专题06阅读理解之议论文-备战2022-2023学年九年级英语上学期期末考试真题汇编（全国通用版）（解析版）

专题06阅读理解之议论文（2022·安徽合肥·九年级期末）Videocamerasareeverywhere—schools,theatresandstores.Butinrecentyears,theyhaveenteredourhomes.Manyparentssetupcamerasathometowatchtheirchildren’sonlineclassesandhomework.Arecamerasreallyhelpful?Whatdostudentsthinkofthem?LiDanEarlierlastyear,Ilikedtolieinbedandwatchvideosinsteadofstudying.Thisinfluencedmystudiesandmademygradesworse.Somyparentssetupacameratokeepaneyeonme.Itworked.Withthecamerawatching,Ihadtodomyhomeworkfirstandmakeplansforstudyingathome.WhenIwasaloneathome,thecameramademefeelsafebecauseIknewthatmyparentswerewatchingontheotherside.Mygradesimprovedafterayear.ZhangHuaWhenIwasinGrade8,myparentssetupacamerainmyroom.Ireallydidn’tlikeitbecauseIfeltliketherewerealwayseyeswatchingme.IfeltsounfortablethatIcouldn’tsleepwellatnight.Knowingtherewasacameraaroundwhenmyfriendscametomyhome,theywouldspeakquietlyandcarefully.Iwassad.SoIaskedmyparentstotakethecameraaway.TheyagreedaslongasIpromisedtobehave(表现)well.Ifeelhappyandfreenow.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph1referto?A．Videocameras. B．Children. C．Stores. D．Theatres.2．WhydidLiDan’sparentssetupacameraathome?A．Toworkathome. B．Tostudywithher.C．Tomakeherfeelsafe. D．Tokeepaneyeonher.3．WhydoesZhangHuafeelfreeandhappynow?A．Becausehehasmorefriends. B．Becausehisgradesbeebetter.C．Becausehehaslesshomework. D．Becausethecamerawastakenaway.【答案】1．A

2．D

3．D【分析】文章主要介绍了现在摄像头无处不在，现在很多家庭都装了摄像头，一些学生对自己家中安装摄像头的不同的看法做出了阐述。1．代词指代题。根据“Videocamerasareeverywhere—schools,theatresandstores.Butinrecentyears,theyhaveenteredourhomes.”可知此处指摄像头已经进入了我们家里，they指代摄像机。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据“Somyparentssetupacameratokeepaneyeonme.”可知李丹的父母设置了一个摄像头来监视她。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据“SoIaskedmyparentstotakethecameraaway.TheyagreedaslongasIpromisedtobehavewell.Ifeelhappyandfreenow.”可知父母把摄像头取走让张华觉得自由且快乐。故选D。（2022·重庆合川·九年级期末）DoyouknowwhichsocialappispopularwithChineseyoungpeoplenow?“Shortvideos”arecertainlythemostpopular.AlargenumberofyoungpeopleuseTikTokandKuaishou.Theythinkitisfuntosharetheirlivesbyshortvideos,whileothershaveotherpurposesaswellA12-year-oldusernamedElsahasabout2.7millionfansonTikTok.ThegirlhassharedherdancingstudiesonTikToksincelastJuly.Oneofthevideoswonheraboutonemillionfans.“1feelreallygladtosharehappinesswithpeoplebyshortvideos,”saidElsa.Tosomeotheryoungpeople,theyuseshortvideostohaveaquicklookatthehotprograms.“BecauseIdon’tliketospendmanyhourswatchingawholeprogram,Ihatewaitingforaprogramtoend,andIprefertowatchshortvideosofwonderfulpartsofhot.programs,saidWangZhihao.However,someyoungpeoplefeelboredwithshortvideos.“Killingtimeisthemainreasonformetowatchshortvideos,andmanyshortvideosarealmostthesame,soIthinktheyarenotsousefulorinteresting.What’smore,Ireallydon’tlikethevideosaboutstrangeanddangerousthings,”saidWenNan,anothercollegestudent.Recently,somethingelsehasappeared.Somevideosaretellingpeoplewhatmoditiesarewortbuying.Someshortvideosevensellbadmodities,andit’shardforcustomerstogettheirmoneyback.Soweshouldthinktwicebeforewewanttobuythemoditiesbyshortvideos.4．WhydoesElsasharehershortvideos?A．Tosharehappinesswithpeople.B．TomakefriendswithpeoplearoundC．Todependonthemtogetinformation.D．Towatchwonderfulpartsinprograms.5．HowdoesWenNanlikeshortvideos?A．Usefulandinteresting.B．Notexcitingormoving.C．Notusefulorinteresting.D．Excitingandmoving.6．Theunderlinedword“modities”inthelastparagraphmeansA．products B．projects C．planets D．programs7．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Theadvantagesofshortvideos.B．Differenttypesofshortvideos.C．Thedisadvantagesofshortvideos.D．Differentopinionsonshortvideos.【答案】4．A

