山东省滨州市阳信县2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题(（解析版）)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省滨州市阳信县2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe4BestGroupTravelTourCompaniesfor2022BestOverallGroupTravel:ExodusTravelsThisaward-winninggrouptravelcompanytakesprideinthousandsofrepeatcustomerswhosignupfortripsyearafteryear.Thesesmallgrouptoursoperatewithonlyaround12—16people,andalwaysfeatureexperiencedlocalleaderswhocangiveyouauniqueinsightintoyourdestination.BestAdventureGroupTravel:WorldExpeditionsWorldExpeditionsoffersactivetripsoneverycontinent.Travelerscanchoosefromtripsthemedaroundmountaineering,cycling,hiking,andsoon.Tripsarecreatedusingthecompany’sThoughtfulTravelCharterasaguidelinewhichemphasizesrespectforthelocalecosystem,havingapositiveimpactonlocalcommunities,protectingwildlife,andmore.BestBudgetGroupTravel:GAdventuresGAdventuresisoneofthebesttourcompaniesforsolotravelers.YoucanchoosetosharearoomwithanotherGAdventuressolotraveler,orpayextratohaveyourownspace.GAdventureskeepscostsdownbyofferingcheaperhotelsandlocalmeals,andmakingcertainactivitiesoptional.Familytours,locallivingtours,andwellness-focusedtoursarealsoavailable.BestSmall-groupTravel:IntrepidTravelsThisfantasticAustraliancompanyadoptsanindependenttravelstyleandisoneoftheworld’sleadingsmall-groupadventuretravelcompanies.Sinceitsfoundationin1989,Intrepidhasfocusedonprovidingastyleoftravelthathasallthebenefitsofindependenttravelwithnoneoftheusualtroubles,inwhichtouristsmeetlocalpeople,trylocalfoodandhavereallifeculturalexperiences.1.Whichcompanyissuitableforpeoplekeenoneco-tourism?A.GAdventures.B.ExodusTravels.C.IntrepidTravels.D.WorldExpeditions.2.WhatdoExodusTravelsandIntrepidTravelshaveincommon?A.Theywoninternationalawards.B.Theyprovidesmallgrouptours.C.Theycompeteforrepeatcustomers.D.Theyprovidefancyhotelsfortravelers.3.WhomightbemoreinterestedinGAdventures?A.Qualifiedtourguides.B.Peopleonatightbudget.C.Unusualpathadventurers.D.Peopleintoextremesports.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家2022年度最佳团体旅游公司。〖答案〗1.D2.B3.B1．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第二部分的句子“Tripsarecreatedusingthecompany’sThoughtfulTravelCharterasaguidelinewhichemphasizesrespectforthelocalecosystem,havingapositiveimpactonlocalcommunities,protectingwildlife,andmore.（该公司以“贴心旅行章程”为指导原则，强调尊重当地生态系统，对当地社区产生积极影响，保护野生动物等）”可知，WorldExpeditions这家旅游公司很注重对生态的保护，所以它适合于热衷于保护生态的人们。故选D项。2．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一部分的第二句话“Thesesmallgrouptoursoperatewithonlyaround12—16people,andalwaysfeatureexperiencedlocalleaderswhocangiveyouauniqueinsightintoyourdestination.（这些小团体旅行团只有12-16人左右，而且总是有经验丰富的当地导游，他们能给你关于目的地的独特见解）”和最后一部分的第一句话“ThisfantasticAustraliancompanyadoptsanindependenttravelstyleandisoneoftheworld’sleadingsmall-groupadventuretravelcompanies.（这家很棒的澳大利亚公司采取独立旅行的风格，是世界领先的小型冒险旅游公司之）”可知，ExodusTravels和IntrepidTravels两家公司的共同点是他们都提供小型旅行团。故选B项。3．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三部分的第三句话“GAdventureskeepscostsdownbyofferingcheaperhotelsandlocalmeals,andmakingcertainactivitiesoptional.