外研版英语必修三讲义Module6OldandNew2SectionⅡIntroductionReadingandVocabulary-LanguagePointsWord版含答案

SectionⅡIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary—LanguagePointseq\a\vs4\al(,,,datefrom（＝datebackto）追溯到，起源于)(教材P51)MostoftheGreatWalldatesfromtheMingDynasty(1368－1644)．长城的大部分始建于明朝(1368－1644年)。(1)outofdate 过时的；陈旧的uptodate 最新式的；现代的(2)fix/setadatefor 确定……的日期①Theancienttempledatesbackto/fromthe14thcentury.这座古老的寺庙始建于14世纪。②(牛津词典)Hasthedateofthemeetingbeenfixed?开会的日期决定了吗？[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Thelake,whichdates(date)fromabout3.4billionyears,coversasmuchas80squaremilesandisupto1，500feetdeep.②Thetemplehasalonghistorydating(date)backtotheearlyperiodoftheTangDynasty.[链接写作]——完成句子③这个书店里的所有书籍都是最新的，所以它们吸引了很多热爱读书的人。Allthebooksinthebookstoreareup__to__datesotheyhaveattractedmanybookworms.④这本词典已经过时了，自从这本词典出版以来，这门语言已增添了很多单词。(2016·天津卷)Thedictionaryisout__of__date：manywordshavebeenaddedtothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.datebackto/datefrom常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。acmodatev．容纳(乘客等)；能提供……膳宿(教材P51)Theairportiswithinfivehours’flyingtimeofhalftheworld’spopulationandisdesignedtoacmodate80millionpassengersayear.该机场位于世界上一半人口时飞行时间以内所到达的区域，其设计可以容纳每年八千万乘客的流量。(1)acmodatesb.withsth. 帮忙；给……提供方便acmodateoneselfto 使自己适应于……(2)acmodationn. 膳食供应；住宿①Thehotel,whichwasbuiltin2018,isabletoacmodateupto500guests.建于2018年的那座旅馆能容纳多达500位客人。②Ineedtoacmodatetothenewschedule.我需要适应新的时间表。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Hewillacmodatemewiththeuseofhishousewhileheisabroad.②Whereverhegoes,hequicklyacmodateshimselftothechangedconditions.③Aftertheearthquake,thefirstthingthelocalgovernmentdidwastoprovideacmodation(acmodate)forthehomelessfamilies.eq\a\vs4\al(,,,holdback阻止；阻挡；控制；隐瞒)(教材P53)MaoZedongwroteapoeminwhichhedreamedof“wallsofstonetoholdbackcloudsandraintillasmoothlakerisesinthenarrowgorges”．毛泽东曾写过一首词，在这首词里，他想象了“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的壮丽景观。[一词多义]——写出下列句中holdback的含义①(全国卷Ⅰ)Ihadtoholdbacktearsasheleft.抑制，控制②Ithinkhe’sholdingsomethingback;heknowsmorethanheadmits.隐瞒③(湖南卷)Ihadastrongdesiretoreachinandplaywiththetoy,butwasheldbackthankfullybytheshopwindow.阻止；阻挡holdup 举起；支持住；使停顿，耽误holdout 继续；坚持；忍耐；伸出holdon (打时用语)请等一下，不要挂holdonto 抓住；保持，不要放弃[即学即练]——单句语法填空④Holdontoyourdreamandyouwillsucceed.⑤Hiscarwasheldupinthetrafficjam,sohewaslatefortheparty.⑥Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcrying—holdingbacktearsofpainorsuffering—canbebadforphysicalhealth.⑦(江苏卷)—IsPeterthere?—Holdon,please.I’llseeifIcanfindhimforyou.narrowadj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的vt.&vi.(使)变窄；缩小(教材P53)MaoZedongwroteapoeminwhichhedreamedof“wallsofstonetoholdbackcloudsandraintillasmoothlakerisesinthenarrowgorges”．毛泽东曾写过一首词，在这首词里，他想象了“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的壮丽景观。(1)anarrowescape 九死一生(2)narrowlyadv. 勉强地；狭隘地①Wemustnarrowthegapbetweenparentsandchildren.我们必须缩小父母和孩子之间的隔阂。②Thebridgeistoonarrowforthecarstopass.这座桥太窄了，汽车无法通过。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①(天津卷)Parentsandchildrenshouldmunicatemoretonarrow(narrow)thegapbetweenthemsothattheycanunderstandeachotherbetter.②(天津卷)Thefinalscoreofthebasketballmatchwas93－94.Wewereonlynarrowly(narrow)beaten.③LastyearIhadanarrowescapefromacarcrash,andIdon’twanttoriskmylifeasecondtime.eq\a\vs4\al(,,,etrue（预言、梦想等）变成现实，实现)(教材P53)Nowhisdreamhasetrue.如今，他的理想变成了现实。