5．C

6．A

7．D【分析】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了人们现在对流行的短视频软件的不同观点。4．细节理解题。根据“Ifeelreallygladtosharehappinesswithpeoplebyshortvideos”可知，Elsa分享短视频的原因是能通过短视频与人们分享快乐。故选A。5．细节理解题。根据“Ithinktheyarenotsousefulorinteresting.What’smore,Ireallydon’tlikethevideosaboutstrangeanddangerousthings.”可知，WenNan认为它们没有那么有用或有趣，也不喜欢奇怪和危险的事情的视频。故选C。6．词句猜测题。根据“weshouldthinktwicebeforewewanttobuythe...”可知，在我们在决定买之前应该三思而行，可推测这里指的是“商品”。故选A。7．主旨大意题。全文探讨了大家对短视频软件的不同观点。故选D。（2021·北京顺义·九年级期末）Passengerships,tradeships,andfishingboatsareanormalpartoflifeontheopensea.However,alltheiractivitycreatesagreatdealofnoiseunderwater.ScientistsfromtheUnitedStatesandCanadarecentlyreportedtheirobservations(观察)thattheoceanisgettingnoisier.ScientistsattheUniversityofVictoriahavestudiedtherecordingsrecordedwithequipmentplacedunderwaternearthebusyshippinglanesoffVancouverIslandinCanada.Theysayengine(发动机)noiseiscontinuousduringtheday,andalittlelessstrongatnight.Scientistssayitislikelythatwhalesmustcalloutmoreloudlytobeheardoverthisnoise.Thenoisecouldmakeitmoredifficultfororcawhalestofindfood.Theorcasfindfishbyproducingclickingsoundsandothernoises.Loudenginenoisecouldbeinterferingwiththeirefforts.MichaelJasnyisapolicyexpertfortheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil.Hesaystheriseofunderwaternoiseislimitingtheabilityofwhalestomunicate.Shippingnoisefallsacrossthesamefrequencies(频率)thattheseanimalsuseforalltheirvital(重大的，紧要的)behaviors—forfeeding,forfindingmates,foravoidingpredators(捕食者)andforgoingahead.”Mr.Jasnysayssoundtravelsveryeffectivelyunderwater.Anditisnotjustwhalesheisworriedabout.“Thewholeweboflifeintheoceansdependsonsound.Andasmoreandmoreresearchhasbeendone,it’sbeenveryclearthatwhatwehaveonourhandsisreallyamajorproblem.It’saseriousproblem.It’saglobalproblem.Fortunately,inshippingwehaveaproblemthathasasolution.”Oneansweristodesignquieterships.America’sNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,orNOAA,hasfournewshipsthataremadetobequieter.MichaelBahtiarianworksforNoiseControlEngineering,thepanywhichhelpeddesigntheboats.Mr.Bahtiariansaysthemainsourceofnoisepollutionisthepropeller(螺旋桨).Bettershapedpropellersandshipdesignscanhelptoreducenoise.NOAA’sshipsalsohavecostlyengines,whichproducelessnoise.Mr.Bahtiariansaysthetechnologytomakequietershipsdoesexistandhasbeenusedinthearmyforsometime.8．Theunderlinedphrase“interferingwith”inParagraph3probablymeans________.A．controlling B．troubling C．encouraging D．stopping9．Wecantellthatwhalesdependonsoundfor________.A．municatingwiththeirmates B．stoppingpredatorsfromfishingC．fightingagainsttheshippingnoise D．tellingthenighttimefromtheday10．Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat________.A．expensiveenginesproducelessnoiseintheoceanB．manyanimalsintheoceandependonsoundforlivingC．peopleshouldstopmakingbigshipsinordertosavewhalesD．itisdifficulttofindawaytostopnoisepollutionintheocean11．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheOceanisGettingNoisier. B．WhalesandShipsintheOcean.C．WhalesareFacingaSeriousProblem. D．QuietShipsareNeededintheOcean.【答案】8．B