（GAdventures通过提供更便宜的酒店和当地餐饮，并提供一些可选择的活动，来降低成本）”可知，GAdventures的收费肯定较低，所以适合预算紧张的人。故选B项。BAtree-plantinginitiativeinKenyahasseenover30,000treesbeingplanted.TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.FoundedbyclimateactivistElizabethWathutiwhenshewasfifteenyearsold,theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees.Sinceitsfoundation,over30,000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.Thetreeshaverecordedasurvivalrateofover98percent,astheyremaintendedtofromyoungtreestomaturity.SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUnitedNationsClimateConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningonthethreatofclimatechange.OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimaterelatedstarvation.In2025,halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbefacingwatershortage.Theclimatecrisiswilldisplace80millionpeopleinsub-SaharanAfricaalone.Elizabethsaid,“IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.”Sofar,theyhavegrown30,000fruittreestomaturity,providingdesperatelyneedednutritionforthousandsofchildren.“Everydayweseethatwhenwelookafterthetrees,theylookafterus.WearetheadultsonthisEarthrightnow,anditisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater,”sheadded.4.Whatistheinitiativeintendedfor?A.Makingpolicies. B.Raisingmoney.C.Educatingadults. D.Fightingclimatechange.5.WhatcrisisareKenyansencounteringatpresent?A.Hunger. B.Sickness C.Watershortage. D.Economicrisks.6.Whathasbeenachievedsince2016?A.3,000treeshavebeenplanted.B.Greenawarenesshasbeenraised.C.80millionpeoplehavebeensaved.D.Schooleducationhasbeenguaranteed.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeElizabethWathuti?A.Friendlyandtalented. B.Caringandresponsible.C.Honestanddetermined. D.Ambitiousandhumorous.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。为了应对气候变化和森林减少以及由气候变化带来的饥饿问题，ElizabethWathuti创立的慈善机构theGreenGenerationInitiative已在肯尼亚种了3万多棵果树。〖答案〗4.D5.A6.B7.B4．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句话“TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.（theGreenGenerationInitiative是肯尼亚的一个慈善机构，自2016年以来一直在这个东非国家植树，以应对气候变化和森林减少）”可知，这一倡议的目的是应对气候变化。故选D项。5．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句话“OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimaterelatedstarvation.（超过200万肯尼亚人正面临与气候相关的饥饿）”可知，肯尼亚目前面临的危机是饥饿问题。故选A项。6．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句话“TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.（theGreenGenerationInitiative是肯尼亚的一个慈善机构，自2016年以来一直在这个东非国家植树，以应对气候变化和森林减少）”可知，这一慈善机构是2016年成立的；再由第二段的前两句话“FoundedbyclimateactivistElizabethWathutiwhenshewasfifteenyearsold,theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees.Sinceitsfoundation,over30,000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.（该倡议由气候活动人士Elizabethwasthuti在15岁时发起，其主要重点是通过学校的环境教育培养年轻的气候活动人士，并通过种植果树解决该地区的粮食不安全问题。自该项目成立以来，肯尼亚已种植了3万多棵树，数千名学童不仅植树，而且认养树木，以确保年轻人了解作为环境健康的监护人的重要性）”可知，该慈善机构自成立以来，不仅种植了3万棵果树，还提高了年轻人的环保意识。故选B项。7．