①Mayallyourdreamsetrue!祝你所有的梦想都能成真！②Herdreamofgoingtocollegecametrueatlast.她上大学的梦想最终实现了。[链接写作]——一句多译我相信有一天我的梦想会成为现实。①Ibelieveonedaymydreamwille__true．②Ibelieveonedaymydreamwillberealized．③IbelieveonedayIwillrealize__my__dream．etrue其中e是系动词，意思是“变成”，没有被动语态，主语通常是“希望、理想、梦想、愿望”等词；realize作“实现”讲，是及物动词，可用于被动语态。sthetrue＝sth.berealized，表示某事被实现了。removevt.迁移；搬迁；去除；脱掉；摘下；开除；解除(职务)；打消(教材P53)Someofthemarebeingremovedandsomearebeingputintomuseums.有些被搬迁，有些正被搬进博物馆。[一词多义]——写出下列句中remove的含义①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Whenfatandsaltareremovedfromfood，thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.除去②(2017·浙江卷)Sheremovedthediamondringtocookameal.摘掉③Wetriedtoremovehisdoubtandlethimtellthetruth.打消④Theofficialwasremovedfromthepostlastweek.开除remove...from... 把……从……移开removefrom...to... 从……搬迁到……removeone’sclothes 脱下衣服removeone’sdoubt 消除某人的疑惑removesb.fromschool/office 开除/免职[即学即练]——单句语法填空⑤Becauseoftheseriousairpollution,thefamilydecidedtoremovefromthecitytothecountryside.⑥Beforetheexamination,theschoolorganizedsomerelaxingactivitiestoremovefearsandanxietyfromstudents’mind.⑦Threechildrenwere__removed(remove)fromtheschoolforbadbehavioryesterday.Ittakessb.sometime/moneytodosth.(教材P51)IttooksixyearstobuildandcostUS$20billion.它花费了6年时间建成，耗资200亿美元。Ittakes(sb.)sometimetodosth.做某事花费(某人)多少时间。It为形式主语，后面的不定式短语todosth.是真正的主语。此外，take还可表示“需要”之意，ittakes/tooksth.todosth.做某事需要……。(1)sth.take(sb.)sometime 某事花费(某人)多少时间(2)sb.spendsometime/money(in)doing/onsth. 某人花费多少时间/金钱做某事(3)sth.cost(sb.)sometime/money 某事花费(某人)多少时间/金钱(4)sb.paysomemoneyforsth./todosth. 某人花费多少金钱为某事/做某事①Ittookmequitealongtimetounderstandthemeaningofthepainting.我花了相当长的时间才理解那幅画的意义。②Ittakeshardworktomakedreamsintoreality.实现梦想需要付出艰苦的努力。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①a.(天津卷)Ittookmeover21yearsto__get(get)mycollegedegree!b．Believeitornot,ittakesgreatcourageto__tell(tell)thetruth.②Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthetimewhichshehasspentworking(work)asasecretaryinourpany.[链接写作]——一句多译我们修理自行车花了半个小时。③Ittookushalfanhourtorepairthebicycle.(take)④Torepairthebicycletookushalfanhour.(take)⑤Wespenthalfanhour(in)repairingthebicycle.(spend)这辆车花了他15000美元。⑥Thecarcosthim$15，000.(cost)⑦Hespent$15，000onthecar.(spend)⑧Hepaid$15，000forthecar.(pay)eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)品句填词1．Thenew­builtconferencecenterisabletoacmodate(容纳)upto2，000people.2．Thebookthatsheisreadingnowisbasedonhistorical(历史的)events.3．Ourofficehasbeenremoved(搬迁)toShanghaifromBeijing.4．Thegateistoonarrow(窄的)foracar;wewillhavetowalkthrough.5．Thenewvillagestillunderconstruction(建设)willholdabout2，000villagersfromthenearbyvillages.6．Manymorevillageshavebeensubmerged(淹没)byfloodfollowingtheearthquake.7．Themaincauseofglobal(全球的)warmingishumanpollution.8．Canyouexplainthestructure(结构)ofthesentencetome？I’mconfused.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)单句改错1．Theoldtempledatedfromthe18thcenturyattractedtouristsathomeandabroad.dated→dating2．Realizinghermommustbeverytiredafteraday’swork,thegirlhelpstoremovethebaghershoulder.在bag后加from3．Thelittlegirlalwaysdreamslivingahappierlifeonsomeotherplanets.在dreams后加of4．Ittookusalongtimedecidewheretogo.在decide前加to5．Thedamisveryuseful.Itcannotonlygenerateelectricitybutalsoholdupthefloods.up→backeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)课文语法填空MaoZedong’sdreamhase1.true(truly)．