9．A

10．B

11．D【解析】本文主要讲述了船只噪音污染对海洋动物生存产生的影响，以及相应的解决措施。8．猜测词句题。由第三段第三句“Theorcasfindfishbyproducingclickingsoundsandothernoises"和第四句"Loudenginenoisecouldbeinterferingwiththeirefforts”可推知，鲸鱼通过发出咔嚓声和其他声音来找到鱼，如果发动机的声音太大，会干扰鲸鱼的找鱼过程。B项意为“打扰；妨碍”，符合题意。故选B。9．推理判断题。由第四段第二句“Hesaystheriseofunderwaternoiseislimitingtheabilityofwhalestomunicate.”可知，鲸鱼是通过声音来与同伴沟通的，符合题意。故选A。10．推理判断题。由第七段第一句“Thewholeweboflifeintheoceansdependsonsound.”可知，海洋里整个生命网都是依靠声音。B项符合题意。故选B。11．最佳标题。文章主要阐述了海洋噪音对海洋生物的影响，同时提出了一些应对措施来降低噪音，保护海洋生物，可推测出最佳标题是“在海洋中需要安静的船只”，故选D。（2022·陕西西安·九年级期末）Inourlife,wecareaboutourheightverymuch.Doyouknowaboutanyfamouspeoplewhoareshort?Whatdoyouthinkaboutbeingshortversus(对比)beingtall?Akidoncewrotetomeandsaidhewassadaboutbeingshort.Hesaidhisclassmatesoftenpickedonhim.IknowhowhefeelsbecauseI’mjust165cmtallmyself.Growingup,Iwasalwaystheshortest.However,youcan’tchangeyourheight.Sowhatcanyoudoaboutit?Tyrion,whoisashortperson,isacharacterinmyfavoritebook,GameofThrones.Heoncesaid,“Neverforgetwhatyouare…theworldwillnot.Trytomakeityouradvantage.Thenitcanneverbeyourweakness.”Onewaytomakeyourweaknessintoadvantageistomakejokes.Makejokesaboutyourselfbeforeotherscan.Inthatway,theycanneverhurtyou.Youcanalsotrytobepositive(乐观的)andlookatthingsinadifferentway.Imighthavemessy(凌乱的)hair,butmyfriendwithnohairmightwishhehadit!12．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“pickon”mean?A．Behelpfultosomeone. B．Beunkindtosomeone.C．Helpsomeonepickthingsup. D．Putsomeone’sthingsinabag.13．ThewriterusedTyrion’swordsto________.A．showushowTyrionenjoyshislife B．introduceabookaboutbeingshortC．tellusmoreaboutshortmen D．tellushowtodealwithourweaknesses14．Whydoesthewritersuggestmakingjokesaboutourselvesfirst?A．Becauseotherscanneverhurtusinthisway.B．Becauseotherswilllaughatusinthisway.C．Becauseotherswillletusdowninthisway.D．Becauseotherswillmakefriendswithusinthisway.15．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Howtomakejokesaboutyourself B．HowtoturnaweaknessintoanadvantageC．Howtochangepeople’sideasaboutyou D．Howtobeepositive【答案】12．B

