定语从句完整实用

定语从句

theAttributiveClause高一英语语法第一课时:认识什么是定语从句（幻灯片３－１０）第二课时:引导词的确定（幻灯片１１－２３）第三课时:巩固和提高

（幻灯片２４－３０）第四课时:when/where/why引导的定语从句（幻灯片30-43）第五课时:介词前置的定语从句（幻灯片４４-4９）

定语从句补充内容（幻灯片５０－５４）

综合练习（幻灯片５５－６０）定语

mybook

aholidayofsevendays

aseven-day

holiday

somethingimportant

agoodholiday

acountrydevelopingfast

atoyfactory

abookwrittenbyJ.k.Rowling

adevelopingcountry

abooktobepublished

adevelopedcountryabookwhichwaswrittenbyJ.K.Rowling1.放在名词前2.由单个的代词/数词/形容词/名词/-ing/-ed

来充当1.放在名词或代词后2.由介词结构／形容词／-ing结构／-ed结构／todo结构／句子来充当前置定语后置定语定语1.用来修饰某个名词或代词的成分2.可以放在名词之前；也可以放在名词或代词之后3.在翻译时通常带有一个“的”定语从句定语从句1.当定语成分由一个句子来充当时，这个句子就叫定语从句，即用一个句子去修饰另一个句子中的某个名词或代词2.通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词后ThisisabookwhichwaswrittenbyJ.K.Rowling3.定语从句的必备两要素ThisisabookwhichwaswrittenbyJ.K.Rowling①先行词（名词或代词）②引导词（that/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why…）Youaretherightperson

whomwearelookingfor.I’vespentallthemoney

thatwasgivenbymyparents.Iwillneverforgettheday

whenIjoinedtheLeague.Thisisthefactory

wherethemachinesaremade.找出定语从句；找出定语从句两要素现在你认识定语从句了吗？从书本2~3页课文中找出所有的定语从句定语从句考点(一)引导词的确定方法一：根据先行词

先行词引导词人物人的／物的时间地点

who/whom/that

which/that

whose

when

where原因

whywho—主／宾／表whom--宾that—主／宾／表which--主／宾whose—定(后通常加名词或代词)when—时间状语

where—地点状语

why–原因状语

方法一：根据先行词结论：根据先行词只能确定引导词的大致范围,但不能最终确定是哪一个，因此，光用方法一行不通．方法二：还原法把先行词还原到定语从句中去,看看是放在主语，宾语，表语还是状语的位置上，最终来确定引导词．例一：

Thestudents________don’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.____________don’tstudyhard.Thestudents主语，而且指人who/that例二：

Thewoman_____________yousawintheparkisourChineseteacher.yousaw____________

inthepark.thewoman宾语，而且指人(whom/who/that)注意：如果先行词还原到定语从句中，充当的是宾语,那么可以把引导词省略．方法二：还原法结论：行得通，而且能保证正确率，但必须建立在方法一的基础上．Practice3.Doyouknowtheboy__________legwasbrokenwhenhefelloutofatree?4.Thisistheboy__________sisterisafamoussinger.5.Theletter___________Ireceivedyesterdayisfrommybrother.6.Thefilm____________wesawlastnightwaswonderful.7.Theman_____________washereaminuteagoismyuncle.whosewhose(which/that)(which/that)who/that8.Thetrain____________wasgoingtoGuangzhouwaslate.9.Thebook_____________heisreadingisveryinteresting.10.They’llneverforgetthedays____________theyspentinthecountryside.11.They’llneverforgetthedays_____________theygotmarried.which/that(which/that)(which/that)when定语从句的巩固和提高Name：LiuXiangmajor：110-meterhurdleGraduatedfrom：EastChinaTeachers’CollegeBirthday：July13,1983birthplace：ShanghaiFavoritesport：ping-pongFavoritesportsman：MichaelJordan

Shortcoming：hatedtogotoschoolHobby：singing

Favoritesinger：

DavidTaoLiuXiang_____________________broketheworldrecordin2004.Practice讲义－练习I,练习III引导词的特殊情况Iamsureshehassomething(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much

等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much

等修饰时(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被the

only,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。只能用that不能用which的情况(5)先行词指人又指事物Theytalkedaboutthepeopleandthings(that)theymetatcollege.when,where,why引导的定语从句只能用which不能用that的情况(1)非限定性定语从句，即有逗号隔开的定语从句ItwasfeltinBeijing,

whichwas200kmaway.(2)以介词开头的定语从句,即介词前置的定语从句Thisistheroom__________ChairmanMaooncelivedin.Thisistheroomin________ChairmanMaooncelived.

(which/that)

which(3)定语从句修饰的是前面整句话Hepassedtheexam,whichsurprisedeveryoneinourclass.

