Unit5-6中考重难点知识点复习 【考点精研】 牛津译林版英语八年级上册

8AU5-U6中考重难点知识讲解Part18AU5重点单词用法1.

dish(pl.)__________________

quality(pl.)__________________catch

（三单）_____________（过去式、过去分词）________________wolf(pl.)__________________

human(pl.)__________________2021连云港6．Whatanamazingrobot!It________cookmorethan5,000dishes.A．shall B．need C．must D．Can2020无锡LupeMedrano,ashygirl,wasastraight-Astudent.ThoughLupehadasharpmind,shecouldnot,nomatterhowmuchshetried,runasfastastheothergirls.ThetruthwasthatLupewasnogoodinsports.

“I’llneverbegoodatsports.”Shefeltangryonerainydayasshelayonherbed,lookingattheshelfherfatherhadmadetoholdherawards.“IwishIcouldwinsomething,anything,evenmarble(弹珠).”Attheword“marbles”,shesatup.“That’sit.MaybeIcouldbegoodatplayingmarbles,andmarblesisasport.”Sherushedoutofherroomandfoundthemarblesinherbrother’sroom.Shepracticedshootingsoftlyatfirst.Themarblerolledfromherthumb(拇指)andclickedagainstthetargeted(作为目标的)marble.Butthetargetwouldn’tbudge.Shetriedagainandagain,butthepowerfromherthumbmadethetargetedmarblerollonlyaninchortwo.Sherealizedherthumbwasweakandthendecidedtosqueeze(捏)arubbereraseronehundredtimes,hopingitwouldstrengthenherthumb.Theweekspassedquickly.Lupeworkedsohardthatoneday,whileshewasdryingdishes,hermotheraskedwhyherthumbwasswollen(肿胀的).“It’smuscle,”Lupeexplained,“I’vebeenpracticingforthemarbleschampionship.”“You,honey?”Hermother,Mrs.Medrano,knewLupewasnogoodinsports.“Yeah,IbeatAlfonso,andhe’sprettygood.”Whenherfather,Mr.Medrano,heardthis,hewasveryhappyandencouragedLupe.Practice,practice,practice.Lupegotbetterandbetter.Thenthedayofthechampionshipcame.Shebeatherfirstcompetitoreasily,andwononemarble,andthenoneafteranother.Atlast,Lupewasinthefinaltoplayagainstagirlinabaseballcap.ThegirlneverevenlookedatLupe.“Idon’tknow,Dad.Shelookstough.”“Youcandoit,”herfatherencouraged.“Justthinkofthemarbles,notthegirl,andletyourthumbdothework.”Itwasatoughfight.ButfinallyLupewonthemostmarblesandbecamethewinner!“Ididit!”Lupesaidunderherbreath.Sherosefromherknees,whichhurtfrombendingallday,andhuggedherfather.Backhome,inherownbedroom,shewashappy.Shehadalwayswonpraisebecauseofherbrains,butwinninginsportswasanewexperience.Shethankedhertiredthumb.“Youdidit,thumb.Youmademechampion.”Asitsreward,Lupewenttothebathroom,filledthebathroomsinkwithwarmwater,andletherthumbswimasitpleased.Thensheclimbedintobedandfellintohersweetdreams.31．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“budge”meaninthisstory?A．Jump. B．Spin. C．Float. D．Move.32．HowdidLupefeelwhenshesawthegirlinabaseballcap?A．Sad. B．Ashamed. C．Curious. D．Worried.33．Whichisthebesttitleforthisstory?A．TheThumb. B．ASharpMind.C．TheMarbles. D．ANewExperience.2.

die(vi)

死

（三单）____________（现在分词）______________（过去式）___________（过去分词）______________Inthe1960s,manyChinese________________________（死于饥饿）dead(adj.)

死的，失去生命的Hismotheris_________.

She_______in1987.(die)Whenautumncomes,many_________leavesfallontotheground.(die)Inthefilm,awealthydoctorisfound_________inhishouse.(die)dying(adj.)