13．D

14．A

15．B【导语】本文主要谈论身高问题以及针对自己的身高劣势给出的建议。12．词句猜测题。分析“Akidoncewrotetomeandsaidhewassadaboutbeingshort.Hesaidhisclassmatesoftenpickedonhim.”可知，他为自己的矮小感到难过，所以他的同学经常捉弄他。此处“pickedon”的意思是“捉弄”，故选B。13．推理判断题。根据“Heoncesaid,‘Neverforgetwhatyouare…theworldwillnot.Trytomakeityouradvantage.Thenitcanneverbeyourweakness.’”可知，作者用提利昂的话告诉我们如何处理我们的弱点。故选D。14．细节理解题。根据“Makejokesaboutyourselfbeforeotherscan.Inthatway,theycanneverhurtyou.”可知，那样的话，他们就不会伤害你了。所以作者建议先拿自己开玩笑是因为别人永远不会这样伤害我们。故选A。15．最佳标题题。本文主要谈论身高问题以及针对自己的身高劣势给出的建议。选项B“如何化劣势为优势”符合主题，故选B。（2022·北京海淀·九年级期末）Imagineyouareorderingforyourroommates.YourememberLauraprefersbananaicecreamtochocolate.Itcouldbeafactforitwasprovedbyobservingherbehavior.However,theicecreampreferencecouldbeanopinionthatshowsherpersonalchoice.Whileit’snicetothinktheworldisclearlydividedintomattersoffactandmattersofopinion,it’snotalwaysthecase.Whatwethinkarefacts—thosethingswethinkaretrue—canendupbeingwrong.Callingsomethingafactisnotapromiseofinfallibility(无误).Thefamouswriter,AsimovexpressedthisinhisarticleTheRelativityofWrong.Forhim,thepersonwhothinkstheEarthisflatiswrong,andsoisthepersonwhothinkstheEarthisasphere.Afactisusuallyusedtorepresentthebestknowledgewehaveatacertaintime.Thenagain,callingsomethinganopiniondoesn'tmeananescapetothefairylandofwishfulthinking.Ifwethinkofanopinionasoneperson’sviewonasubject,thenmanyopinionscanbesolid.Forexample,it’smyopinionthatscienceprovidesuswithapowerfultooltohelpunderstandourplaceintheuniverse.It’snotafactthatsciencedoesso,butitworksforme.Butwecanbemuchclearerinourmeaningifwedividethingsintomattersoffactandmattersofopinion.Mattersoffactarelimitedtoempiricalstatements(实证表达),suchaswhattheboilingpointofwateris.Mattersofopinionarenon-empiricalstatements,whichincludequestionsofvalueandofpersonalpreferencesuchaswhetherit'sbettertoeatmorevegetablesthanmeat.Mattersofopinioncanbeinformedbymattersoffact(forexample,findingoutthatvegetablesarerichinvitaminscanchangemyfoodpreference),butfinallytheyarenotansweredbymattersoffact(whydoesitmattertomethatvegetablesarerichinvitamins?)Opinionsarenotjustpaleshadows(影子)offacts.Theyarejudgementsandconclusions.Theycanbetheresultofcarefulconsiderationinareasforwhichempiricalresearchisnotenoughorill-suited.Factsandopinionsshouldn’tbeputinoppositiontoeachother,astheycanbothplayanecessaryroleinourdecision-making.Butthat’sjustmyopinion,notafact.16．ThewritermentionsAsimov’sarticleinParagraph2toshow________.A．differentopinionsresultinheatedargumentsB．repeatingfactscanmakeothersagreewithusC．whatwetakeasfactsmayturnouttobewrongD．itisdifficulttopredicthowfactschangeovertime17．Theword“informed”inParagraph5probablymeans“________”.A．influenced B．questioned C．replaced D．proved18．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．opinionsaremoreimportantthanfactsB．factsandopinionsarenotagainsteachotherC．opinionscanbetheresultsofwishfulthinkingD．factsplayanimportantroleinscientificresearch【答案】16．C