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据ElizabethWathuti创立慈善机构的目的，特别是第三段的第一句话“SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUnitedNationsClimateConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningonthethreatofclimatechange.（最近在格拉斯哥举行的联合国气候大会上，Elizabeth对世界各国领导人发表讲话，就气候变化的威胁发出了严重警告）”和第四段的第一句话“Elizabethsaid,‘IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.’（Elizabeth说:‘我一直在做我能做的。在伟大的WangariMaathai启发下，我创立了一个植树计划，以提高肯尼亚年轻人的粮食安全’）”可以推论出，ElizabethWathuti是一位富有爱心和责任心的人。故选B项。CIfyou’vefolloweddietingadviceandexperiencedsignificantweightloss,onlytohaveitreturn;you’renotalone.It’salsonotyourfault.Thehumanbodyisdesignedtomaintainbalanceasmuchaspossible.Inarestrictedcalorieenvironment,thebodyadaptstousingfewercalorieseachdaytofunction.Thisleadstoaslowinginmetabolism,whichmakesiteven.moredifficulttoloseweightandultimatelyleadstogainingweightagain.Muscleismoremetabolicallyactivethanfat,whichmeansitburnsmorecaloriesatrestthanfatdoes.Ifyourbodystartsbreakingdownmuscletofuelitsbasicfunctions,thatcanfurtherslowyourmetabolismandmakelosingweightandkeepingitofflongtermdifficult.Becausethebodywantstopreserveweight,aslowapproachtolosingextrapoundsishealthierthansharplycuttingcalories.It’sbettertopaceyourweightlossbyeatingjustenoughcaloriestokeepyouatinsufficiencywhilestillmeetingmostofyourbodysenergyneeds.Thiswillhelpkeepyourmetabolismworkingefficiently.Determiningthenumberofcaloriesyouneedtoeattomeetthatrateofweightlosswilldependonseveralfactors,includingyourage,startingweight,activitylevelandsex.CandacePumper,astaffdietitianwiththeOhioStateUniversityWexnerMedicalCenterinColumbus,says,“TheAcademyofNutritionandDieteticspositionstatementonadultweightmanagementrecommends1,200to1,500caloriesperdayforwomenand1,500to1,800caloriesperdayformentosupportweightloss.”Shenotes,however,thoseguidelinesare“notmeanttosubstituteforprofessionalnutritionaladviceortreatment.It’srecommendedindividualsfollowtheadviceoftheirdietitian’sguidanceregardingappropriatecalorieintake,asmanyfactorsaffectcalorieneeds.”Shealsonotesthatifoneislookingtoloseweightquickly,hehastoworkwithandbesupervisedbyahealthcareprovider.8.Whydopeoplegainweightafterdietingforlong?A.Themuscleburnsfewercaloriesatrestthanfat. B.Thebodyfunctionsslowlybecauseofdieting.C.Itishardtostrikeabalancewhileinhunger. D.Itisimpossibletohavealong-termeffect.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“atinsufficiency”probablymeaninParagraph2?A.Beingimproper. B.BeingunhealthyC.Beinginadequate. D.Beingunnecessary.10.Whichofthefollowingmaydeterminecalorieloss?①age②weight③identity④genderA.②③④ B.①②③ C.①②④ D.①③④11.Whatissuggestedinthelastparagraph?A.Individualeffortsmatteralot. B.Professionaladviceisimportant.C.Calorieneedsvaryfrompersontoperson. D.Careproviderscanbereliedonforweightgain.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们长时间节食后体重会增加是因为节食导致身体运作缓慢。身体想要保持体重，缓慢的减肥方法比大幅减少卡路里更健康。为了达到减肥的速度，你需要摄入多少卡路里取决于几个因素，包括你的年龄、初始体重、活动水平和性别。〖答案〗8.B9.C10.C11.B8．