临死的，垂死的Thedoctoraretryingtosavethe___________man.(die)death(n.)

死，死亡Hehasdecidedtodonatehisbodyformedicalresearchafterhis________.(die)Thevictimwaswoundedwithaknifeandbledto_________asaresult.(die)bedead

（持续性动词）Thecomputerengineer____________for6hours.(die)Thecomputerengineer__________lastnight.(die)His________bodywasfoundinWestTown.(die)2020连云港6．Ifwedon’tprotectnature,somewildlife___________dieoutinthefuture.A．need B．may C．can’t D．shouldn’t2020泰州15．—IheardNBAstarKobeBryant’sprivatehelicopter(直升机)crashed.Iwonder________.—Alltheninepeoplediedincludinghis13-year-olddaughter,Gianna.A．wheretheaccidenthappened B．thathisdaughterdiedtooC．whatwastheweatherlikethatday D．iftherewereanysurvivorsintheaccident3.

mean(vt.)

意思是，意味着

meandoingsth意味着做某事meantodosth 计划做某事mean+that从句meaning(n.)

意思，意义Whatisthe__________ofthissentence?Its__________is

“Thanks”.(mean)Awordusuallyhasseveral___________.(mean)meaningful(adj.)

意味深长的，有意义的Shedoesnothaveasmuchmoneyasbefore,butshethinksherlifeis_______(mean).Itis________toworkasvolunteersatcommunitycentresorinlibrariesattheweekend.(mean)meaningless(adj.)

无意义的Wefillourliveswith_____________tasks.

Wefeelboring.(mean)2022镇江14．SHENZHOU-14wasliftedoffsuccessfully!Couldyoutellme_______?A．inwhichcentreitwillbeliftedoffB．whoenteredChinaSpaceStationthistimeC．whatwillitmeantothedevelopmentofChinaD．thatthreeastronautsenteredChinaSpaceStation2020泰州一Ioftenseethesigninschools.Whatdoesitmean?一Students________bringmobilephonestoschool.A．needn’t B．can’t C．couldn’t D．wouldn’t2020苏州7．—Tony,comeover.Whatdotheletters“KIT”meaninthetextmessage?—Don’tyouknowthat,Amy?They_______“keepintouch”.A．searchfor B．askfor C．gofor D．standfor4.

sadly(adv.)

令人遗憾地，不幸地，伤心地________,giantpandasfaceseriousproblemsinthewild.

(sad)He

cried

________________than

anyone

else.

(sad)_______,Pierrewasnottheretosharethejoywithher.

(sad)Shelooked________________atherbrokenbike.

(sad)sad(adj.)

难过的

(sad-sadder–saddest)She

looked

______.

(sad)Thenewsmadethemmuch___________.

(sad)sadness(n.)

悲哀，忧伤Blue

represents

calmand__________.

(sad)5.

serious(adj.)

严重的，严肃的，认真的

(serious-moreserious-mostserious)beseriousabout

…对……认真Myjobismuch__________________thanyouthought.(serious)YaoMingdidnotbecomeseriousa________basketballuntilhewas12.seriously(adv.)

严重的，严肃的，认真的Smokingcan_____________harmyourhealth.(serious)2020无锡14．—I’mgoingtosellallyouroldbooks.They’retakinguptoomuchspace.—________!They’retreasures.Yousellthem,youtakemylife!A．Whatapity B．SoundsgreatC．Youcan’tbeserious D．Couldn’tagreemore2021盐城HowtogiveandreceiveGivingandreceivingredpacketsisa20act.Therefore,redpacketsarealways21andreceivedwithbothhands.SomeonewhoreceivesaredpacketatChineseNewYearoronhisorherbirthdayshouldnot22itinfrontofthegiver.23,thingsaredifferentataChinesewedding,wheretheguestsusuallygivetheredpacketstotheattendantsandsign24namesonalargescroll(longpieceofpaper).Theattendantswillopenthepacketsatonce,25themoneyinside,andrecorditonaregister（登记簿）nexttotheguests’names.20．A．strange B．simple C．smart D．serious21．A．presented B．filled C．covered D．gathered22．A．watch B．hide C．open D．accept23．A．Moreover B．However C．Otherwise D．Besides24．A．his B．their C．your D．our25．A．count B．change C．choose D．collect6.

closed(adj.)