17．A

18．B【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了作者认为事实和观点不应该相互对立，因为它们都可以在我们的决策中发挥必要的作用。16．推理判断题。根据“Whatwethinkarefacts—thosethingswethinkaretrue—canendupbeingwrong.Callingsomethingafactisnotapromiseofinfallibility(无误).Thefamouswriter,Asimovexpressedthisinhisarticle.”可知，“this”指代“Whatwethinkarefacts—thosethingswethinkaretrue—canendupbeingwrong.”，因此作者提到Asimov文章是为了说明：我们认为是事实的东西最终可能是错误的。故选C。17．词句猜测题。根据“Mattersofopinioncanbeinformedbymattersoffact(forexample,findingoutthatvegetablesarerichinvitaminscanchangemyfoodpreference)”可知，意见可以被事实影响，因此“informed”意为“influenced”。故选A。18．推理判断题。根据“Factsandopinionsshouldn’tbeputinoppositiontoeachother,astheycanbothplayanecessaryroleinourdecision-making.”可知，作者认为事实和观点不应该相互对立，因为它们都可以在我们的决策中发挥必要的作用。故选B。（2022·北京密云·九年级期末）Mydearboysandgirls,goodmorning.TodayI’mgoingtotalktoyouaboutmyunderstandingoflearninghistory.Manyofyoumaythinkitisaterriblethingtostudyhistory.Youmayoftenwonderwhywestudentsshouldstudysomethingthathasnothingtodowithourownlives.Ifyouthinkthatway,Ishouldsayyouarefarfromthetruth.Infact,ifwestudyhistory,wecanlearnquitealotaboutpersonalstoriesandeventsofpeoplejustlikeus.Thepeoplewhocamebeforeushelpedbuildanddevelopthecountrywearelivingin.Theirideasoftensolvedmanyofourproblemsandtroubles.Studyingthepasthelpsustounderstandwhatourancestors’(祖先)liveswerelike.Anditalsohelpsustoseehowtheirexperienceshaveshapedourownlife.Tobehonest,▲.Someofwhatwestudyinhistoryhelpsusunderstandthemistakesofthepast.Andthesemistakeswillhelppeoplenottodothesamewrongthings.Peopleoftenlearnfromthepasttohaveabetterfuture.Whetherwelikethesubjectofhistoryornot,wemustunderstandtheimportanceoftheeventsandthepeoplewhocamebeforeus.Ourancestors’decisionshaveinfluencedourownlife.Similarly,thedecisionsofourowngenerationwillfinallyinfluencethosewhoeafterus.Inthisonlyway,theworldistrulyconnected.Historyisnotjustastudyofthepast.Historyisthestudyofpeople,places,andeventsthatcaninfluencethefuture.Nowdoyoustillthinkstudyinghistoryisasadthing?Ordoyouhaveanydoubtaboutlearninghistory?Ifyouhaveanyquestions,justfeelfreetoask.19．Ifwestudyhistory,wecanlearnthat________.A．historyhasnothingtodowithourownlivesB．ourancestorshelpedbuildanddevelopourcountryC．ourancestors’ideassolvedallourproblemsandtroublesD．ourancestors’experiencescan’tshapeourownlife20．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinthe▲inParagraph4?A．themistakesofthepastwon’thelpus B．Idon’tliketheideaoflearninghistoryC．itisnoteasytolearnthesubjectofhistory D．noteverythingthathappenedinthepastisgood21．Thewriterwrotethepassageto________.A．introducesomeimportantpeopleinhistoryB．developstudents’interestinlearninghistoryC．explaindifferentpeople’sunderstandingofhistoryD．showtherelationshipbetweenthepastandthefuture【答案】19．B