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inarestrictedcalorieenvironment,thebodyadaptstousingfewercalorieseachdaytofunction.Thisleadstoaslowinginmetabolism,whichmakesiteven.moredifficulttoloseweightandultimatelyleadstogainingweightagain.(在限制卡路里的环境中，身体适应每天使用更少的卡路里来运作。这会导致新陈代谢变慢，从而达到平衡。更难减肥，最终导致体重再次增加)”可知，人们长时间节食后体重会增加是因为节食导致身体运作缓慢。故选B。9．〖解析〗词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Becausethebodywantstopreserveweight,aslowapproachtolosingextrapoundsishealthierthansharplycuttingcalories.(因为身体想要保持体重，缓慢的减肥方法比大幅减少卡路里更健康)”以及划线词上文“It’sbettertopaceyourweightlossbyeatingjustenoughcaloriestokeepyou”和下文“whilestillmeetingmostofyourbodysenergyneeds”可知，健康的减肥最好是通过摄入足够的卡路里来控制你的减肥速度，以保持你的不足，同时仍然满足你身体的大部分能量需求。故划线词意思是“不足”。故选C。10．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段中“Determiningthenumberofcaloriesyouneedtoeattomeetthatrateofweightlosswilldependonseveralfactors,includingyourage,startingweight,activitylevelandsex.(为了达到减肥的速度，你需要摄入多少卡路里取决于几个因素，包括你的年龄、初始体重、活动水平和性别)”可知，年龄、体重和性别决定了卡路里的损失。故选C。11．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段“Shenotes,however,thoseguidelinesare“notmeanttosubstituteforprofessionalnutritionaladviceortreatment.It’srecommendedindividualsfollowtheadviceoftheirdietitian’sguidanceregardingappropriatecalorieintake,asmanyfactorsaffectcalorieneeds.”Shealsonotesthatifoneislookingtoloseweightquickly,hehastoworkwithandbesupervisedbyahealthcareprovider.(然而，她指出，这些指导方针“并不是要取代专业的营养建议或治疗。建议人们听从营养师的建议，摄入适当的卡路里，因为影响卡路里需求的因素很多。”她还指出，如果一个人想快速减肥，他必须与医疗保健提供者合作，并在其监督下)”可推知，最后一段表明专业建议很重要。故选B。DVoicesofferlotsofinformation.Itturnsoutthattheycanevenhelpdiagnoseanillness.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthisfundingamassiveresearchprojecttocollectvoicedataanddevelopanAIthatcoulddiagnosepeoplebasedontheirspeech.Everythingfromyourvocalcordvibrations(声带振动)tobreathingpatternswhenyouspeakofferspotentialinformationaboutyourhealth,saysDr.YaelBensoussan,aleaderonthestudy.“Weaskedexperts:Ifyoucloseyoureyeswhenapatientcomesin,justbylisteningtotheirvoice,canyouhaveanideaofthediagnosistheyhave?”Bensoussansays.“Andthat’swherewegotallourinformation.”SomeonewhospeakslowandslowlymighthaveParkinson’sdisease.Speakingunclearlyisasignofastroke.Scientistscouldevendiagnosedepressionorcancer.Theteamwillstartbycollectingthevoicesofpeople.“Wewerereallylackinglargewhatwecallopensourcedatabases,”Bensoussansays.“Everyinstitutionhastheirowndatabase.Buttocreatethesenetworkswasreallyimportanttothenallowresearchersfromothergenerationstousethisdata.”Theultimategoalisanappthatcouldhelpbridgeaccesstoruralorunderservedcommunities,byhelpinggeneralpractitionersreferpatientstospecialists.Togetthere,researchershavetostartbycollectingdata,sincetheAIcanonlygetasgoodasthedatabaseit’slearningfrom.Bytheendofthefouryears,theyhopetocollectabout30,000voices,withdataonotherbiomarkers—likeclinicaldataandgeneticinformation—tomatch.Thereareafewroadblocks.HIPAA—thelawthatregulatesmedicalprivacy—isn’treallyclearonwhetherresearcherscansharevoices.“Let’ssayyoudonateyourvoicetoourproject,”saysYaelBensoussan.