TheThreeGorgesDamhasbeenbuilt2.acrosstheYangtzeRiver.TheThreeGorgesDamisanother3.biggest(big)constructionprojectbesidestheGreatWallandtheGrandCanal.Itsaimis4.to__control(control)floodingandprovidehydro­electricpowerforthecentralregionofChina.SunYat­senfirstsuggestedtheidea.5.Though/Althoughthedamhasbroughtaboutmanyproblems,suchas,floodingmanyareasandsomefamous6.historical(history)sites,thedamwillgenerateelectricity7.equal(equally)toabout40milliontonsofcoalwithout8.causing(cause)somuchairpollution.Becauseofthedam,manypeople9.have__removed(remove)fromtheirprevioushomes.Withthehelpofthegovernment,theyareliving10.ahappynewlifeindifferentareas.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单句语法填空1．Manyvisitorsvisitthechurchwhichdates(date)backtothe13thcenturyeveryyear.2．Thegovernmentwillprovidetemporaryacmodation(acmodate)foruptothreethousandpeoplewhohavelosttheirhomesintheflood.3．Jimwasabletoholdbackhisangerandaquarrelbetweenthetwoboyswasavoided.4．Theboynarrowly(narrow)escapedbeingdrownedintherivernearhishouselastyear.5．Withthemisunderstandingremoved(remove),thetwooldfriendsmadeuphappily.6．(2019·山师大附中高一期末)Withthedeepeningofreformandopening­upofourcountry,manypeopledreamofgoingabroadforfurtherstudy.7．Howmuchtimewillittaketo__repair(repair)theoldbridge?8．Theprojectunderconstructioninthecitywillbepletedattheendof2020.9．Thebookwhichisbasedonhistorical(history)eventsishelpfulforyoutostudyhistory.10．Heworkeddayandnight,andfinallyhisdreamofbeingateachercametrue(truly)．eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)阅读理解ATheAswanHighDamisoneoftheworld’slargestdamsontheNileRiverinsouthernEgypt.AswanisacityontheNileinEgypt.AswatersfromEastAfricafloweddowntheriver,thewaterintheNilebroughtnutrientsandmineralsthatmadethesoilaroundtheNilefertileandidealforfarming,butatthesametime,itcausedseriousfloods.So,topreventtheriver’sflooding,generateelectricityandprovidewaterforagriculture,theAswanHighDamwasbuilt.In1899,theconstructionofthefirstdambeganandlasteduntil1902.Thedamwas1,900metreslongand54metreshighthen.However,thedamwassoonfoundnotbigenoughandtheheightofthedamwasraisedtwice.Whenthedamalmostoverflowedagainin1946,itwasdecidedthatratherthanraisethedamathirdtime,aseconddamwouldbebuilt6kmupriver.Properplanningbeganin1952.AtfirsttheUSAandBritainweretohelpfinanceconstruction.Butbothnationscancelledtheofferforreasonsnotentirelyknown.Atlast,theSovietUnionsteppedin,andpossiblyathirdofthecostofthedamwaspaidforasagift.TheSovietsalsoprovidedtechniciansandheavymachinery.Constructionbeganin1960,andwaspletedonJuly21,1970.TheAswanHighDamis3,600metresinlength,and111metreshigh.Itproducesahydro­electricoutputof2.1gigawattsandallowsfortheconnectionofmostEgyptianvillagestoelectricity.Inadditiontothebenefits,however,dammingtheNilecausedanumberofissues.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中向读者详细介绍了尼罗河上的阿斯旺大坝从开工到竣工的过程以及阿斯旺大坝所起的作用。1．WhichisNOTthepurposeoftheconstructionofthedam?A．Topreventtheriver’sflooding.B．Togenerateelectricity.C．Toprovidewaterforagriculture.D．Tooverflowsoilsandbringsalttothesurface.D解析：细节理解题。从第二段最后一句可知，只有D项淹没土地把盐分带到表面不是大坝建设的目的。2．What’sthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A．Theprocessoftheconstructionofthedam.B．Thedamwasrebuiltandenlargedmanytimes.C．TheUSAandBritainweretohelpfinanceconstruction.D．TheSovietUnionofferedgreathelpintheconstructionofthedam.A解析：段落大意题。第三段主要讲述阿斯旺大坝从开工到竣工的过程。3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?A．