2021届高考英语二轮复习阅读能力步步高 （三）

2021届高考英语二轮复习

3篇阅读+2篇完形填空（三）

1.Wouldyoubuyacarthatcanreleasecalmingsmellsintotheair

whenyouarestuckinheavytraffic?Wouldyoubuyarobotthatsmells

likeahumanbeing?

Manypeoplehaveseenthe3-Dcomputer-madeenvironmentsof

virtualreality（虚拟现实）.Nowthesevirtualworldswillnotjustlookand

soundreal.ResearchershavecreatedVRenvironmentsthatevensmell

liketherealones.Withthenewtechnology,usersopenavirtualdoor

andstepintoanewenvironment,likearainforest.Aftertheyenterthis

virtualworld,specialequipmentreleasesforest-likesmellsintotheairto

maketheexperiencefeelmorereal.

SuzanneFisher-Murraysaid,"Itisareallywonderfulexperiencethat

youhavebecauseyou'reexploringthisenvironmentandyouhavesmells

withit."

IntheUnitedStates,Smell-O-Visionwasdesignedtoprovidesmells

duringtheshowingofamovie.TheSmell-O-Visionsystemwasonce

popularinthe1960s.Now,EmanuelaMaggionisaysitiscloseto

becomingpopularagain."Itconnectsemotionsandmemorieswiththe

senseofsmell,"Maggionisaid."Itisunbelievablewhatwecandowith

thetechnology."

Theusesofsmelltechnologyarenotjustlimitedtofilmsandthe

performingarts.Researchersshowedacomputerprogramwhereusers

couldimaginethemselvesdrivingacar.Thesystemincludedaspecial

smell-sprayingmachine.DmitrijsDmitrenkosaid,"Wewanttorelease

thesmelloflavender（薰衣草）everytimethepersondrivesoverthe

speedlimit.Wechooselavenderbecauseit'saverycalmingsmell."

Scientistsareexperimentingwithsmellsinsteadofsoundsor

image-basedalertsontelecommunicationsequipment.And

businessmenhavealreadyusedsmellstoinfluencepeople'sbehavior.

"Notonlyinstores,butalsoinotherplacesyoucancreateandstimulate

（刺激）immediatepurchase/'Maggionisaid."Soyou'reinalibraryand

whenyousmellcoffeeyouwillunconsciouslyhavetheneedtodrinka

coffee."

1.Usingsmelltechnology,researchersmakeVRenvironments.

A.haveasmellofarainforest

B.evensmellliketherealones

C.looklikea4-Denvironment

D.frightenpeoplewithavirtualworld

2.WhatdoestheexampleofSmell-O-Visionprove?

A.Americaisthefirstcountrytousesmelltechnology.

B.Cinemasarethemostsuitableplacesforthesenseofsmell.

C.Smelltechnologyhasbeenusedbefore.

D.Itisoutofdatetousesmell-sprayingdevices.

3.Howissmelltechnologyusedbybusinessmen?

A.Bymakingbuyersunderstandsalesmenbetter.

B.Byremindingpeopleoftheirunrealisticpurchase.

C.Byhelpingcustomerschoosetheirfavoritegoods.

D.Bystimulatingpeopletobuythings.

4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Thenewdevelopmentsofsmelltechnology.

B.AmajorbreakthroughofVRtechnology.

C.Thesenseofsmellinhumancommunication.

D.Theadvancedsmell-sprayingmachines.

2.Yourpeersarepeopleofyourageorclosetoitwhohave

experiencesandinterestssimilartoyours.Youandyourfriendsmake

dozensofdecisionseveryday,andyouinfluenceeachother'schoices

andbehavior.Thisisoftenpositive-----it'shumannaturetolistento

andlearnfromotherpeopleinyouragegroup.

Sometimes,though,thestressesinyourlifecanactuallycomefrom

yourpeers.Theymaypressureyouintodoingsomethingyou're

uncomfortablewith,suchasdrinkingortakingdangerousriskswhen

drivingacar.

Thepressuretoconform（随潮流）canbepowerfulandhardtoresist.

Apersonmightfeelpressuretodosomethingjustbecauseothersare

doingit.Peerpressurecaninfluenceapersontodosomethingthatis

relativelyharmless—orsomethingthathasmoreseriousconsequences.

Peoplemayfeelpressuretoconform,sotheyfitinorareaccepted,and

theydon'tfeelawkwardoruncomfortable.Whenpeopleareunsureof

whattodoinasocialsituation,theynaturallylooktoothersforcues

aboutwhatisandisn'tacceptable.

Thepeoplewhoaremosteasilyinfluencedwillfollowsomeoneelse's

leadfirst.Thenothersmaygoalong,too—soitcanbeeasytothink,"It

mustbeOK.Everyoneelseisdoingit.Theymustknowwhatthey're

doing."Beforeyouknowit,manypeoplearegoingalongwiththecrowd

—perhapsonsomethingtheymightnototherwisedo.