引导词指代内容充当成分

who

whom

that

which

whose

when

where

why人主／宾／表人宾人／事物主／宾／表事物主／宾人的／事物的时间状语地点状语原因状语时间地点原因定(后通常加名词或代词)初步感知－P37Exercise21.ThemineswhereIworkedwere9kmfrommyhome.2.ThereasonwhyIgotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.3.ThetimewhenIjoinedthePartywasthe5thofAugust.4.Thegovernmentbuildingwherewevotedwasverytall.5.ThedatewhenIarrivedwaslateatnight.1.Themines_______Iworkedwere9kmfrommyhome.2.Thereason_______Igotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.3.Thetime_______IjoinedthePartywasthe5thofAugust.4.Thegovernmentbuilding_______wevotedwasverytall.5.Thedate______Iarrivedwaslateatnight如何来确定引导词?如何来确定引导词?方法一：根据先行词方法二：还原法(把先行词还原到定语从句中去)例一：

Themines______Iworkedwere9kmfrommyhome.Iworked_________________.

inthemines地点状语

where/inwhich例二：

Thereason________Igotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.Igotajob_______________.

forthereason原因状语

why/forwhich例三：

Thetime＿＿＿＿IjoinedthePartywasthe5thofAugust.IjoinedtheParty______________.

atthetime时间状语

when/atwhich例四：Thegovernmentbuilding＿＿＿＿wevotedwasverytall.Wevoted________________.

inthebuilding地点状语

where/inwhich例五：Thedate＿＿＿＿＿Iarrivedwaslateatnight.Iarrived________________.

onthedate时间状语

when/onwhichThetime______IfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.Theschool______Istudiedforonlytwoyearswas3kmaway.Theday_______NelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.Thepartsoftown________theyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.Theplaces_______theyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.Practice

when/atwhich

where/inwhich

when/onwhich

where/inwhich

where/inwhich1.AfterlivinginParisfor30yearshereturnedtothesmalltown______hegrewupasachild.

A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when2.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesepeoplethisyear,______forthefirsttimetheirteamwontheWorldCup.

A.thatB.whileC.whichD.when

D

BI’llneverforgettheday________weworkedtogether.when/onwhichI’llneverforgettheday_________wespenthappilytogether.which/that比较Weworkedtogetherontheday.Wespentthedayhappilytogether.Iwillalwaysrememberthehours_____________welivedtogether.Iwillalwaysrememberthehours____________wespenttogether.2.Canyoustillthinkofthevillage______________heonceworked?Canyoustillthinkofthevillage______________heoncevisited?when/inwhich(which/that)where/inwhich(which/that)总结1.

引导词的确定必须用还原法2.先行词还原后如果在它前面要加上一个介词，那么说明它在定语从句中充当状语，通常用“when/where/why”来引导3.“when/where/why”通常可以替换成“介词＋which”(仅限于定语从句中)4.

如果先行词是表示“时间/地点/原因”的词,引导词并不一定是“when/where/why”，也有可能是“which/that”，介词前置的定语从句

1.MandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.2.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.

3.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.4.Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.5.Heisamanofgreatexperience,fromwhommuchcanbelearned.6.Chapin,forwhommoneywasnownoproblem,startanewfilmcompanywithhisfriends.7.Antarctica,aboutwhichweknowverylittle,iscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.介词前置的定语从句1.考点一：引导词which,whom2.考点二：介词的确定方法：还原法－先行词还原到定语从句中去,看看它与定语从句之间需要哪个介词来连接．例一：

Mandelawastheblacklawyer______whomIwentforadvice.

______whomIwentforadvice.Iwent______Mandelaforadvice.toto例二：

Itwasaprison______whichnooneescaped.______whichnooneescaped.Nooneescaped______theprison.fromfromCanyouworkthemout????????1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,________whichwecan’tlive.2.Thestudent________whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.3.I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.4.Whocangivemethereason______whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?for

aboutonwithout定语从句补充内容Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.

whose可以转换为“of+which”,即whose+n.=the+n.+of+which=of+which+the+n.一.whose引导的定语从句Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedoor

openstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhich

opentothesouth.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse______roofisunderrepair.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.ofwhichthe二.先行词是way,引导词通常是inwhich/that/省略

____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearth._____isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearth.AsIt三.as引导定语从句，通常以下面句式出现Asisknowntoall,…

Asweallknow,…1.Ihaveborrowedmanybooks,manyof_______areaboutmusic.2.Ihaveborrowedmanybooks,andmanyof________areaboutmusic.1.Thereare50studentsintheirclass,mostof________arefromTonglu.2.Thereare50studentsintheirclass,andmostof_______arefromTonglu.whichthemwhomthem四.有and,but,so等连词连接的复合句不是定语从句，不需要用引导词去引导．综合练习1.I’