastotalkII.QuestionAnsweringWhyislonelinessasortofnationaldiseaseintheUS?Becausetherearealtogether22millionofpeoplelivingaloneintheirroomsintheUS.TextStudy—Understanding2.Whydopoetslikesolitude?Becausetheygetinspirationfromit,andtheyfeelgoodaboutthemselvesforseekingitout.TextStudy—Understanding3.WhatcanbelearnedfromThoreau’schoiceofthesolitarywayoflife?Themorepositiveoneistowardoneself,thelesstheneedforstayingwithothers.TextStudy—Understanding4.Whyisitimportantforapersonlivingalonetotalktoothers?Becauseitisabasicneedofasolitaryperson.TextStudy—Understanding5.Whomaythepersonlivinginsolitudetalkto?Theymaycallfriendstotellthemimportantthings,ortalktohimself,hispets,thetelevision,oreventostrangersinthesupermarket.TextStudy—UnderstandingFocusStudyNotestotheText—FocusStudy

Ineverfoundthecompanionthatwas

socompanionableassolitude.

Practice

not/neverso…as不如……那么……我从未发现比独处更好的伙伴。Translation①Theunityofthemasseswiththepartyisstrongerthanever.②I’veheardtheterriblenoiseonceortwicebefore,butthisoneislouder.③Menaremorepeaceful,moregracefulwitheachotherthanever.NotestotheText—FocusStudy

Changethesentenceswith“not/neverso…as”Keys①Theunityofthemasseswiththepartyisnever

sostrongasitisnow.②

I’veheardtheterriblenoiseonceortwice

before,butneversoloudasthisone.③

Menareneversopeaceful,sogracefulwith

eachotherastheyarenow.NotestotheText—FocusStudy

KeyNotestotheText—FocusStudy

2.Itmaynotbewhereweexpectedtobe,butforthetimebeing

we

mightaswell

callithome.

Practice

mightaswelldosth.

不妨;还是……为好

我们不妨一块儿去。你不妨给客户服务部打个电话谈谈这事。Wemightaswellgotogether.Youmightaswellphonethecustomerservice

departmentaboutit.NotestotheText—FocusStudy

TranslationKeyNotestotheText—FocusStudy

3.It’sgoodforus,andalotlessembarrassing

thanthewoman…,whichiswhyshebought

thepowderedhotchocolatemix,thoughshe

neverdrinksitherself.Discussion这没什么不妥，也对我们有好处，而且不像有些人那么令人尴尬：在超市付款处，排在前面的女人告诉收银员，她的侄女梅利莎星期六可能会来看她。梅莉莎非常喜欢热巧克力，所以她买了速溶热巧克力粉，虽然她自己从来不喝这东西。TranslationNotestotheText—FocusStudy

Whereisthewoman?Whoistellingthecashieraboutwhat?Whydidthewomanbuythepowderedhotchocolatemix?Infrontofusinlineatthemarket.She’stellingthecashierthathernieceMelissamaybecomingtovisitonSaturday,andMelissaisveryfondofhotchocolate…HernieceMelissaisveryfondofhotchocolate.TipsDiscussion1.

tamevt.

tomakesb.orsth.easytocontrolAgroupofpolicemenwerecalledouttotamethecrowds.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

一队警察被叫来制服人群。TranslationKeyI.WordUsing

2.

commodity

n.

①

sth.thatisusefulornecessary必须加强打击假货的力度。Strongmeasuresshouldbetakentocrackdownfakecommodities.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

TranslationKey3.

creep

vi.

tomoveslowlyandquietlyJohnwouldcreepintothegallerytolistentothesingers.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

约翰会悄悄溜进楼座去听歌手唱歌。TranslationKey4.

dictate

v.

①tosaysth.forsb.elsetowritedownShe’sdictatingalettertohersecretaryrightnow.Theteacherdictatedapassagetotheclass.

她现在正在给秘书口述一封信。

老师让班上的学生听写了一篇文章。WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

TranslationKey4.

dictate(sth.)tosb.

v.

②totellsb.exactlywhattodoorhowtobehaveWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

TranslationKeyYoucan’tdictatetopeoplehow

theyshouldlive.

Irefusetobedictatedtobyhim.

不能强行规定人们应该怎样生活。我拒绝听从他的指使。5.

humble

a.notproud;lowinrankmyhumbleapologyahumblescientistmenofhumblebirthahumbleoccupation鄙人的道歉谦虚的科学家出身卑微的人低贱的职业WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

Collocation6.

apology

n.awordorstatementtosayyouaresorryforhavingdonesth.wrongorforupsettingsb.demandanapologyacceptone’sapologyowesb.anapologymakeanapology要求道歉接受某人的道歉应向某人道歉作出道歉WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

psychologybiologysociologytechnologyCollocation近形词WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

dict,dic说，宣称dictatedictationdictionaryconditionpredictindicateindicationcontradictcontradiction同根词7.

-proof

protectingagainstthedamagingeffectofsth.elsewaterproofwatchesabulletproofcarasoundproofroomairproofpipesproviderisk-proofservices防水手表防弹汽车隔音的房间密封的管道提供风险防范服务WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

Collocation8.

observation

n.

①

theprocessofwatchingsb.orsth.carefullyforaperiodoftimeastudybasedondetailedobservationofagroupof20patientsWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

一项基于对一组20位患者详细观察的研究TranslationKey8.

observationn.