Respondingtopeerpressureispartofhumannature—butsome

peoplearemorelikelytogivein,andothersarebetterabletoresistand

standtheirground.

It'snotalwayseasytoresistnegativepeerpressure.Butwhenyoudo,

itiseasytofeelgoodaboutitafterwards.Andyoumayevenbea

positiveinfluenceonyourpeerswhofeelthesameway—oftenitjust

takesonepersontospeakoutortakeadifferentactiontochangea

situation.

l.Whichofthefollowingisakindofpeerpressure?

A.Yourteachersgiveyoualotofhomework.B.Yourclassmates

persuadeyoutocutclass.

C.Yourparentsexpecthighscoresfromyou.D.Yourrelatives

inviteyoutoattendaparty.

2.Whydomostpeopletendtodowhatothersaredoing?

A.Tostandoutinacrowd.B.Tofeelasenseofachievement.

C.Tosetagoodexampleforothers.D.Togetafeelingofbeingaccepted.

3.Whatcanweknowaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Givingintopeerpressureisunavoidable.

B.Peerpressureusuallyleadstoseriousresults.

C.Goingalongwiththecrowdusuallymeansmakingarightchoice.

D.Everyonecanmakeadifferencebyresistingnegativepeerpressure.

4.What'sthispassagemainlyabout?

A.Thoughtsonpeerpressure.B.Differenttypesofpeerpressure.

C.Waystodealwithpeerpressure.D.Theinfluenceofpeerpressureon

people.

3.ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveral

mountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptemberto

mid-March—1sixmonthsoutoftheyear.

"Ofcourse,we2itwhenthesunisshining/'saysKarinRo,who

worksforthetown'stourismoffice."Weseetheskyis3,butdown

inthevalleyit'sdarker—it'slikeona4day."

Butthat5whenasystemofhigh-tech6wasintroducedto

reflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks（山峰）intothevalleybelow.

Wednesday,residents（居民）ofRjukan7theirveryfirstrayof

wintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainside

wereputto8Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputer

that9themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughout

the10andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflecta

concentratedbeam（束）oflightontothetown'scentral11,

creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthe

light12,Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.

"Peoplehavebeen13thereandstandingthereand

taking15ofeachother,"Rosays."Thetownsquarewastotally15.

Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere."The3,500

residentscannotall16thesunshineatthesametime.17,

thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthe

town's18residents.

"It'snotvery19shesays,"butitisenoughwhenwe

are20

l.A.onlyB.obviouslyC.nearly0.precisely

2.A.fearB.believeC.hear0.notice

3.A.emptyB.blueC.highD.wide

4.A.cloudyB.normalC.differentD.warm

5.A.helpedB.changedC.happened0.mattered

6.A.computersB.telescopesC.mirrors0.cameras

7.A.rememberedB.forecastedC.received

0.imagined

8.A.repairB.riskC.restD.use

9.A.forbidsB.directsC.predicts0.follows

10.A.dayB.nightC.monthD.year

ll.A.IibraryB.hallC.squareD.street

12.A.appearedB.returnedC.faded0.stopped

13.A.drivingB.hidingC.camping0.sitting

14.A.picturesB.notesC.careD.hold

15.A.newB.fullC.flatD.silent

16.A.blockB.avoidC.enjoyD.store

17.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.Gradually0.Similarly

18.A.nature-lovingB.energy-saving

C.weather-beatenD.sun-starved

19.A.bigB.clearC.coldD.easy

2O.A.tryingB.waitingC.watching0.sharing

4.TheLEGOstorystartedinaDanishwoodworkingshop.Atthetime,

OleKirkChristiansenwasjusta(n)1carpenterinthevillageBillund

butwithambition.Asayoungman,Christiansenturnedhisloveof

playingwithwoodinto2and,in1916,heopenedhisownshop.

Atfirst,hisshopproducedfurniturelikeladders,stoolsandironing

boards.Butin1924,justashewaslookingtoexpandhisbusiness,his

sons3setapileofwoodchipsintheshoponfire,4theentire

buildingandthefamily'shome.

Despiteatotal5,Christiansensawthefireasanexcuseto

simply6alargerworkshop.7,tragedycontinuedtostrike.In

1929,theGreatDepressionhittheworld,andhiswifediedin1932.

Affectedbyfinancialand8disaster,Christiansenlaidoffmanyofhis

workersand9tomakeendsmeet.Littledidheknowthatthose

tragedieswouldbeofimportancetohisbusinessto10.

Sincetimesweresohard,Christiansenmadethedifficultdecisionto

usehiswoodtocreate11goodsthatmightactuallysell.The

decisiondidn't12atfirst.Buthisloveoftoyspushedthecompany

ahead,evenwhenitwas13thetoughesttimes.

It14hewasabrillianttoymaker.Soon,hiswonderfulmodelsof

carsandanimalsandhisadorablepulltoysgainednationalpopularity.