“Whodoesthevoicebelongto?Whatareweallowedtodowithit?Whatareresearchersallowedtodowithit?Canitbecommercialized?”12.WhatdoesYaelBensoussanmeaninParagraph2?A.Voicesmayhelpwithillnessdiagnosis.B.ScientistscanrelyonanAItodetectillness.C.Diseasesymptomscanbenotedbymachines.D.It’snecessaryfordoctorstolistentopatientstalking.13.Howwilltheresearchbecarriedout?A.Bybuildingabase.B.Bycollectingdata.C.Byconnectingcommunities.D.Bymatchingclinicalinformation.14.WhyisHIPAAmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toprovetheresearchers’idea.B.Toexplaintheproceduresofthestudy.C.Toimplytheproblemswiththeresearch.D.Toensurethecommercialvalueofthestudy.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AnApplicationforVoiceStudyB.Data-collectedApproachtoResearchC.ABreakthroughinMedicalFindingsD.Sound-aidedAIHelpsWithDiagnosis【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述美国国立卫生研究院正在资助一个大规模的研究项目，以收集语音数据并开发一种可以根据语音诊断人疾病的人工智能。〖答案〗12.A13.B14.C15.D12．〖解析〗细节理解题。由文章第二段“‘Weaskedexperts:Ifyoucloseyoureyeswhenapatientcomesin,justbylisteningtotheirvoice,canyouhaveanideaofthediagnosistheyhave?’Bensoussansays.‘Andthat’swherewegotallourinformation.’SomeonewhospeakslowandslowlymighthaveParkinson’sdisease.Speakingunclearlyisasignofastroke.Scientistscouldevendiagnosedepressionorcancer.(‘我们问专家：如果你在病人进来时闭上眼睛，只听他们的声音，你能知道他们的诊断吗？’Bensoussan说。‘这就是我们获得所有信息的地方。’说话低沉缓慢的人可能患有帕金森氏症。说话含糊不清是中风的征兆。科学家甚至可以诊断出抑郁症或癌症。)”可知，通过Bensoussan的话我们可以知道，声音可能有助于疾病诊断。故选A选。13．〖解析〗细节理解题。由文章第三段“Togetthere,researchershavetostartbycollectingdata,sincetheAIcanonlygetasgoodasthedatabaseit’slearningfrom.Bytheendofthefouryears,theyhopetocollectabout30,000voices,withdataonotherbiomarkers—likeclinicaldataandgeneticinformation—tomatch.(要做到这一点，研究人员必须从收集数据开始，因为人工智能只能获得与其所学习的数据库一样好的数据。到四年结束时，他们希望收集到大约30000个声音，以及其他生物标志物的数据，如临床数据和遗传信息，以进行匹配。)”可知，接下来研究所将要收集声音数据。故选B项。14．〖解析〗推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Thereareafewroadblocks.HIPAA—thelawthatregulatesmedicalprivacy—isn’treallyclearonwhetherresearcherscansharevoices.‘Let’ssayyoudonateyourvoicetoourproject,’saysYaelBensoussan.‘Whodoesthevoicebelongto?Whatareweallowedtodowithit?Whatareresearchersallowedtodowithit?Canitbecommercialized?’(这里有几个障碍。HIPAA——监管医疗隐私的法律——并不清楚研究人员是否可以分享声音。‘假设你为我们的项目贡献了自己的声音，’YaelBensoussan说道。‘声音属于谁？我们可以用它做什么？研究人员可以用它来做什么？它可以商业化吗？’)”可知，文章提到HIPAA是为了说明这研究所面临的一些问题。故选D项。15．〖解析〗主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Voicesofferlotsofinformation.Itturnsoutthattheycanevenhelpdiagnoseanillness.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthisfundingamassiveresearchprojecttocollectvoicedataanddevelopanAIthatcoulddiagnosepeoplebasedontheirspeech.(声音提供了很多信息。事实证明，他们甚至可以帮助诊断疾病。美国国立卫生研究院正在资助一个大规模的研究项目，以收集语音数据并开发一种可以根据语音诊断人的人工智能。)”以及下文可知，文章主要讲述美国正在研究以收集语音数据并开发一种可以根据语音诊断人疾病的人工智能。所以D项Sound-aidedAIHelpWithDiagnosis(声音辅助AI帮助诊断)符合文意。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Work,familyandworldeventscanbesostressfulthatitfeelslikeoptimismandjoyarefaroutofreach.Anyonecangetstuckinabadmood—butyoudon’thavetostaythere!