Unit 1 知识清单（预习 复习 知识点详解）-2021-2022学年牛津译林版九年级英语上册

9AUnit1Knowyourself知识清单ComicstripandWelcometotheunit.1.aninterestingarticleaboutpersonality一篇关于个性的有趣的文章2.Itsayssomepeoplearegenerous.(文章上)说有些人是慷慨的。①Thesignsays,“Nophotos”.标志上写着：“禁止拍照”。②begeneroustosb.对某人慷慨大方3.Itmakesthemfeelgoodtosharethingswithothers.【makesb.dosth.】【sharesth.withsb.】4.You’veeatenupmybreakfast.你已吃光了我的早餐。★【重点】eatup吃光【动副词组】→eatit/themup5.create(vt.)创造→creative(adj.)有创造力的【-tive形容词后缀】6.becuriousabouteverything对一切感到好奇★becuriousaboutsth.对某事很好奇7.energy(不可数n.)→energetic(adj.)精力充沛的8.keepallherthingsingoodorder使她所有的东西井然有序★keep...in(good)order保持......井然有序9.showoff炫耀【回顾】①showsb.aroundsp.领某人参观某地②showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.把某物出示给某人看10.MrWuispatientenoughtorepeatgrammarrulesforus.吴老师足够有耐心为我们重复讲解语法规则。11.★comeupwithnewideas=thinkofnewideas想出新主意12.playfootballforhours踢足球达好几个小时13.bewellorganized非常有条理【organized形容词：有条理的】14.getangryeasily很容易生气15.make/becomeagoodaccountant成为一个好会计16.NeitherhenorIamagoodaccountant.他和我都不是一个好的会计。【谓语就近原则】★【重点】either/neither;either…or….和neither…nor区别A.either（1）表示“也”，用于否定句，也too相对应。①Tomdoesn'tlikefootball,Idon'tlike,either.=Tomdoesn'tlikefootball,neither/nordoI.②Tomlikesfootball,Ilikefootball,too.=Tomlikesfootball,sodoI.（2）表示“二者中的（任）一个”。①Ihaveonlyoneticket.Eitherofyoucangototheconcert.②Youcanseemanytreesoneither/eachsideoftheroad.③Youcanseemanytreesonbothsidesoftheroad.B.either...or....表示“或者...或者...，不是...就是...”，最近的原则。【注：Therebe结构，notonly...butalso也是就近的原则】①EitheryouorLucyiswrong.不是你错了，就是Lucy错了。C.neither=noteither（1）表示“也不”，用于否定句。①Tomdoesn'tlikefootball,Idon'tlike,either.=Tomdoesn'tlikefootball,neither/nordoI.②---Tomdoesn'tlikefootball.----Me,neither.（2）neither表示“二者都不”。是both反义词（仅用于两者）none是all的反义词（用于三者以上）①Neitherofyoucangototheconcert.你们两个都不能去参加音乐会。D.neither...nor....表示“既不...也不...”，“两者都不”。就近原则。①NeitheryounorLucyiswrong.你和Lucy都没错。17.It’sterribleformetoworkwithoutspeakingalldaylong.整天工作不说话对我来说是可怕的。二、Reading1.Peoplewhoarehappywiththeirjobs(定从)对工件满意的人★behappywithsth.=bepleased/satisfiedwithsth.对某事满意★behappyatsth.因某事感到高兴besadatsth.因某事感到悲伤；为某事难过beangryatsth.因某事而生气2.abornartist一个天生的艺术家3.Hisworkshouts.他的作品很传神。【区分】①workhard工作勤奋（动词+副词）②hardwork困难的工作（形容词+名词）4.impressthewholecountrywithcreativework(s)以他富有创造性的作品使整个国家印象深刻★impresssb.withsth.