②aspokenorwrittenremarkaboutsth.youhavenoticedI’dliketomakeafewobservationsaboutthecurrentstyleofmanagement.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

我想对当前的管理方式提出一些看法。TranslationKey9.

backup

tosupportsb.,esp.inanargumentPeggywouldbackmeupifshewerehere.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

要是佩吉在这儿，她一定会支持我的说法。TranslationKey10.

atlength

ingreatdetail;atlast

不要过分详尽地讨论这个项目。公共汽车终于来了，晚了四十分钟。Don’tdiscusstheprojectatexcessivelength.Atlengththebusarrived,fortyminuteslate.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

TranslationKey11.

settledown

tobecomequietandcalmormakesb.dothis自开学以来，希拉似乎已经安定多了。Sheilaseemstohavesettleddownmoresinceschoolstarted.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

TranslationKeyII.OldtoNewalone;lonelypoemsingeneralnotgreatorimportanthighestinrank/degreefairnessstartajourneyblockup;supporthaveagreatlikingforsolitarypoetryhumblesupremejusticesetforth/out/offbackupbefondofWordsandExpressions—OldtoNew

独自地根据最近的统计一种民族弊病另一方面冒险出去征服大自然

allbyoneself

byrecentcount

asortofnationaldisease

ontheotherhand

ventureout

tamenatureIII.ChinesetoEnglishWordsandExpressions—CtoE

独处带来的灵感对……给予高度评价穿上外衣独处高士装满熬夜

inspirationinsolitude

speakhighlyof

putonone’scoat

highpriestofsolitude

fillup

stayuplateWordsandExpressions—CtoE

一口气地按自己的节奏摔倒在打滑的地板上每日不断发生的小小抱怨最高法院新来的法官极大的努力

atonesitting

atone’sownpace

fallonaslipperyfloor

thedailysuccessionofsmall

complaints

anewSupremeCourtjustice

supremeeffortWordsandExpressions—CtoE

与某人争论某事花样滑冰选手保持理性安静下来；定居以自我为中心的暂时

arguewithsb.oversth.

figureskater

stayrational

settledown

self-centered

forthetimebeingWordsandExpressions—CtoE

Debate

YoungcouplesandtheirparentsshouldliveseparatelyYoungcouplesandtheirparentsshouldlivetogetherIdeasharing

StructuredWriting

PracticalWritingOneofthewritingtechniquestodevelopthemainideasismakingcomparisonandcontrast.I.StructuredWritingSampleStructuredWriting

ExpressionsforComparison&Contrast①besimilarto;similarly;likewise;both;inthesameway;resemble;justas;comparedwith;like;too②differfrom;bedifferentfrom;unlike;incontrastto;ontheotherhand;onthecontrary;by/incontrast;however;otherwise;nevertheless;but;while;whereas;yet;although;than;ratherthanStructuredWriting

Completethefollowingsentences:__________tolivingonthefarm,livinginthecityisanintensestruggletosurviveinaconcretewasteland.2.Before1880manypeoplediedofsmallpox;_______,thepercentageofdeathsfromsmallpoxissmalltoday.3.

Thedevelopmentoftransportationandthedevelopmentofcommunications__________inmanyways.4.Thereis______hardworkinwritingthaninphysicallabor.IncontrasthoweveraresimilarmoreStructuredWriting

ParagraphandEssayDespitetheirobviousdifferencesinlength,theparagraphandtheessayarequitesimilarstructurally.Forexample,theparagraphisintroducedbyeitheratopicsentenceoratopicintroducerfollowedbyatopicsentence.Intheessaythefirstparagraphprovidesintroductorymaterialandestablishesthetopicsentence.Sample1StructuredWriting

Similarly,thebodyofanessayconsistsofanumberofparagraphsthatexpandandsupporttheideaspresentedintheintroductoryparagraph.Finally,aterminator—whetherarestatement,conclusion,orobservation—endstheparagraph.Theessay,too,hasadevicewhichbringsitsideastoalogicallyandpsychologicallysatisfyingcompletion:theconcludingparagraph.Althoughexceptionstothesegeneralizationsmaybeobservedinmoderncreativewriting,mostwell-writtenexpositoryparagraphsandessaysarecomparableinstructure.StructuredWriting

Sample2WaysofmannersaredifferentbetweenAmericaandJapan.Forexample,Americanseatwithknivesandforks;Japanesepeopleeatwithchopsticks.AnotherexampleisthatAmericanssay“Hi”whentheymeet,whileJapanesebow.Besides,manyAmericansopendoorsforwomen;Japanesemendonot.Onthesurface,itappearsthatgoodmannersinAmericaarenotgoodmannersinJapan.Infact,that’sjustthedifferentwaysofexpressingkindness.StructuredWriting

RailwaysandAutomobileRoads

Somepeoplesaythatrailwaysaremoreimportantthanautomobileroads.Butinmyopinion,automobileroadsandrailwayscomplementeachother.Railwaysdonottouchsmallplaces,whileautomobileroadscanbeconstructedtoreacheveryplace,evenvillagessituatedinremotecornersofthecountry.SampleStructuredWriting

Railwaysareconstructedonlyforthetrains,butroadswillproveequallyusefulforbicycles,carriagesandotherkindsofvehicles.Thecostofbuildingautomobileroadsisalsosuchlowerthanthatofbuildingrailways.

StructuredWriting

ToSectionBTheEndofSectionA1.vibratevi.

toshakeslightlyandquickly我们能感觉到地板随音乐的节拍而颤动。Wecanfeelthefloorvibratingtothebeatofthemusic.TranslationKeyWordsandExpressions—WordUsingliberate近形词2.stalea.

①nolongerinterestingorexciting②

(offood)nolongerfreshandoftentastingorsmellingunpleasant变味觉得乏味老掉牙的笑话赶走浑浊的空气

gostalegetstalethesamestaleoldjokesgetridofthestaleair