____16____Onceyou’reinamoodyouneedtoshake,startbygoingtoyourhappyplace.____17____Ifnot,keepaphotoonyourphoneorcomputerofabeautiful,favoriteplaceandtakeamomenttoimagineyourselfthere.What’stheweatherlike?Whatdoestheairsmelllike?Whatareyoudoingwhileyou’rethere?Howdoesbeingtheremakeyoufeel?You’llinstantlyfeelcalmer,lostinthedaydreamorthememoryofyourhappyplace.Wecanmakeoursituationsworsebykeepingthinkingaboutnegativethoughts.____18____“Badthingsalwayshappentome,”becomes“WhatlessoncanIlearnfromthissituation?”“Iwastedthewholeday,”becomes“Istillhave5morehourslefttomaketodayagreatday!”Whetheritisgoingforacoffeeatyourfavoritecafé,orcatchingamovieinthetheatre,makesurethatonceaweekyouschedulesome“me”time.____19____Thatmaymeangettinglessdoneduringtheday,butyoudeservetotakeamentalbreak,regularly.Sogiveprioritytothetimeyouneedtorecharge.____20____Whetherit’stherarebitofeasytrafficonyourwaytoworkorthebreakintheweather,youwon’thavetimetocomplainaboutthenegativethingsbecauseyou’resobusybeinggrateful.A.Youcanalsovolunteeratyourlocalshelter.B.Ithelpsfocusonthepresentandclearyourmind.C.Thankfully,therearewaysyoucangetbackontrack.D.Ifyou’reable,getintonatureandbreathethefreshair.E.Relieveyourstressandrefreshyourmind,bodyandspirit.F.Whenanegativethoughtflashes,replaceitwithapositiveone.G.Whenanegativeattitudetakesover,shakeitoffbypractisinggratitude.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何摆脱压力和糟糕的情绪。〖答案〗16.C17.D18.F19.E20.G16．〖解析〗根据上文“Anyonecangetstuckinabadmood—butyoudon’thavetostaythere!(任何人都可能陷入糟糕的情绪——但你不必待在那里！)”可知，上文告诉我们任何人都可以摆脱糟糕的情绪，不必深陷其中，C项“幸好，有很多方法可以让你回到正轨。”能够承接上文，且能够引起下文，下文介绍了摆脱糟糕情绪的方法。故选C。17．〖解析〗根据上文“Onceyou’reinamoodyouneedtoshake,startbygoingtoyourhappyplace.(一旦你有了需要摆脱的情绪，就你让你快乐的地方开始。)”可知，上文告诉我们可以通过从让你快乐的地方摆脱糟糕的情绪，D项“如果可以，进入大自然，呼吸新鲜空气。”能够承接上文，“大自然”是让你感到快乐的地方，你可以去那里呼吸新鲜空气。故选D。18．〖解析〗根据上文“Wecanmakeoursituationsworsebykeepingthinkingaboutnegativethoughts.(我们可能通过不断思考消极的想法来使我们的处境变得更糟。)”可知，上文告诉我们不断思考消极的想法会使我们的处境变得更糟，F项“当消极的想法闪现时，用积极的想法代替它。”能够承接上文，为了摆脱糟糕的情绪，我们要用积极的想法代替消极的想法。故选F。19．〖解析〗根据上文“Whetheritisgoingforacoffeeatyourfavoritecafé,orcatchingamovieinthetheatre,makesurethatonceaweekyouschedulesome“me”time.(无论是去你最喜欢的咖啡馆喝咖啡，还是去电影院看电影，确保每周安排一些“我”的时间。)”可知，上文告诉我们每周要安排一些属于自己的时间，E项“缓解你的压力，恢复你的思想、身体和精神。”能够承接上文，每周要安排一些属于自己的时间，这样做可以缓解你的压力，让你的思想、身体和精神得到恢复。故选E。20．〖解析〗根据下文“Whetherit’stherarebitofeasytrafficonyourwaytoworkorthebreakintheweather,youwon’thavetimetocomplainaboutthenegativethingsbecauseyou’resobusybeinggrateful.(无论是上班路上难得的顺畅交通，还是天气晴好，你都没有时间抱怨负面的事情，因为你忙着感恩。)”可知，下文告诉我们要学会感恩身边的人和事物，G项“当消极态度占据上风时，通过练习感恩来摆脱它。”能够引起下文，告诉我们要通过感恩来摆脱消极态度，选项中的“gratitude”和下文的“grateful”相呼应。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。