以某物给给人留下深刻的印象5.winhighpraisefromtheartcommunity获得了来自艺术界很高的赞誉【此句中praise为名词：赞誉，赞扬】【拓展】praisesb.forsth因为某事赞扬某人（praise为动词）Eg:praiseTomforhishonesty因为Tom的诚实而表扬他6.searchforsomethingbetterordifferent寻找一些更好的或与众不同的东西7.initself本身，实质上8.giveupherjobasanaccountant放弃她作为一个会计的工作★①giveupeasily轻易放弃②giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事③giveit/themup（动副词组）9.workforthesalesdepartment为销售部门工作10.workwithnumbersdayafterday日复一日和数字打交道11.thegeneralmanagerofthecompany公司的总经理12.★Lifeislikearace.Youeithertaketheleadorfallbehind.生活就像一场比赛。你要么领先要么落后。takethelead领先【leader领导者，带路人；lead→led(过去式)；leadto导致】fallbehind落后13.takeonnewchallengesanytime随时接受新挑战【此句中challenge为名词：挑战】【拓展】challengemyself挑战我自己（challenge为动词）14.LiuHaoisthechiefengineerofthehigh-speedrailwayconnectingSunshineTowntoTianjin.刘浩是连接阳光镇到天津的高速公路首席工程师。【现在分词短语作后置定语】【区分】①Theoldmanstandingunderthetreeismygrandfather.【现在分词短语作后置定语】=Theoldman(whoisstandingunderthetree)ismygrandfather.【定语从句】②ThegirlcalledLucyismysister.【过分词短语作后置定语】=ThegirlwhoiscalledLucyismysister.【定语从句】③connectAto/withB将A和B连接起来15.★Tous,amissisasgoodasamile.对我们来说，差之毫厘，谬以千里。【区分】①asgoodas.....两种含义：A.与.....一样好；B.和....几乎一样；简直就是.....Eg:A.Thishouseisasgoodasthatone.这个房子和那个房子一样好。B.Itlooksasgoodasnew.看上去和新的几乎一样。②aswellas....两种含义：A.与.....一样好；B.除.....之外，还有......Eg:A.HespeaksEnglishaswellasher.他说英语说得跟她一样好。B.She’scleveraswellasbeautiful.她不但漂亮，而且聪明。16.Wecan’taffordtomakeanymistakes.我们承担不起犯错。【affordtodosth.】17.payattentiontoeverydetail关注每个细节★payattentionto(doing)sth.注重(做)某事【此句型中to为介词】Eg:Weshouldpayattentiontokeepimghealthy.【归纳】(1)lookforwardto(doing)sth.期待(做)某事【此句型中to为介词】Eg:Welookforwardtohearingfromyou.(2)beusedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事【此句型中to为介词】Eg:Tomisusedtogettingupearly.(3)devote...to(doing)sth.奉献.....来(做)某事【此句型中to为介词】Eg:Themandevotesallhislifetohelpingpoorchildren.(4)preferdoingAtodoingB喜欢做A而不喜欢做B【此句型中to为介词】Eg:Ipreferdancingtosinging.18.worktohighstandards以高标准工作19.He’smodestandeasytoworkwith.他很谦虚且很容易相处。★beeasytoworkwith很容易相处HeadofSunshineHospital阳光医院的头（院长）【head,chairperson,leader等表职务时前不加冠词the】Asadoctor,youcan’tbetoocareful.作为一名医生，你再怎么细心也不为过。22.Carelesswillbeadisasternotonlytoourselvesbutalsotopatients.粗心不仅对于我们自己是一场灾难，对病人也是一场灾难。23.bewillingtoworkextrahours主动乐意加班24.operateonpatients=dooperationsonpatients给病人做手术25.devotemostofhertimetoherwork把她大部分的时间投入到她的工作上【to为介词】26.waitwithoutgettingangry等待（很久）而不会生气27.★besuitableforthejob适合于这份工作【besuitablefor(doing)sth.】三、Grammar【语法】A.and,but,or和so的用法：(1)and表并列关系,肯定句中用“and”表示“和”；否定句中用“or”表示“和”。Studyhard,_____yourmathwillbebetter.=Studyhard,_____yourmathwillbeworse.Hedoesn’tlikesingingordancing.