参考语法课件3定语从句

abeautifulgirlagirlwithshorthairagirlwearingnothingagirlcalledLiYuchunagirlwhoisthechampion定语和定语从句的概念StraybirdsofsummercometomywindowtosingandflyawayAndyellowleavesofautumn,whichhavenosongs,flutterandfalltherewithsignTheidealswhichhavelightedmywayandtimeaftertimehavegivenmenewcouragetofacelifecheerfullyhavebeenkindness,beautyandtruth——AlbertEinstein定语从句LET’TEMBARK!!!

定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句

先行词名词

关系代词

关系副词引导

剩余部分从句n+

关系代词

关系副词whowhichwhomwhosethatwhenwherewhy

ForJune

wholovedthisgardenfromJosephwhoalwayssitsbesideher

Somepeopledospendtheirwholelifetogether

诺丁山Junewholovedthisgarden先行词名词who在从句中做主语定语从句:修饰Junegowho指人在从句中做主语Don’tscronthemWhodrunkfalldownthebattlefieldInancientdaysornowhowmanyreturn

whogotowar

——《凉州词》06北京Women_____drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_____don’t. A.who;不填B.不填;whoC.who;whoD.不填;不填★题中空格处指人用作从句的主语,第一个先行词是women，第二个先行词是those,引导词who不能省略,故选C02北京春季Thefamousbasketballstar,_____triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.Who★此处是非限定性定语从句，修饰人且在从句中做主语，可知用who,故选D04上海Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently

A.who

B.as

C.aboutwhich

D.withwhom★此处定语从句修饰人，排除BC,同时空格处在从句中做宾语，动词talk决定介词with，选Dwhom指人,在定语从句中做宾语JesusistheGod

whomwebelievein

先行词名词

宾语go92全国Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.towhomB.whoC.fromwhomD.that★此处是限定性定语从句，修饰人且在从句中做宾语，可知用whom,同时turntosbforhelp决定选A06湖南Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,______wegavesomebellsandglasses.A.towhichB.towhom.C.withwhomD.withwhich★此处是非限定性定语从句，修饰人且在从句中做宾语，可知用whom,同时give动词定介词to，故选BHeisreadingabookWhichisaboutwarWhichheboughttoday主语宾语(此处可省略)先行词which在定语从句做主语和宾语gowhich指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语NowIfindmyselfinaworld

which

formeisworsethandeath.Aworld

inwhichthereisnoplaceforme.

——《GonewithTheWind》07浙江Chan’srestaurantonBakerStreet,______usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusinesA.thatB.whichC.whoD.where★此处定语从句修饰物且在从句中做主语，可知用which,同时that不能引导非限定定语从句，选B特殊用法：which引导非限定性定语从句可指前面整个主句对主句补充说明，译成这件事Herhusbandcameback,whichmadeherveryhappy08浙江Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtamonthago.A.whomB.whereC.thatD.which★此处是非限定性定语从句，排除that,修饰物且在从句中做宾语，可知用which,选D07湖南Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,________canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that★此处是非限定性定语从句,用从句补充前面的整个行为很有意义，所以用which代替前面整个句子，选Bas引导非限定性定语从句表示正如/正像Heisateacher,asisclearfromhismanner经常与see/know/hearsay/report/expect连用句前句中句后aswhichAsisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Chinaisadevelopingcountry,

asisknowntoallChina,asisknowntoall,

isadevelopingcountryChinaisadevelopingcountry,

whichisknowntoall04天津Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_____,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.

A.who

B.that

C.what

D.which ★此处是非限定性定语从句，排除that,代表前面的整个“友好门”事件，所以用which,选D(疑问:放句中)06天津TheBeatles,___manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool. A.whatB.thatC.howD.as★题意表示正如你们所记得地一样，用as，同时先行词为物排除AC,that不能引导非限定性从句，选D05浙江_______Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting. A．WhenB．AfterC．AsD．Since★题意表示正如我在电话里解释地一样，同时as经常跟explain一起用，选C04北京______isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.

A.It

B.As

C.That

D.What★题意表示正如新闻报道地一样，同时as经常跟report一起用，选B03上海春____hasbeenanounced,weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextmonthA.ThatB.AsC.ItD.What★题意为正如宣布地一样…故选B

Hehasafriend

whosejobisakiller.

whose指人也可指物

在定语从句中做定语先行词表示“他的”作定语表示所属关系04 北京GeorgeOrwell,______wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.