20．D

21．B【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者讲述了学习历史的重要性，以此来激发学生学习历史的兴趣。19．细节理解题。根据原文“Thepeoplewhocamebeforeushelpedbuildanddevelopthecountrywearelivingin”可知，学习历史可以了解帮助建设和发展我们国家的先人。故选B。20．推理判断题。根据下文“Someofwhatwestudyinhistoryhelpsusunderstandthemistakesofthepast”可推断，此处指的是“历史上发生的一些事并不都是好的”。故选D。21．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇议论文，作者讲述了学习历史的重要性，以此来激发学生学习历史的兴趣。故选B。（2021·山东·临清市教育和体育局教科研中心九年级期末）Isn’tfastfooddelicious?Aren’tfastfoodrestaurantscool?...Theanswertothesequestionsisyes.However,therearegrowingfactsthatfastfoodisoneoftheworstpartsofmodernlife.Andstudieshaveshownthatburgersandfriedchicken,whichweenjoysomuch,cancausealotofhealthproblems.Inspiteof(尽管)this,whyarefastfoodrestaurantssoattractive(吸引人的)?Thefirstandmostimportantreasonisthattheirserviceisfast.Theirstaff(员工)arefriendlyandverysmart-lookingintheircleanandbrightuniforms(制服).Moreover,mostfastfoodrestaurantsarenearplacesthatpeoplealwayspassby.Itissoeasytogrababurgerandeatonthewaytowork.Fastfoodisoftensoconvenientlypacked(包装方便)thatitwillnotcauseamessevenifyoustandandeatit.Fastfoodrestaurantsarealsoveryclean.Alotofcleverads(广告)havemadethemthecoolestplacesintown,butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth.Suchattractiveplacesaresellingjunkfood!Isn’titapity?Isthereawaytochangethefastfoodrestaurantsintospecialplaceswhereyougetthebestpossible,healthyandfreshfood?Well,whynot?Aspeoplerealizethehealthproblemsthatfastfoodcauses,itisquitelikelythatfastfoodrestaurantsmaygooutofdate.Itmayhappensoonerorlater.Therefore,insteadofresisting(抵制)fastfoodrestaurants,abetterideamaybetopersuade(说服)themtochangetheirmenu!Fastfoodrestaurantscanbeplacestogotowhenyouwanttoeatsomethingthatwillbegoodforyourbody.Iftheycouldbine(结合)healthyfoodwiththeirspeedofservice,delicioustastesandfortablefeelings,thatwillbethenextbestthingontheearthforthehumanbeings!22．Whatdoes“this”inParagraph2referto?A．Fastfoodisdelicious. B．Peopleenjoyfastfood.C．Fastfoodrestaurantsarecool. D．Fastfoodcancausehealthproblems.23．FastfoodhasmanyadvantagesEXCEPTthatit’s________.A．fast B．fortable C．delicious D．healthy24．Whichwordcanreplacetheword“grab”inParagraph3?A．getquickly B．movesuddenly C．throwquickly D．carrycarefully25．Accordingtothepassage,adsaboutfastfood________.A．showyouallthefacts B．don’ttellyouthewholetruthC．makeithardtobuyfastfood D．makefastfoodrestaurantsoutofdate26．Thewriteradvises________.A．changingtastesoffastfood B．resistingfastfoodrestaurantsC．makingfastfoodgoodforhealth D．makingtheserviceoffastfoodfaster【答案】22．D