(2)but表转折关系，不能和although/though同时使用。Hedoesnotliketotalkmuch,buthisworkshouts!(3)or表选择关系。Icanbeagoodteacheroragooddoctor.(4)so表因果关系，不能和because同时使用。Mr.Liwasill,soMr.Wangtookhisclassinstead.【语法】B.both…and…,notonly…but(also)…,either…or…,和neither…nor…的用法：(1)它们可以连接名词(动名词)，代词，形容词，动词和介词短语等。(2)★both...and....连接两个并列成分，如果连接两个主语，谓语动词用复数。BothsheandI_________(be)goingtodothecleaning.(复数)★notonly...butalso...连接两个并列成分，如果连接两个主语，谓语动词就近原则。Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher_________(be)workinghard.(就近原则)★either...or....连接两个并列成分，如果连接两个主语，谓语动词就近原则。EitheryouorI__________(be)goingthere.(就近原则)★neither...nor....连接两个并列成分，如果连接两个主语，谓语动词就近原则。Neitheryounorhe__________(have)beentotheGreatWall.(就近原则)【语法】C.重点短语句型1.★acceptothers’advice/suggestions接受别人的建议2.thinktwice(aboutsth.)(关于某事)三思后行3.be/getangrywithsb.aboutsth.为某事生某人的气4.worrytoomuch担心太多【回顾】①worryaboutsth.(=beworriedaboutsth.)为某事担心②sth.worrysb.某事使某人担心5.dothedishes洗碗6.patient有耐心的→反义词：impatient没有耐心的【类似有：impolite,impossible】bepatientwithsb.对某人有耐心7.besuitableforbeinganartist适合于当一个艺术家四、Integratedskills1.intheChineselunarcalendar在中国农历中2.Eachoftheanimalsignsrepresentsalunaryear.12生肖中的每一个代表着农历的一年。★represent=standfor代表；象征Eg:Themoonrepresentsmyheart.月亮代表我的心。3.appearinafixedorder以固定的次序出现★appear（vi.)出现→appearance(n.)出现disappear(vi.)消失→disappearance(n.)消失★appear(作系动词：呈现）eg:appearred呈现红色4.Thecyclerepeatsevery12years.这个循环每12年重复一次。5.【区分】living形容词：活着的（常作定语修饰名词，也可作表语构成系表结构）alive形容词：活着的（只能作表语构成系表结构，不能作定语修饰名词）lively形容词：生动的、充满生机的（形容课堂、城市等）live形容词：直播的6.Peoplebornunderthesameanimalsignmayhavesimilarpersonalities.【过去分词短语作后置定语】=Peoplewhoarebornunderthesameanimalsignmayhavesimilarpersonalities.【定语从句】出生在相同生肖下的人们可能有相类似的个性。【回顾】besimilarto…与…相似7.inall总共，总计；aboveall最重要的是；afterall毕竟、终究；firstofall首先；atall根本；not...atall根本不；ofall在所有当中8.dependonyourdateofbirth取决于你的出生日期9.peoplebornintheYearoftheRabbit出生在兔年的人【过去分词短语作后置定语】10.Ayearisdividedintoacycleoftwelvestarsigns.一年被分成十二星座的一次循环。★divide....into.....把......分成......①Pleasedividetheappleinto4parts.【主动】②Ayearisdividedintofourseasons.【被动】11.readaboutthemjustforfun读它们仅仅是为了取乐12.Itisyouwhoshapeyourlifeandfuture.正是你塑造了你的生活和未来。Itis+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其它成分。→→构成强调句型。（强调部分是人用who,强调部分是物或其它用that)13.ItissaidthatpeoplebornintheYearoftheTigerarebrave.①Itissaid…+that主语从句意为：据说…②Itisreported…+that主语从句意为：据报道…14.Whatitsaysaboutmemaybetrue.【主语从句】15.insomeways在某些方面；在某种程度上16.That’snotthecase.事实并不是那样。17.getangryeasily很容易生气18.believeinsb.=