关闭的

（反义词）____________Theairport____________foralongtime.

Itismuchquieterthanbefore.(close)Itiscoldoutside.

Pleasekeepthedoorandthewindows______________.(close)Thesleepinghorseisstandingwithitseyes____________.(close)Fish

cansleepwithitseyes_______________.(open)close(vt.)

关闭

（反义词）___________Theairport___________alongtimeago.

Itismuchquieterthanbefore.(close)Theshop___________at9:00p.m.everyday.(close)close(adj.)

近的；亲密的

(close

–

closer

–

closest)

密切地becloseto…

离……近sit/livecloseto…

离……坐/住得近workcloselywith…

与……密切地合作Theysatmuch__________toeachother,talkingquietly.

（近地）Britishpeopleonlygreetrelativesor_________friendswithakiss.

（亲密的）It’sgreatforustowork________

with

thesespecialathletes.

（密切地）2020徐州8．We’renotveryclosefriends________we’veknowneachotherforalongtime.A．until B．although C．as D．if2022镇江11．Chinesewomen’sfootballteammembersworked_______andwontheAsianCup.A．widely B．closely C．hardly D．simply2021南京4．IwouldbeinterestedtoseethepandasintheWolongPandaReserve,becauseitallowspeople________closertothem.A．get B．toget C．getting D．gotRoom301MrsGray’sstudents8.

living(n.)

生存，生计Wolvesarelosingtheir_____________areas.(live)Nooneknowswhathedoesfora_____________.(live)Our__________conditionshavechangedalotovertheyears.(live)Ifwedonotacttoimprovetheenvironment,more_______thingswillbekilledbypollution.(live)alive(adj.)

活着的

stayalive

活着（作表语）findhimalive发现他活着（作宾语补足语）I

toldmyselftocalmdownsince

I

wasstill___________.A.living

B.alive

C.lively

D.liveThe

WorldofDinosaurs

bringsdinosaurs_____________onscreen.A.living

B.alive

C.lively

D.livelively(adj.)

活泼的；生气勃勃的

(lively-livelier-liveliest)OurEnglishteacher

use

differentactivitiestokeepourclass__________andinteresting.(live)live

(adv.)

在现场直播，在实况直播

becoveredliveSunshineTVwillcoverthisyear’sBeijingMusicAwards____thisSaturday.A.living

B.alive

C.lively

D.livelive

(v)

生活

Whatshouldwedotoliveagreenlife,class?2020南通10．—Arobotservedusdinnerlastnight.Don’tyouthinkwearelivinginamazingtimes?—Ican’tagreemore.The________makesourliveseasierandhappier.A．information B．technology C．discovery D．competition2020苏州4．Thedoctorsandnursesmanaged_________thelivesofpatients,thoughtheydidn’thaveenoughmedicine.A．save B．saving C．tosave D．tosaving2021宿迁4．Thisyear’sBeijingMusicAwardswillbecovered________onSunshineTVthisSaturday.A．lively B．alive C．living D．live2021泰州7．ThedocumentaryFortheSakeofPeace（《为了和平》）bringstheWartoResistUSAggressionandAidKorea(抗美援朝战争)________onscreen.A．living B．lively C．alive D．live9.

sell(vt.&vi.)卖，出售

(sell-sold

–sold)sellwell

畅销（不能用被动语态）sellout

卖光（可以用被动语态）Thiskindof

mooncakes

istasty.

It______wellanditnow________out.【拓展】sale为名词,意为“销售;销售量”。常见搭配:onsale出售;上市;forsale待售。10.

act(vi.&vt.)

行动；表演

act

---

actor男演员

---actress

女演员

Ithinkeverybodyshould____________toprotectwildanimals.（行动）

Sofar,JackieChenhas_______(act)innearly100filmsduringhis________(act)career.

JackieChenisoneofthebestknown___________intheworld.(act)action(n.)

行动；行为

Wearing

red

makes

iteasierforyouto

takeaction.JackieChen’sfilmsjoinhumourandexciting__________(act)together.active

(adj.)

积极的，活跃的；主动的

（反义）

inactive

takean

active

partin…

积极参加Mostbirdsarea________inthedaytime,soyoucaneasilywatchthemthere.activity

(n.)

活动

(pl.)

activitiesIusuallydoafter-schoola____________at4:00p.m.onweekdays.Someofthe___________aregoingtobeheldinthetownsquare.(activity)preventvt.防止,预防preventsthpreventsb(from)doingsth意为“阻止某人做某事”,from在这个结构中可以省略=stopsb(from)doingsth=keepsbfromdoingsthEg.NothingcanpreventusgoingshoppingthisSunday.2021南通4．Five-starhotelscan________first-rateservice,makingpassengersfeelathome.A．provide B．prevent C．protect D．prepare2021盐城8．Thebiggestchallengeweallfaceistopreventfurtherenvironmentaldisasters.We________takeactionbeforeitistoolate.A．can B．must C．may D．might2021连云港市“Somuchjoyinhelping!Didyou26helpingsomeone,Jina?”askedthecrow.“Itreallyfeelsverynice.NowIhaveunderstoodhow27itistohavelegslikelongsticksandalongneck.Ishouldn’tconsiderthemasmyweaknesses.InsteadIcan28themintomystrengths.”26．A．suggest B．enjoy C．prevent D．refuse27．A．useless B．awful C．valuable D．active28．A．separate B．crash C．take D．changenone/noone/nobody/nothing词

条含

义用

法none没有一个(人或物)常与of连用,作主语时,谓语动词用单复数形式均可,常用来回答how

much,how

many引导的特殊疑问句no

one/nobody无一人一般不与of连用,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,常用来回答who引导的特殊疑问句nothing没有任何事或物其后不接of短语,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,常用来回答what引导的特殊疑问句2021宿迁10．—Is________here?—Yes.Weareallready.A．somebody B．neither C．everybody D．none2021盐城2．—Whichcolourdoyoulike,redorblue?—________.Ilikegreen.A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．NonePart28AU6重要单词用法nature n.大自然，自然界