Hisbestseller,awoodenduckwhosemouthopensandcloseswhen

pulled,isnowstillahot15.In1949,hiscompanycreateditsplastic

brickscalledtheAutomaticBindingBricks.Andthetoybecamemoreand

morepopularastheyearspassed.

l.A.ordinaryB.differentC.eagerD.skillful

2.A.preferenceB.gratitudeC.fortune0.business

3.A.anxiouslyB.nervouslyC.blindly0.accidentally

4.A.protectingB.abandoningC.destroying0.repeating

5.A.successB.lossC.painD.failure

6.A.designB.drawC.removeD.build

7.A.HoweverB.ThusC.BesidesD.Anyway

8.A.naturalB.historicalC.personal0.artificial

9.A.plannedB.struggledC.happened0.promised

10.A.quitB.recoverC.fail0.advertise

11.A.inconvenientB.unpopularC.priceless

0.inexpensive

12.A.showoffB.giveoffC.payoffD.takeoff

13.A.goingthroughB.goingintoC.getting

through0.gettingover

14.A.brokeoutB.carriedoutC.turnedout0.figuredout

15.A.choiceB.findingC.hit0.property

答案以及解析

L答案：1-4BCDA

解析：1.由第二段中的"ResearchershavecreatedVRenvironmentsthat

evensmellliketherealones"可知，研究人员使用嗅觉技术使虚拟现实

环境闻起来像真的一样，故选B。

2.由第四段中的"TheSmell-O-Visionsystemwasoncepopularinthe

1960s"可推断出SmellOVision的例子证明了嗅觉技术之前就被使用

过，故选C。

3.由第六段中的"Andbusinessmenhavealreadyusedsmellstoinfluence

people'sbehavior.'Notonlyinstores,butalsoinotherplacesyoucan

createandstimulate（刺激）immediatepurchase/Maggionisaid”可矢口，

商人使用气味影响人们的行为，刺激人们买东西，故选D。

4.这篇文章主要讲了嗅觉技术的新发展对人们生活的影响，所以选A。

2.答案：1-4.BDDA

解析：1.考查细节理解。由第一段中的"Yourpeersarepeopleofyour

ageorclosetoitwhohaveexperiencesandinterestssimilartoyours"以

及第二段中的"somethingyou'reuncomfortablewith"可知，四个选项中

只有B项符合题意。

2.考查细节理解。由第三段中的"Peoplemayfeelpressuretoconform,

sotheyfitinorareaccepted,andtheydon'tfeelawkwardor

uncomfortable"可知答案为D。

3.考查推理判断。由最后一段中的"It'snotalwayseasytoresistnegative

peerpressure.Butwhenyoudo,itiseasytofeelgoodaboutit

afterwards.Andyoumayevenbeapositiveinfluenceonyourpeers”可

知,抵制同龄人压力会有作用。

4.考查主旨大意。结合全文内容可知,本文是对同龄人压力的思考，包

括它的概念、影响、形成原因以及抵制这种压力产生的作用与影响,

故选Ao

3.答案：1-5.CDBAB;6-10.CCDBA;11-15.CADAB;16-20.CBDAD

解析:1.根据上文中的"fromlateSeptembertomid-March"可知,这段时

间将近半年。故选C。only"仅仅";obviously"显而易见地";precisely"准

确地"。

2.当阳光照耀时，我们就可以注意到它。句中的"it"指代第一段中的

"sunlight"o

3.天空是蔚蓝色的，但山谷却是比较阴暗的，犹如阴天一般。根据句中

的"but"可知，本空填入的词语与"darker"相对应，故blue"蓝色的，蔚蓝色

的"符合语境。

4.参见上题解析。

5.根据下文内容可知，采用反射板后，小镇的面貌发生了改变。

6.根据下文中的"Themirrors"可知答案。

7.星期三,Rjukan的居民接收到了他们的第一束冬日阳光。remember"

记得";forecast"预报";imagine"想象"。

8.根据语境可知，镇上的居民们能享受到冬日的阳光是因为小镇将引

进的高科技反射板投入了使用。故选Dorepair"维修";risk"风险，;rest"

休息"。

9.本空填入的词应与空前的"controlled"在语义上保持一致，故direct"

指示，命令，管理"符合语境。forbid"禁止，阻碍";predict"预言，预告

";follow"跟随"。

10.白天，电脑控制的镜子随着太阳的转动而转向。throughouttheday"

整个白天"。

11.根据下一段中的"Thetownsquare"可知答案为square。

12.阳光出现时,Rjukan的居民便聚集在广场上。

13.根据语境可知，人们坐的坐，站的站，彼此拍着照片。

14.参见上题解析。takenotesof"记录";takecareof"照顾";takeholdof"

握住"。

15.根据语境可知，广场上挤满了人。

16.3500名居民不能同时享受阳光。block"阻塞";avoid"避免";store"贮

藏"。

17.根据语境可知,此处表示转折，应用Howevero

18.根据上文提到的Rjukan的居民将近半年都享受不到阳光可知，此处

指镇上急需阳光的居民，故选Do

19.广场不是很大,但居民们彼此分享时，它足够了。

20.参见上题