EarlyspringcanbeatoughtimeintheMidwest.Itcan____21____bothpeopleandanimalswithitsunexpectedsnowstorms.Everyspring,migratory(迁徙的)birdscampoutinalargepondnearmyhouseonthewaytotheirsummer____22____.Thisyear,besidesgeese,scaups,atypeofdivingduckspentdayshangingout____23____eats.Thenasnowstormhit,followedbyavery____24____night.Thenextmorning,Iwasshockedtoseethatallbirdshad____25____overnight—exceptonelonefemale,whowasdiving____26____anddynamicallyinthecircleofopenwater.Hermovementandbodyheathadkeptthe____27____fromcomingcloseasI____28____herfrommywarmhouse.However,asthetemperaturedropped,theopenwatergotsmaller,andhermovementsslowed.Iwatchedwith____29____assheeventuallystoppedmoving,fearingthatsomethingmighthappen.Andthenithappened:Twomoreducksappeared,____30____nexttoherstillbody.Moreduckscameandthecircleofwatercamealivewiththeirsplashinganddiving.Slowly,thecircleofwater____31____insize.Withinminutes,thelonefemalewasrevivedbyherfriends’presence.Thislittleduckwouldn’thave____32____anothernightwithoutherfriends.She,inturn,hadkeptthatareaofwater____33____,soherfriendshadaplacetostopand____34____themselves.Sometimes,atinyaction—evenourmere____35____—mightbrightenone’sday,andevensaveone’slife.21.A.scare B.move C.surprise D.beat22.A.camp B.vacations C.courses D.habitat23.A.regardlessof B.insearchof C.inadditionto D.asfor24.A.dark B.starry C.peaceful D.freezing25.A.gathered B.disappeared C.panicked D.fainted26.A.energetically B.patiently C.calmly D.cautiously27.A.ice B.house C.snowstorm D.water28.A.tended B.followed C.watched D.recorded29.A.relief B.doubt C.anxiety D.pleasure30.A.rowing B.landing C.circling D.feeding31.A.increased B.decreased C.transformed D.formed32.A.spared B.wasted C.spent D.lasted33.A.still B.open C.clean D.steady34.A.motivate B.remind C.judge D.refresh35.A.presence B.appreciation C.attitude D.request【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章通过叙述母鸭陷入危险最终得救的故事告诉我们：一个小小的动作，甚至是我们的出现，都有可能给某个人的生活带来光明。〖答案〗21.C22.D23.B24.D25.B26.A27.A28.C29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.D35.A21．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：它会以意想不到的暴风雪让人和动物大吃一惊。A.scare使惊恐，吓唬；B.move（使）移动，使感动；C.surprise使吃惊，给……惊喜；D.beat打败。根据“withitsunexpectedsnowstorms”可知，早春时节会出现意想不到的暴风雪，让人和动物都大吃一惊。故选C。22．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年春天，迁徙的鸟在去夏季栖息地的路上，会在我家附近的一个大池塘里扎营。A.camp营地；B.vacations假期；C.courses课程；D.habitat栖息地。根据“migratory(迁徙的)birds”可知，此处指迁徙的鸟在去往栖息地的路上，故选D。23．〖解析〗考查固定短语辨析。句意：今年，除了鹅，一种潜水鸭也花了好几天的时间徘徊着来寻找食物。A.regardlessof不管；B.insearchof寻找；C.inadditionto除……之外；D.asfor至于。根据语境及“hangingout”可知，潜鸭徘徊是为了寻找吃的东西。故选B。24．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后一场暴风雪来了，接着是一个非常寒冷的夜晚。A.dark黑暗的；B.starry布满星星的；C.peaceful平静的；D.freezing极冷的，冰冻的。根据“Thenasnowstormhit”可知，暴风雪袭来，接着应是一个非常寒冷的夜晚，故选D。25．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我惊讶地发现所有的鸟都在一夜之间消失了——只剩下一只母鸭，它正在开阔的水域里积极而活跃地潜水。A.gathered聚集；B.disappeared消失；C.panicked使恐慌；D.fainted昏厥。根据“exceptonelonefemale,whowasdiving______anddynamicallyinthecircleofopenwater”可知，除了一只孤单的母鸭，其他的都消失了。故选B。26．〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.energetically精力充沛地；B.patiently耐心地；C.calmly冷静地；D.cautiously小心地。此处和“dynamically(充满活力地)”意义一致，energetically符合语境，故选A。27．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在温暖的屋子里看着她时，她的动作和身体的热量阻止了冰靠近。A.ice冰；B.house房子；C.snowstorm暴风雪；D.water水。根据上下文语境可知，母鸭用她的体温和身体运动的热量使开阔的水域不被冰封住。故选A。28．