TheNilemadethesoilaroundtheNileidealforfarming.B．Thewholeconstructionofthedambeganin1899andfinishedin1902.C．In1946,thedamwasnotraisedforathirdtimebutaseconddamwasdecidedtobebuilt.D．TheAswanHighDamcanproduceelectricityformostEgyptianvillages.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句可知，大坝的第一批工程是在1899年到1902年完成的，但不是整个工程完成。4．Whatwillbewrittennext?A．Howtoprotectthedam.B．Theadvantagesofthedam.C．Thedisadvantagesofthedam.D．Thedamattractsalotofvisitors.C解析：推理判断题。文章第四段讲了大坝所带来的好处。根据最后一段可知，接下来要讲的是大坝所引起的问题。BMyfriendTimwasoneoffivechildren.Hisfatherwasanalcoholicanddiedveryyoung,andhismotherwasunabletosupportthefamily.Unfortunately,thechildrenwereseparatedandplacedinfosterhomes(收养家庭)．Timdroppedoutofschoolanddidnothingtofurtherhimself.Heeventuallywentthroughadivorce.Tim’sbrother,althoughexperiencingthesamechildhood,educatedhimselfandgotagoodjob.Hehasahappyfamilyandawonderfulhome.Bothbrothersgaveasimilaranswerwhenaskedwhytheirlivesturnedoutthewaytheydid.Theysaid，“You’dturnoutthiswaytooifyouhadachildhoodlikemine.”Neitherofthebrotherscouldchangehispast,butoneofthemadjusted(调整)hissail.Itdoesn’ttakemuchtofindanexcusewhetherthatisourfamilybackground,ourlackofeducation,orthatweliveinthewrongcity,ordonotknowtherightpeople.Eachoneoftheseexcuseshasasolution.However,ifyoubelievethatthereisnothingyoucandototurnyourlifearound,thenyouwon’tbeabletochangeyourlifeforthebetter.Ifyoureallydesiretoturnyourlifetoanewcourse,tosetyoursailtoadifferentport,itisamatterofchoice.Ifyouchoosetomoveforward,theeasiestwayistofindasolutiontoyourtoday’ssituation.Solutionsarethereifyouwanttogoafterthem.Sure,itmaytakesomehardwork,orthewillingnesstotakearisk.Butifyoudonot,thenyouwillneverhaveadifferentorhappylife.Donotlimityourselfbyfindinganexcuse;onlylimityourselfbyrefusingtohaveanexcuse.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。我们的过往是什么并不是很重要，因为未来掌握在我们自己手里。5．WhydoesTim’sbrotherhaveahappylife?A．Hehadahappychildhood.B．Hetriedhardtochangehislife.C．Hehadawonderfulfosterhome.D．Hewasthesmartestofhisfamily.B解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“Tim’sbrother,althoughexperiencingthesamechildhood,educatedhimselfandgotagoodjob.”可知，Tim的哥哥努力改变自己的命运。6．WhatdidTimthinkledtohisunhappylife?A．Hislaziness.B．Notadjustinghissail.C．Hisunhappychildhood.D．Nothavinganyopportunities.C解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“Theysaid,‘You’dturnoutthiswaytooifyouhadachildhoodlikemine.’”可知，Tim将自己的不幸归咎于自己不幸的童年。7．Intheauthor’sopinion,hisfriendTim________．A．reallyhadnochancetoimprovehislifeB．failedbecausehelivedinthewrongcityC．wasthemostunfortunatemanintheworldD．couldhavechangedhislifeifhehadchosentoD解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的“Eachoneoftheseexcuseshasa...yourlifeforthebetter.”可知，作者认为Tim本来是可以改变自己的人生的。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．AdjustYourSailB．Say“no”toExcusesC．MoveTowardaHappyFamilyD．HowWeLiveOurLifeIsaChoiceD解析：标题归纳题。由最后一段中的“Ifyoureallydesiretoturn...matterofchoice.”可知，本文旨在告诉我们，想过什么样的生活在于我们自己怎么选择。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)七选五HowtoStayHealthyWhileTravelingItravelalot.Eachmonth，Ipackupmysuitcaseandhittheroad，whetheritcouldbebyplane，train，orcar.1.________，Ialwaysfindmyselfwiththesameproblem—howtostayhealthyandfitwhiletraveling?MoveAround!Whileonplanes，youshouldmakeeveryefforttomovearound，liketakingawalktothelavatory(洗手间)．Havingastopover？2.________．Takingaroadtrip？Makeplentyofstopstomovearoun