23．D

24．A

25．B

26．C【分析】本文介绍了快餐的好处与弊端。作者建议不要抵制快餐，最好的办法是改变它的菜单，让它成为对健康有益的食物。22．词句猜测题。根据“Andstudieshaveshownthatburgersandfriedchicken,whichweenjoysomuch,cancausealotofhealthproblems.”可知，此处代指快餐会导致很多健康问题，故选D。23．推理判断题。根据“Andstudieshaveshownthatburgersandfriedchicken,whichweenjoysomuch,cancausealotofhealthproblems.”可知，认为快餐会导致很多健康问题，因此快餐的优点不包括“它是健康的”。故选D。24．词句猜测题。根据“eatonthewaytowork”可知，在上班的路上吃，应是快速地拿起它，故选A。25．推理判断题。根据“Alotofcleverads(广告)havemadethemthecoolestplacesintown,butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth.”可知，关于快餐的广告不会告诉你太多的快餐对你的健康有害，因此它们不会说出所有的真相，故选B。26．推理判断题。根据“Therefore,insteadofresisting(抵制)fastfoodrestaurants,abetterideamaybetopersuade(说服)themtochangetheirmenu!Fastfoodrestaurantscanbeplacestogotowhenyouwanttoeatsomethingthatwillbegoodforyourbody.”可知，作者建议让快餐对健康有益，故选C。（2022·山东济宁·九年级期末）Manyofyouhaveprobablyhadthisexperience:Yougetonatrainandarereadytotakeanaporreadabook,onlytofindthatthepassengerinfrontofyouiswatchingaTVshowonhistabletwithoutheadphones.Thechildnexttoyouwon’tstopcrying.Andtheoldladybehindyoutalksonherphoneduringthewholetrip.Wishthetraincouldbelessnoisy?Theremightbeasolutionforyou.TheBeijing-Shanghaihigh-speedrailway,oneofChina’sbusiesthigh-speedraillines,havehad“quiet”carriagesstartingsinceDec23,2020.Inquietcarriages,onboardvideosaremuted(静音)andannouncementsaremadeatalowervolume(音量).Doorsattheendsofthecarriagearekeptclosedtoreducenoisefromothercarriages.Trainattendants(乘务员)areresponsibleformakingsurethatpassengersremainquietandfollowtherules.Passengerswhoarewillingtoobeytherulescanchoosethequietcarriageswhenbookingtheirtickets,accordingtoChina’snationalrailwayoperator.Somepeoplehavepointedoutthatthiskindofquietenvironmentshouldbeofferedinallcarriages.Theysaythathavingquietcarriagesmightgivepeopletheimpressionthattheydon’tneedtobequietinnon-quietcarriages.Quietcarriagesmightbemoreenjoyable.Whilesomeinternetusersareinfavorofthenewservice,ithasalsosparkeddiscussionaboutjusthowquiettravelersshouldbeinquietcarriages.Manypeoplehaveraisedquestionssuchas“WhatifIsnore(打呼噜)?”and“Canwetalktoourtravelpanionsifweneedto?”27．Para.1iswrittentoshowthat_________.A．peopledoallkindsofthingsontrains B．peoplewatchTVshowsontrainsC．travelingbytrainisverymon D．peopleontrainsareneververynoisy28．Para.2mainlytellsthattokeepthetrain_________.A．muchbusierisinShanghai B．lessnoisyispossibleinChinaC．quietstaredbeforeDec23,2020 D．fastesthasachievedinBeijing29．FromPara.3,howdoquietcarriageswork?A．Thedoorsofthesecarriagesstayclosed.B．Noonemakessurepassengersfollowtherules.C．Passengersaren’tallowedtowatchvideos.D．Trainattendantsdon’tmakeanyannouncements.30．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“infavorof”underlinedinthelastpara?A．inneedof B．inplaceofC．insearchof D．insupportof31．Whatdoweknowaboutquietcarriagesfromthelastparagraph?A．Therulesshouldbemademuchclearer. B．Mostpeopledon’tliketheserviceatall.C．Theserviceisbetterforsolo(单)travelers. D．It’shardtomaketrainsperfectlyquiet.【答案】27．A