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.tended倾向于；B.followed跟随；C.watched观看，注视；D.recorded记录。根据此处对母鸭的描写及下文“Iwatchedwith_______assheeventuallystoppedmoving”可知，作者在温暖的屋子里注视着这一切，故选C。29．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：我担忧地看着她最终停止了移动，担心会发生什么事。A.relief宽慰；B.doubt怀疑；C.anxiety焦虑，忧虑；D.pleasure乐趣。根据“fearingthatsomethingmighthappen”可知，作者担心母鸭，故选C。30．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后事情发生了：又出现了两只鸭子，降落在她静止的身体旁边。A.rowing划船；B.landing降落，上岸；C.circling盘旋；D.feeding喂养。根据语境可知，两只鸭子应是降落在母鸭旁边，故选B。31．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，水圈变大了。A.increased增加；B.decreased减小。降低；C.transformed使变形，转化；D.formed形成。根据上文中“Moreduckscameandthecircleofwatercamealive”可知，更多的鸭子来了，池塘中没有结冰的小水圈因为它们的游动和潜水而复苏，所以水圈应是变大了。故选A。32．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果没有它的朋友们，这只小鸭子可能无法再坚持一晚上。A.spared抽出（时间）；B.wasted浪费；C.spent花费，度过；D.lasted坚持，支撑下去。根据上文“Withinminutes,thelonefemalewasrevivedbyherfriends’presence.(几分钟后，朋友们的出现让这只孤独的母鸭苏醒过来)”可知，其他鸭子到来使这只母鸭苏醒过来，所以如果没有那些鸭子，她可能熬不过另一个晚上。故选D。33．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：反过来，她把那片水域保持开放，这样她的朋友们就有地方停下来休息了。A.still静止的；B.open开放的；C.clean干净的；D.steady稳定的。根据上文内容及空后“soherfriendshadaplacetostop”可知，母鸭一直努力让那块水域保持开放。故选B。34．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.motivate成为……的动机，激励；B.remind提醒；C.judge评价；D.refresh使恢复精神，使消除疲劳。根据空前“soherfriendshadaplacetostop”可知，此处指有一个地方可以栖息，故选D。35．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，一个小小的动作——甚至是我们的出现——就可能照亮一个人的一天，甚至挽救一个人的生命。A.presence出现；B.appreciation欣赏，感激；C.attitude态度；D.request要求，请求。此处是词汇复现，呼应上一段末句“Withinminutes,thelonefemalewasrevivedbyherfriends’presence.(几分钟后，朋友们的出现让这只孤独的母鸭苏醒过来)”中的presence，故选A。第Ⅱ卷第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thefirst“WindowofChineseBooks”inEuropewaslaunchedonTuesday,withanonlinebookdonationceremonyfromChina’sJinlingLibrarytoMaltaLibraries.Theonlineevent____36____(hold)attheCentralPublicLibraryinFloriana,Malta.Morethan200booksweredonatedbyJinlingLibrary,____37____coverfieldssuchasancientChineseliteratureandart,history,culture,andfood.Booksarecrucialforthe____38____(culture)exchangebetweentwocountriesandwillfurtherenhancecooperation.____39____(hopeful),thedonatedbookswillopenanewwindowofunderstandingofChineseculture,historyandsocialdevelopmentfortheMaltesepeople.Thebooks____40____(donate)onTuesdaynotonlyprovideachanceof____41____(promote)Chinesecultureandtourism,butarealso____42____preciousgiftoffriendshipfromthepeopleofNanjingtotheMaltesepeople.JinlingLibraryhasalwaysfocusedonusingbooks____43____abridgetounderstandingofChinesecultureforglobal____44____(citizen).JinlingLibrary,foundedin1927,established____45____(it)first“WindowofChineseBooks”overseasinNigeriain2013.Therewillbemoreinthefuture.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述欧洲第一个“中国图书之窗”在马耳他诞生。〖答案〗36.washeld37.which38.cultural39.Hopefully40.donated41.promoting42.a43.as44.citizens45.its36．〖解析〗考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这次在线活动在马耳他Floriana的中央公共图书馆举行。主语event和动词hold之间是被动关系，且活动已经举