inthenature/anaturereserve

natural adj.自然的，天然的Theyoftendiscussproblemsaboutthe

(nature)world.2021常州(划出重点语句）Thereareonly24hoursinaday,andusuallyaboutathirdofthatisspentsleeping.Soisitpossibletomakeuseofthistimeandlearnanewskillorevenalanguage?Inotherwords,issleeplearningpossible?Manystudieshavefoundthatabasicformoflearning,calledconditioning,canhappenduringsleep.Ina2012studypublishedinthemagazineNatureNeuroscience,forexample,Israeliresearchersfoundthatpeoplecanlearntoconnectsoundswithsmellsduringsleep.Thescientistsplayedatone(声音)tosleepingstudyparticipants(参与者)whileputtingsomerotten(腐烂的)fishbesidetheirbeds.Onceawake,whenhearingthetone,thepeopleheldtheirbreathinanticipation(预判)ofabadsmell.“Thiswasaclearfindingshowingparticipantsformednewmemoriesduringsleep,”saidAndrillon,ascientistinthisfield.Althoughthenewmemorywasimplicit(暗示性的),itcouldinfluencehowpeoplebehave,researchersfoundina2014studypublishedintheJournalofNeuroscience.Inthatresearch,afterspendinganightinaroomfullofcigarette(香烟)smellmixedwithrotteneggsorfish,smokersusefewercigarettes.Andrillonandhisteammembershavefoundthatlearninginsleepcanalsogobeyondsimpleconditioning.Intheir2017studypublishedinNatureCommunications,participantswereabletopickoutsoundfeaturesthattheyhadheardduringsleep.Learningabilitiesinsleepmayspreadtolearningofwords.InastudypublishedinCurrentBiology,researchersplayedpairsofmade-upwordsandtheirsupposedmeanings,like“guga”meanselephant,tosleepparticipants.Afterthis,whenawake,theparticipantsdidbetterinpickingtherighttranslationofmade-upwordsinamulti-choicetest.Sofar,researchsuggestsitmaybepossibletolearnaboutthetoneandpronunciationofalanguageoreventhemeaningofwordswhilesleeping,althoughitistoaweakerlevelthanwhatwedoduringthedaywithoutnoticing.33．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toshowthatsleeplearningispossible. B．Tostudyhowtomakeuseofsleeplearning.C．Toreportsomefamousresearchfindings. D．Toprovesleeplearningisimplicitandweak.34．Whatdoesthephrase“newmemories”inthethirdparagraphreferto(指的是)?A．Connectionbetweenparticipantsandscientists. B．Connectionbetweensoundsandsmells.C．Thetone’sinfluenceontherottenfish. D．Therotteneggs’influenceoncigarettes.35．Whatisthemainideaofthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Sleepcandogoodtolearning. B．Languagelearningcanhappeninsleep.C．Peoplelearninsleepinadifferentlanguage. D．Sleeplearningisbetterthandaytimevide vt.提供

providesb.withsth.

providesth.forsb.—Whatdoyouthinkofthehotel?

—It’sgreat!Itcanprovidefood

usanytime.Theycanprovideus

hotwaterevenatnight.A.for;for

B.with;with

C.with;for

D.for;with2020扬州3．________hopesforasweethomeasitprovidesuswithwarmthandtrust.A．None B．Everyone C．Nobody D．Somebody2022镇江10．Ourschoolprovidessomanycolourfulafter-schoolactivitiesonFridays,buteachstudentcanonlychoose_______twoactivities.A．atfirst B．atlast C．atleast D．atmostwhileconj.然而;

当┅时

①—Somepeopletrytosavebirds

othersevenkillthemforfood!

—Hopemorepeoplewilllearntocareaboutbirds.A.so

B.while

C.if

D.because

②Pleaselookaftermycat______I’maway.inorderto

以便，为了inorderto意为“以便,为的是”,后接动词原形,表示目的。inordernotto,意为“以免”。g.Bequietinthereadingroominordernottodisturbothers.【拓展】“inorderto+动词原形”可以转换为“inorder+that从句”结构。Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.=Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchthefirstbus.例：Inorderto_______(have)agoodrest,hechosetostayathomelastweekend.leadvi/vt

领导，带领

led/led

leadtosth/doingsth

导致Hiscarelessness

tohisdeathlastmonth.2020泰州3．—Wehaveenteredaworldwhererobotoperationsbecometruewith5Gtechnology.—Hardtobelieve!Scientistsarefullof________whichleadstogreatchangesinourlife.A．attraction B．invention C．position D．contributionchangen.改变，变化［C］

找零［U］Here’syourchange.vt.

改变

changeone’smind

changetothebus①—Canyoutellmethechanges

thenumbersoftheteachersinourschool.—Sure.Thenumberoftheteachers

bigger.Thereare300.A.in;is

B.into;is

C.in

;are

D.into;are②Great________havetakenplaceinmyhometownovertheyears.2020泰州3．—Wehaveenteredaworldwhererobotoperationsbecometruewith5Gtechnology.—Hardtobelieve!Scientistsarefullof________whichleadstogreatchangesinourlife.A．attraction B．invention C．position D．contribution2020无锡4．—Youpromisedthatyou________metoDisneyland,Dad.—Well,Idid,dear.Butwehavetochangetheplan.A．willtake B．wouldtake C．hastaken D．hadtake