Unit1笔记人教版八年级上册英语

八年级上学期英语笔记(1)Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?=1\*ROMANI.Importantphrases.goonvacation去度假stayathome待在家里gotothemountains去山区gotosummercamp去夏令营visitmyuncle看望我叔叔visitmuseums参观博物馆studyfortests备考quiteafew相当多takephotos拍照mostofthetime大部分时间keepadiary写日记shoppingcenter购物中心learnsomethingimportant学习重要的事情findout发现；查明upanddown上上下下，来来回回in/withexcitement兴奋地；激动地rideabicycle/bicyclesto骑自行车去twentyminuteslater20分钟以后fromthetopofthehill从山顶上keepdoingsth保持做某事anothertwohours=twomore/otherhours又两个小时inthepast在过去buysomethingspecial买了特别的东西alongtheway沿途inthecountryside/country在乡下thenextday第二天=2\*ROMANII.Grammar.1.复合不定代词1).复合不定代词的构成：由some,any,every,no加上one,body,thing构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。具体如下表：one(人)body(人)thing(物)somesomeone某人；有人somebody某人；有人something某事；某物anyanyone任何人anybody任何人anything任何东西/事物everyeveryone每人；人人everybody每人；人人everything一切；所有事物nonoone没有人nobody没有人nothing没有什么2).复合不定代词的用法总结：①复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语。②带some的复合不定代词常用于肯定句中,（注：但在表示请求，建议，反问等的疑问句中并希望得到对方的肯定回答时，常用带some的复合不定代词）；带any的复合不定代词常用于否定句、疑问句中,(注：anyone/anybody,anything也可用于肯定句中，表示“任何人，任何事”)Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?③复合不定代词被形容词，动词不定式或else修饰时，修饰词应放其后。Didyoubuyanythingspecial?④复合不定代词作主语时，表示单数概念，谓语动词用单数。e.g.Everythingbeginstogrowinspring.Moneyisn’teverything.3)复合不定副词有:somewhere,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere复合不定副词与复合不定代词用法一致e.g.Didyougoanywhereinteresting?2.反身代词 当句子的主语与宾语一致时，宾语用反身代词单数复数第一人称myself我自己ourselves我们自己第二人称yourself你自己yourselves你们自己第三人称herselfhimselfitself她/他/它自己themselves他们自己常用短语：teachoneself=learn...byoneself自学enjoyoneself过得愉快helponeselfto随便吃/用……makeoneselfathome别拘束e.g.Heboughthimselfabooklastweek.Theyenjoyedthemselvesyesterdayevening.=3\*ROMANIIIKeypoints.1.Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词肯，否含义quiteafewquitealittle肯许多，相当多afewalittle肯有几个；有点儿fewlittle否几乎没有e.g.Idoquitealittlehomeworkeveryday.Therearequiteafewbooksinthelibrary.2.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.词组含义主语谓语动词mostof……中的大多数名词：可数名词复数或不可数名词代词：宾格的复数形式由of后的名词或代词所决定some/allof……中的一些/全部manyof……中的许多名词：可数名词复数代词：宾格形式的复数形式复数oneof……中之一单数【注】主语是名词时，其前必须要加限定词。e.g.Most/SomeofthestudentsarefromChina.Most/Someofusarehappy.Most/Someofthemilkisinthefridge(冰箱).Oneofthebooksismine.Manyofthemaretalkingaboutthesummervacation.3.Theonlyproblemwasthattherewasnothingmuchtodointheeveningbutread.①“Thereis/wasnothing(much）todobutdosth.”“除了做某事没有什么事可做”e.g.TherewasnothingtodobutwatchTVyesterday.②havenothingbutdosth.“除了做某事没有什么事可做”IhadnothingnothingtodobutwatchTVyesterday.4.Stillnooneseemedtobebored.seem意为“好像似乎”，经常用到的搭配：①seemtodosth.“好像做某事”②seem(tobe)+形容词或名词“似乎……”③Itseems/seemed+that从句“好像……”e.g.Heseemstoknoweverything.=Itseemsthatheknowseverything.Mr.Blackseemed(tobe)quitehappy.=ItseemedthatMr.Blackwasquitehappy.5.decide(v.)decide(not)todosth.决定(不)做某事Wedecided(not)tobuyanewcar.decide+that从句决定……IdecidedthatIwouldtellherthetruth.decide+疑问词+todo决定……Theycan’tdecidewhentostart.decideonsth./doingsth.决定某事/做某事Hedecidesonstudyinghard.decision(cn.)makeadecision（todosth.）“做决定”Imadeadecisiontostudyhard.6.MysisterandItriedparagliding.try(v.)triestriedtryingtrytodosth.尽力做某事Itrytostudyhard.trydoingsth.尝试做某事Hetriesplayingbasketball.tryone’sbesttodosth.尽某人最大努力做某事Itrymybesttohelpthatman.tryon（动副短语）试穿Iwanttotryiton.(n.)haveatry=haveago试一试Pleasehaveatry.7.IfeltlikeIwasabird.+短语Theymademefeellikeamemberofthefamily.感觉像……+句子IfeellikeIwasafish.feellikesth.Ifeellikeacupoftea.想要doingsth.Hefeelslikeplayingsoccer.【注】当feellike意为“想要”时，相当于want/wouldlikewant/wouldlikesth.想要某物want/wouldliketodosth.8.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.①后接who,what,why,where等引导的宾语从句wonder(v.)e.g.Iwonderwhereyouwent.我想知道你去哪儿了。想知道②后接“疑问词＋不定式”e.g.Hewondershowtobeagoodcook.=3\*GB3③后接if/whether(是否)引导的宾语从句Eg:IwonderifyoucanhelpmewithmyEnglish..wonderful(n.)奇迹；奇观e.g.TheGreatWallisoneoftheSevenWondersoftheWorld.(adj.)精彩的；绝妙的长城是世界上七大奇迹之一。 作形容词修饰名词时，通常放在名词之前，（也可放在其后）9.enough e.g.Hehasenoughmoneytobuyaputer. 作副词修饰形容词或副词，通常放在被修饰词之后。e.g.Youareoldenoughtolookafteryourself. 10．区别“不同”之处differencecn/un差异differentadj.不同的differentlyadv.不同地a(big/great)somemakenodifferenceto...对...(没）有...影响/作用muche.g.Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.thedifference(s)between...and......和...之间的差异bedifferentfrom和...不同反义短语：bethesameas和...相同e.g.Yourbagisdifferentfrommine.e.g.Theydescribethesamethingdifferently.11.“等待”一下waitforsb/sth等待某人/某事e.g.Wearewaitingforthebusnow.waitforsb/sthtodosth等待某人/某物做某事waitcan’twaittodosth迫不及待做某事e.g.Tomcan’twaittovisithisgrandparents.waitasecond/minute/moment稍等一下waitforsb/sthfor+一段时间12.because和becauseof的辨析becauseof“由于”介词短语，其后接名词，代词或动名词Becauseoftherain,Ididn’tgohome.because“因为”连词①后接原因状语从句②常用于回答why引导的特殊疑问句。Hefeelshungrynowbecausehedidn’thavebreakfast.含义用法例句toomany太多的其后接复数名词Therearetoomanybooksinthelibrary.toomuch太多的其后接不可数名词Thereistoomuchfoodinthekitc