28．B

29．A

30．D

31．D【分析】本文主要介绍了有关实行“安静”车厢的相关情况，以及人们对“安静”车厢的看法。27．细节理解题。根据第一段的描述“Yougetonatrainandarereadytotakeanaporreadabook,onlytofindthatthepassengerinfrontofyouiswatchingaTVshowonhistabletwithoutheadphones.Thechildnexttoyouwon’tstopcrying.Andtheoldladybehindyoutalksonherphoneduringthewholetrip”可知，第一段通过举例表明，火车上的人们做着各种各样的事情。故选A。28．细节理解题。根据“Wishthetraincouldbelessnoisy?Theremightbeasolutionforyou.”可知，较少的噪音是可能的。故选B。29．细节理解题。根据“Doorsofthecarriagewillbekeptclosedtoreducenoisefromothercarriages”可知，安静车厢的门是闭着的，故选A。30．词义猜测题。根据“Whilesomeinternetusersareinfavorofthenewservice,ithasalsoraiseddiscussionaboutjusthowquiettravelersshouldbeinquietcarriages.”可知，虽然一些互联网用户支持这项新服务，但它也引发了关于乘客在安静的车厢里应该保持多安静的讨论。因此“infavorof”指的是“支持”，与D项同义。故选D。31．推理判断题。根据“Manypeoplehaveraisedquestionssuchas“WhatifIsnore(打呼噜)?”and“Canwetalktoourtravelpanionsifweneedto?””可知，一些人支持这个观点，而一些人提出了问题，比如有人提出“如果打呼噜呢？”，因此可以推断出要使火车完全安静是很难的，故选D。（2022·重庆南岸·九年级期末）InFrance,Italyandsomewesterncountries,cheek(脸颊)kissingisawayofgreetingothers.ButbecauseoftheCOVID-19,thiscustomisaquestiononpeople’smindsnow.Moreandmorepeopledislikecheekkissinginmodemsociety.InasurveyinMarch,2021,halfofthepeoplewhowereinterviewedsaidtheywouldstopusingcheekkissinginthefuture.And78%wouldnolongeruseitwithstrangers.Men,however,onlykissedothermeniftheywereclosefriendsorfamily.Thequestionofwhethercheekkissingisheretostayorgoisnotjustamatterofchangingpersonalgreetingways,buthowanationexpressesitself.InFrance,manypeoplearefindingthemselvesdisliketokisswhentheyseeeachother.Theychoosetobump(碰撞)armstogreeteachother.Italianschoosetogreetfriendswithchest-to-chestcontact(胸与胸的接触)butwithheadsturningawayfromeachother.Itisbelievedthatclosebodycontactcanbringpeopletogether.It’simportanttonotethatcheekkissinghasn’tbeenaroundforever.Infact,thiskindofsocialcustomhasbeenshutdownbeforebecauseofdiseases.Forexample,atthetimethattheBlackDeathbrokeoutinEuropeinthe14thcentury,peoplestoppedkissingeachotherasawayofgreeting.Itwasn’tuntilaboutacenturyagothatcheekkissingwasbroughtback.So,ischeekkissingonitswaytobeingarelic(历史遗迹)again?32．Weknowmoreandmorepeopledislikecheekkissinginmodemsocietythrougha_______.A．custom B．stranger C．survey D．question33．Peopleusecheekkissingasawayofgreetingothersbecause________.A．theyloveeachother B．theirnationsorderthemtodosoC．it’sbetterthantalking D．itcanbringpeopletogether34．Theunderlinedphrase“shutdown”inParagraph4maymean“__________”.A．中断 B．倒闭 C．消失 D．关闭35．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat___________.A．meninFranceonlykisstheirfriends’andfamily’scheeksB．peoplearechoosingotherbodycontactstogreeteachotherC．cheekkissingwilldisappearinthefutureforeverD．cheekkissingwillebacktopeople’slifesomeday【答案】32．C

33．D

34．A

35．D【分析】这是一篇议论文，文章讲述因为新冠肺炎，亲吻脸颊来问候他人的习俗中断。根据调查发现现代社会越来越多的人不喜欢亲吻脸颊。这种习俗的变化不只是人们问候方式改变的问题，而是关于一个民族怎样表达自己。32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Moreandmorepeopledislikecheekkissinginmodemsociety.InasurveyinMarch,2021,halfofthepeoplewhowereinterviewedsaidtheywouldstopusingcheekkissinginthefuture.And78%wouldnolongeruseitwithstrangers”可知是根据调查发现现代社会越来越多的人不喜欢亲吻脸颊。故选C。33．推理判断题。根据第三段“Itisbelievedthatclosebodycontactcanbringpeopletogether”可知亲密的身体接触可以让人们在一起更亲近。人们使用亲吻脸颊作为问候的一种方式是因为它能让人们在一起更亲密。故选D。34．词义猜测题。根据“becauseoftheCOVID-19,thiscustomisaquestion”及“becauseofdiseases”可知表达因为疾病，问候时亲吻脸颊中断了。“shutdown”的含义是“中断”。故选A。35．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thequestionofwhethercheekkissingisheretostayorgoisnotjustamatterofchangingpersonalgreetingways,buthowanationexpressesitself”可知，这种习俗是去是留不只是