A.therealnameB.whathisrealnameC.hisrealnameD.whoserealname★此处是非限定性定语从句,表达他的真名是…的意思，可知选D01上海春Haveyouseenthefilm“Titanic”,______leadingacotorisworld-famous.A.itsB.it’sC.whoseD.which★此处是非限定性定语从句,表达它的主演是…的意思，可知选C09天津Aperson____e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mailsA.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever★根据题意可知邮箱满了的人接收不到邮件，因此空格处应填“谁的”选Cthat=who/whom/which可做主语/宾语(可省略)但在非限定性定语从句中不能用that有逗号没thatwhowhomwhich

I'mgonnamakehiman

offer

that(which)hecan'trefuse教父先行词引导词只能用that引导的情况anything,everythingnothing,something代词few,all,none,little,someevery,any,all,some,no,little,few,much,each先行词Thereissomethinginside,thattheycan'tgetto,thattheycan'ttouch.That'syours.

《ShawshankRedemption》LongagotheancientonedepartedontheYellowCraneHistowerisallthatisleft

——《黄鹤楼》崔颢当先行词被序数词修饰

MymemoryisstillsweetwiththefirstwhitejasminethatheldinmyhandwhenIwasachild

——Taigore《新月集》

先行词被形容词最高级修饰Tome,it’sthemostbeautifulthingthatIhaveeverseen——《sevenpounds》当形容词被thevery,theonly，thesame,thelast等修饰Landistheonlythingintheworldworthworkingfor,worthfightingfor,worthdyingfor.Becauseit'stheonlythingthatlasts.——《乱世佳人》先行词既有人也有动物或者物体时Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned

人物where指地点，做地点状语when指时间，做时间状语why指原因，做原因状语Istillremembertheday

when

Ifirstmether

That’sthereason

whyIfellinlovewithher.It’saplace

whereflowersflourish

引导词连接副词:when/where/why要用where做引导词的抽象名词表情况表活动case/condition/situationposition/pointjob/businesscareer/activity当这些词作先行词时，定语从句用whereI‘musedtobeinginapositionwhere

Ihavetomakedecisions

当幸福来敲门先行词要用where做引导词的抽象名词2001Thefilmbrought

thehoursbacktome____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where★题中从句结构完整，而先行词为hours，表示时间，所以可以选C08山东Occasionsarequiterare____Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids A.who

B.which

C.why

D.when★occasion表示机会，根据后文中的Ihavetimeto…可知空格处缺少时间状语(从句成分完整)故选D05辽宁Iwalkedinourgarden,_______TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees. A．whichB．whenC．whereD．that★从句中句子成分完整，排除关系代词AD,同时先行词为表示地点的garden,选C08安徽Alltheneighboradmirethisfamily_____theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriendA.whyB.whereC.whichD.that★虽然先行词为表示事物的family,但是从句不缺少成分，同时题意为在他们家庭里….，故选B09浙江Ihavereachedapointinmylife____IamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyownAwhichBwhereChowDwhy★题中从句结构完整，而先行词为point，表示一个阶段，所以可以选B07江西Aftergradutationshereachedapointinhercareer_____sheheededtodecionwhattodoA.thatB.whatC.whichD.where★从句中句子成分完整，同时point先行词表示到达了一个什么阶段，选D07天津Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkdancingisanactivity____sightmattersmorethanhearingA.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where★从句中句子成分完整，排除BC，同时根据意思可知是表示在这个活动里，选D当先行词是表示时间/地点/原因的词要注意选择正确的连接词Thisistheplace

whereIfirstmetherwhichIvisitedlastyearIstillrememberthedayswhichIspentinthetownwhenIfirstmether04浙江Anyway,thatevening,____I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachel’splaceA.when

B.where

C.what

D.which★虽然先行词为表示时间的evening,但是从句缺少宾语成分，因此选一个代表事物的关系代词，故选D06上海春Youcanfindwhateveryouneedattheshoppingcentre,___isalwaysbusyattheweekendA.thatB.whereC.whatD.which★此处是非限定性定语从句，排除that,修饰物且在从句中做主语，可知用which,选D06上海Inanhour,wecantraveltoplaces_____wouldhavetakenourancestorsdaystoreach.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.what★虽然先行词为表示地点的place,但是从句缺少主语成分，因此选一个代表事物的关系代词，故选C05北京春季

Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm_____wevisitedthreemonthsago? A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what★此处是限定性定语从句,空格处做宾语表示物，可用that和which或者不填，可知选C先成分再意思

whose

whowhichthatwhom主语宾语定语whowhichthatwhen

why

where状语

关系代词

关系副词

代替成分介词+关系代词:替代型YesterdayIsawabookisChinaisnothappy?whosetitlethetitleofwhichofwhichthetitlewhose+nthen.ofwhichofwhichthen.

句子

从句Iboughtabook,isChinaisnothappy?andthetitleofit句子;thetitleofit句子thetitleofwhich从句08陕西Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,____weremadeofsmalldiamondsA.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich★题中无连词，同时先行词是goldwatch,排除表人的AB,同时which放在介词后，选D09宁夏Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof_______IhadevermetbeforeA.themB.whoC.whomD