高考英语语法总复习之句子结构课件

简单句VS复合句

只与主谓（组）个数有关ThepopulationofChinahasnowreached1.4billionin2023.TomandJerryusedtobegreatfriends.HewenttoTsingHuaUniversityandIgotintoLanXiangTechnicianCollege,bothhavingabrightfuture.Shereachedoutherhandsandwantedtoshakethemwiththepresident.Idon’treallycarehowyoucometotheparty,aslongasyoucanmakeit.练习1判断以下例句为简单句还是复合句简单句基本结构类型主谓主语+谓语(vi.)(+adv./prep./todo/doing/done/n.等作状语)

Theaccidenthappened(ofyourcarelessness).主谓宾主语+谓语+宾语(n./pron./doing/todo/同源宾语/从句)

Lilyhatesherschool.主系表主语+系动词+表语(n./pron./adj./adv./doing/todo/done/prep.短语/从句)

LangLangisoneofthemostfamousmusiciansofthemoderntime.主谓双宾主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

Heshowsmeabook.主语+谓语+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语

Igavesomeadvicetomyfriend.主谓宾宾补主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(n./adj./adv./doing/done/(to)do/prep.短语)

Youjustmadehimcry.解题tip句子主干名词前的形容词不在系动词之后的介词短语所有的副词分析句子主干时，修饰成分一般可直接删除Afamousdancerinwhitestripisdancingwithabasketballhappily.练习2判断以下简单句的类型Themedicalteamaretreatingtheinjuredatpresentinthathospital.Thefamousrunnerranoffthetrackwithoutnoticingit.Compassesarestillveryuseful.Thepoliceforcesthenoisycrowdtoleave.Ourmathsteacheroftengivesuslecturesaboutpolitics.简单句陈述句疑问句感叹句祈使句陈述句肯定句(Affirmatives)Thesunisrisingfromtheeast.否定句(Negatives)句中有no/hardly/rarely/barely/never/little/few/too…to…/neither/nor/seldom等时,也视为否定句

Fewpeoplelivetherebecauselifethereistoohard.完全否定两者用neither/nor，部分否定两者用both+not对比：Notbothofthemarestudents. Bothofthemarenotstudents.完全否定三者用none/nothing/nobody/noone，部分否定三者及以上all/every/always+not对比：Noteveryonelikespeaches. Everyonedoesn’tlikepeaches.

练习3使用动词正确的形式填空Sometimesyou___(be)supposedtocometoschoolearly.Healways____(do)hishomeworkinthemorning.NeitherJoynorSam____(like)singingBeijingOpera.Noneofthestudents____(be)listeningcarefully.Theoldman____(nothurt)hisleglastWednesday.疑问句一般疑问句(Generalquestions)结构：系动词/助动词/情态动词+（not）+主语+（实义动词）+其余成分+？

Haveyougottoday’snewspaper?回答一般疑问句用yes/no（都是根据提问的含义回答而不是形式）

—Willyoujoinusinplayingbasketball?—Yes,wewill./—No,wewillnot.特殊疑问句(Specialquestions)结构：特殊疑问词+系动词/助动词/情态动词+（not）+主语+（实义动词）+其余成分+？

Whatisyourproblem?回答特殊疑问句，使用陈述句或简略陈述句回答

—Whosebookisinyourbag?—John’s(bookisinmybag).选择疑问句(Alternativequestions)提出两种或两种以上情况，需要对方作出选择回答的疑问句结构：一般疑问句+or+第二选项+？或Which引起的特殊疑问句

—Isyourfriendaboyoragirl?—Agirl.—Whichdoyoulikebest,apples,orangesorbananas?—Ofcourse,oranges!反义疑问句(Disjunctivequestions)结构：陈述句+相反意义简短疑问句（系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语）

Heisold,isn’the?疑问句与陈述句保持“肯否相反”；意疑问句的两部分，必须保持人称和时态的一致无论哪种形式的反意问句，回答时要遵循：“Yes,+肯定式”或者“No,+否定式”

—Themanneverwentthere,didhe?—Yes,hedid.（不是，他去的。）/No,hedidn’t.（是，他不去。）练习41.—Doyouhaveanythinggoodtosuggest?—_________.IfIhave,IwillputitontheQQmessage.2.LucywillleaveforLondononbusinessinthreehours.(对画线部分提问)_________willLucyleaveforLondononbusiness?3.—Whichwouldyoulike,Cokeortea?—__________.Iprefercoffee. A.Neither B.Both C.Either D.None4.—DoyoulikeTomorJerry?

—___________________.(翻译句子：我更喜欢Jerry)5.Don’tmakesomuchnoise,Lily,_______?感叹句What/Such+(a/an)+(形容词)+名词+陈述句结构(主+谓)What/Suchabadday(itis)!How/So+形容词/副词+(a/an)+陈述句结构(主+谓)How/Sodeliciousthefoodis!练习51.—ChinalaunchedthemannedspacecraftShenzhou-14successfullyonJune5,2022.—________excitingnews!Weareproudofit.A.What B.Whatan C.How D.Howan2.________valuablegiftitis!Itremindsmeofmychildhood.A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How3.BingDwenDwenisoneofthe2022WinterOlympicmascots.________lovelyitis!A.Whata B.How C.Whatan D.What4.Listen!________newsreportBettyisgiving!Everyonelikesitverymuch.A.Howboring B.Howwonderful C.Whatawonderful D.Whataboring5.—GuAiling________herdreamandwontwogoldmedalsinBeijing2022WinterOlympics.—___________excellentgirl!A.achieved;How B.cametrue;How C.achieved;Whatan D.cametrue;Whatan祈使句肯定(Do+)动词(原形)+其他Letus/Let’s+动词原形否定Don’t+动词原形+其他

Pleasedon’ttalkinlowvoices.Never+动词原形

Neverfallinlove,boy.Letus/Let’s+not+动词原形

Let’snotbetstupid.Don’tyou+动词原形

Don’tyoueventryit.练习61.—Mark,pleasedon’tplaybasketballontheroad.It’sverydangerous.—____________.Iamgoinghomeatonce. A.Haveagreattime B.Sorry,Iwon’tdothat C.I’dliketo D.OK,withpleasure2.—Lookatthesign;whatdoesitmean?—Itmeans“____________”. A.

Don’ttalking B.Notalking C.Nottalk3.___________adairyeverydayandyou’llimproveyourwriting. A.Keeping B.Tokeep C.Keep D.Ifyoukeep4.____(leave)today’sworkfortomorrow!不要把今天的工作留到明天！5.____(let)theboyplayfootballinthestreet.不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球！复合句并列复合句表示并列关系and连词and,both…and…,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,aswellas表示转折关系but连词but,however,yet,still,not.