《傲慢与偏见》中女性人物的认识局限

AnanalysisofthecognitivelimitationsoffemalecharactersinPrideandPrejudice AbstractPrideandPrejudice,amasterpieceofJaneAusten,reflectstheawakeningofwomen'sconsciousnessandtheriseofwomen'sautonomyinsomeway.Thefeminineconsciousnessinthearticlemanifeststhroughthemarriageviewandthewealthview,thelimitationisthatthefemalerolecannotobtainthecompletepersonalityindependence,butthisdoesnotaffect"theprideandtheprejudice"thehistoricalposition,untiltoday,thisbookstillhastherealisticsignificance.Thisarticlemainlythroughthestudyofthelimitationsoffemaleconsciousnessinthisbooktodialecticallylookatthesignificanceofthetimesandthethinkingoftoday'ssociety.Keywords:《PrideandPrejudice》;femalecharacters;cognition;limit摘要《傲慢与偏见》是简•奥斯汀的代表作，反映了女性意识的觉醒与女性自主权某种程度的上升。文中的女性意识具体通过婚姻观与财富观来体现，局限性在于女性角色无法获得完全的人格独立，但这并不影响《傲慢与偏见》的历史地位，直至今天，这本书仍有着现实的意义。本文主要通过研究本书中女性意识的局限性来辩证的看待其时代意义与对现今社会的思考作用。关键词：《傲慢与偏见》；女性人物；认识；局限 目录TOC\o"1-5"\h\z\u1.Introduction 12.Themainmanifestationoffemaleconsciousness 23.Limitationsoffemaleconsciousness 54.Conclusion 6Reference 8Acknowledgements 101.IntroductionJaneAustenisaverygoodwomanwriter,intheworldhistoryofliteraturehasanimportantposition,Austinisnotaprolificwriter,buteachworkismeticulouslycreatedbyit,hasaveryhighliteraryvalue."PrideandPrejudice"tothethemeofmarriageandlove,dailylifeasthematerial,brokethroughtheaffectationofthepopularwritingmode,brokethroughthepast,thepatriarchalconsciousnessoftheruleofliterature,depictingthe18centurytothebeginningoftheearly19thcenturyShirioftheBritishtownship,creatinganewfemaleimageofElizabeth,Leadingtoarealfeminineperspectiveoftheliterarytrend.Atthattime,Britainwasinaperiodofsocialtransformation,economicandsocialchanges,thelifeofwomen'scontentandmannerhasalsoproducedgreatchanges."PrideandPrejudice"throughtheheroineElizabethsucha"rebellious"role,reflectsthesocialbackgroundoftheriseinwomen'sautonomy,andtheinitialawakeningoffemaleconsciousness.Despitethelimitationsofthetimes,thefeminineconsciousnessofJaneAustenstillhasitslimitations,butitdoesnotaffectthehistoricalstatusofPrideandPrejudice,eventoday,thebookstillhasarealisticmeaning.Theideasandideasofthecharactersinthebookarestilleverywheretoday."PrideandPrejudice"isamarriageandloveasthethemeofthenovel,themainsourceofthematerialfromdailylife,embodiesthefeminineconsciousness,brokethepreviousliteraryworksinthemale-rightsconsciousness,depictingtheBritishtownoftheTimes,thenewshapeofabrand-newfemaleimage.Britainwasinaperiodoftransition,andwomen'sliveshadchangedalot.AlthoughthefemaleconsciousnessofPrideandPrejudicehascertainlimitations,itcannotdenythehistoricalpositionofprideandPrejudice.ThebackgroundofPrideandPrejudiceJaneAustenlivedinBritainattheendofthe18thcentury,early19thcentury(1775~1817),whenmenwerecentralanddominant,andwomen'ssocialstatuswaslow.Womenmustobeymenintheirlives,andmenaretheauthorityofsociety.Atthattime,women'slowsocialstatuswasmainlyembodiedinthefollowingtwoaspects:first,womendonothavetherighttoinheritproperty,propertycanonlybeinheritedbymen,therebyaggravatingwomen'sattachmenttomen.Second,theunequalaccesstoeducationforwomenandmenandthelimitedaccessofwomentothefamily.2.ThemainmanifestationoffemaleconsciousnessAsanexcellentfemalewriter,JaneAustenenjoysalongreputationintheworldofliterature.Althoughsheisnotaprolificwriter,theliteraryvalueofeachofherworksisveryhigh."PrideandPrejudice"brokethroughthefashionableandpretentiouswritingmodeatthattime,takingthedailylifeasthematerial,takingthemarriageloveasthetheme,ShiritheBritishtownshipinearly19thcentury.ByportrayingElizabethasabrand-newfeminineimage,shehasledthenewtrendofwomen'sperspective.Thewriterisintheperiodofsocialtransformation.Inthefaceofgreatsocialchange,women'slifestylesandcontenthaveundergonetremendouschanges.Itisbasedonsuchasocialbackgroundthatthewriterembodiestheriseofwomen'sautonomybyportrayingElizabethasarebelliousheroine.2.1Besureofwomen'singenuityInhisworks,thewritershapesElizabeth'simageofanintelligentwomanwithherownuniqueinsightsandaffirmsherintelligence.Byportrayingmen'saffirmationofwomen'sintellectandtheirrecognitionofwomen'sintelligence,Austenhasexpressedwomen'skeeninsightandjudgmentasmen,thuschallengingthepopularmythofmalesuperiorityinthe1794Britishsociety,whichis"moremasculineandintellectuallymore".Atthattime,thedevelopmentoftheIndustrialRevolutionpromotedpeople'sfranticpursuitofeconomicinterests,whilethescopeofwomen'sactivitieswasnarrowedwhiletheeducationoffemalegroupswasneglected.Tocultivatewomen'sgoodcharacteristhepurposeofeducatingwomenatthattime.InBritaininthe19thcentury,itwasmorepopulartoaskwomentobefamily-orientedandtobemothersandwives.Infamilyandsocialcircles,womenarerequiredtodedicatethemselvestotheirfamiliesandhusbands,andtomakethemfeelcomfortableandateaseasmuchaspossible.Allobediencetoherhusband'sinstructions.Asaresult,women'sgroupshavearareopportunitytoacceptnewthingsfromoutside,nottomentioneducationalopportunities.Inhisliterarycreation,thewritermakesavividdepictionofthissocialsituation.Theheroineshehascreatedislargelydevoidofbrilliance.IntheworkofPrideandPrejudice,theheroineElizabethisamediumperformer,sheisoftenabsent-mindedforpianolessons,andLindaandsistersdespitethelevelofgeneralsinging,butdaretoperforminpublic,andforthemtoimprovethesingingabilityoftheproblem,noonepointedoutinpublic.SuchanideawasverypopularinBritishsocietyatthetime,butthepurposeoftheauthor'screationwasnottorevealthesewell-knownsocialphenomena.Austinaimstodigdeeperintothecontent.2.2WomenhelpmentoimprovethemselvesElizabeth,notonlybyvirtueofherownwisdomtothehappinessofJaneandBingleymarriage,butalsotogetahappymarriage,buthelpDarcyperfectselfimpetus.Womencanbeasintelligentasmen,andevenmoreintelligentthanmeninsomethings,women'sabilitytomakewomenshouldbelikemenhaveabroadspacefordevelopment,to"familylifeisthemostsuitableworldforwomen"and"womenmustworshipmen"conceptchallenges,Forwomentoseekmorespacefordevelopmentandhighersocialstatus.2.3Creatingafalse,stupidmaleimage"PrideandPrejudice"intheshapeofWickhamandCollinstwonotperfectmaleimage.AlthoughWickhamisbeautifulandglib,heisdeceitful,indolent,Bohemianandevil.Wickham,evenmoreirresponsible,elopedwithLydia,anddidnotintendtomarryLydia,eventoclingtoagoodmarriage,regardlessoftheinfluenceoftheelopementonLydiaandherwholefamily'sreputation.CollinsisanotherstupidmalefigureportrayedinPrideandprejudice.Heisflattering,snobbish,pedanticandpretentious.ByportrayinghimtothecleverandwittyElizabethtoproposeascene,butalsohisshallowignorance,self-righteousfaceexposed.ThroughthedepictionofWickhamandCollins'shypocrisyandstupidity,Austin'squestioningandsubversionoftheabsoluteauthorityofmenandthedominationofmenaswomenreflecttheawakeningofwomen'sself-consciousness.Inthenovel"PrideandPrejudice",thewriterchoosestheheroineElizabethasthespokesperson.Inthiswork,manyfemalecharactersareelegant,youngandbeautiful,andthennoonecancompetewithElizabeth,mainlybecauseElizabeth'sjudgmentandinsightareextremelysharp,whichotherwomendonothave.Inthecourseofthestorydevelopment,hersisterJaneandMrBingley'sgerminationofmutualaffectioncanbefoundinadvance,andMrDarcyhastheattitudefrombeginningtoend.AlthoughforDarcy,noonehasshowngoodwill,butthesefeelingsforElizabeth,hasnotproducedanyimpact.Eventhemanwholeftabadimpressiononherwasnotamessagefromothers,butratheraresultofherseveralexchanges,andthusthewoman'smaverick.TheprotagonistElizabethhasinheritedfromthefatherofthehumorousandproudofthewisdomofthepeoplearefullofpersonalcharmofwomen.ForDarcy'sowncontemptandridicule,shelaugh,withahumorousattitudetotreat.Shewasquickandfullofwisdom.Atthesametimecompletelydisregardofthoseredtape,travel-stainedtovisithersister,thesearethegirl'scleverandintelligentembodiment.Itcanbeseenthatsheandthosewhoperceivethelofty,posturingfemalegroups,thereisafundamentaldistinction,evenifitisoutrageousandironic,forherhumanmisconduct,sheisstilladheringtotherationalandmoralbottomline.Itcanbeseenthatthegirl'sattitudetowardslifeisverypositive.Theresentmentofthefamily,forCharlotteandMr.Collins,reflectshereleganceandgoodmoralstandards.Therefore,shewasabletosaynotoDarcy'sinsolentproposal.2.4Nature'sgentleandbeautifulconsciousnessThebeautifulsceneryofnaturedepictedinthisworkismostlyfromtheperspectiveofwomen,therichwoodsintheworks,Themorninglight,thetwilightofthesunset,thebeautifulcourtyardandsoonallrevealthefeelingsandexperiencespeculiartowomen,thisworkisreflectedbecausetheauthorbelievesthatwomenarealsoapartofnature,Havetherighttoexperiencethebeautyoftheworld,andfromtheperspectiveofwomentoseetheworldevenmorebeautiful,ifthelackofwomen'sperspectiveoftheworldwilllackofcountlesscharm,theauthorofthebeautyofthisperfectfeminineappearanceistheauthorofwomen'srightsidentity.2.5ThepursuitofalovingmarriageIntheageofAusten'slife,womenintheUnitedKingdomhavenoinheritancerights,sotheyoungwomanatthattimetoseethemarriageisparticularlyimportant,thatmarriageistheonlydecentretreat.In"PrideandPrejudice",Elizabethisalsoawomanwithindependentthinking,ontheissueofmarriage,shewasarrangedaccordingtoherownwillandideas,bycomparingCharlotteandElizabeth'sattitudetowardsmarriageandtheoutcome,expressedtheirloveforthemarriageofthepursuit,notforthepropertyofthemaledependency,Itexpressesthefemalesubjectconsciousnessofequalpursuitofhappymarriage.3.LimitationsoffemaleconsciousnessFirstofall,althoughAusteninthe"PrideandPrejudice"inthefemaleconsciousnessthatinmarriageandfamily,womenandmenhaveequalstatusandrights.However,becauseofAusten'slonglifeinthecountryside,theopennessofvisionandlivingenvironmentlimittheexpressionoffemaleconsciousnessinherworks,in"PrideandPrejudice",theAustrianonlyexpressedthepreliminaryfeminineconsciousness,stilldidnothavethespiritindependence,stilldidnotjumpoutthefeudalloveviewthefetter.Secondly,theauthorlivesinthepatriarchaldominantsociety,themalepowerisirresistible.Infrontoftheobviousmalepower,thefemalechoosesonlyisthetoleranceandthesilence,inthefinalanalysisthefemininesubordinatestatusmanifests.Althoughsheadvocatesequalstatusofwomen,butshedoesnotadvocatewomenoutofthehomelookingforwork,sothatwomenstilldonothaveacertaineconomicbase,andthereforemustbeattachedtothemale,shedidnotrealizethatthefemaleattachmenttothemaleidentityisactuallyapatriarchalculture,inthisculture,theindependenceofwomenisimpossibletoachieve.Althoughintoday'sopinion,JaneAusten'sfeminineconsciousnessstillhassomelimitations,butthebookofthevariouscharactersofthemarriageconceptandvalues,westillhaveacertainreferencerole,thisworkalsohasimportantpracticalsignificance.InBritishsocietyinthe19thcentury,menhadaparamountimportanceandwerethecoreofsocietyandfamily.Incontrast,womenoccupyaverylowsocialpositionbecauseoftheirdomesticactivitiesandthefocusoftheirservices.The"ConductHandbook",whichwaspopularinthesocietyatthattime,wasaconstantconstraintandreminderofwomen'sstandardsofconduct,withdetailedprovisionsontheconductofwomen.Therefore,forthefemalegroups,especiallyyoungwomen,becausetheydonothaveacertainproperty,sointheBritishsocietyatthattimeisdifficulttofoothold.Theonlywayforthemtochangetheirfortunesistoenterthemarriagehall.However,theknowledgeofwomen,especiallyintheliterarycreationofthefemalegroup,oftenpeoplearepointingfingers,itisdifficulttosettledown.JaneAustenlivedinatimewhentherewasnosoilforwomentocreate.Thenthewriter,undertheconditionofextremehardship,determinedhisowndirectionandpersistedintheliterarycreation,andthespirititselfshowedastrongconsciousnessofthesubjectandthespiritofresisting.4.ConclusionPrideandPrejudiceclearlyshowsAusten'sawakeningtowomen'sawarenessofsocialstatusandwomen'srights.Attheendof18thcenturyandearly19thcentury,thefeministtraditioninEnglishnovelshasbeguntotakeshape,andAusten'screationoffemalewritershasbothinheritedanddiscarded,andherexcellentinsightgivesheradeepsenseofwhatwomenface,andisreflectedinherworks,appealingtopeopletopaymoreattentiontowomen'sproblems.Reference[1]李韶丽.试析《傲慢与偏见》中的女权主义思想[J].大众文艺,2016(18):30-31.[2]黄符燕,李彦.女权主义视野下的《傲慢与偏见》[J].科教文汇(上旬刊),2016(02):148-149.[3]陈瑞青.论《傲慢与偏见》中的女性意识[J].山西煤炭管理干部学院学报,2014,27(04):204-206.[4]刘宇晶.《傲慢与偏见》中简奥斯丁的女性意识研究[J].读与写(教育教学刊),2014,11(05):46+61.[5]姚晓晖.《傲慢与偏见》女权主义思想析论[J].开封教育学院学报,2013,33(06):23-25.[6]王娟.试析《傲慢与偏见》中的女性意识[J].长春工业大学学报(社会科学版),2013,25(05):120-122.[7]胡治艳.《傲慢与偏见》中女性意识的体现[J].语文建设,2013(17):34-35.[8]XiaopingYu.Character-drivenThemeAnalysisinPrideandPrejudice[J].JournalofLanguageTeachingandResearch,2010，1（5）.[9]LiliZhan.NonverbalCommunicationinPrideandPrejudice[J].TheoryandPracticeinLanguageStudies,2012，2（8）.[10]Ashton-JamesClaireE,TracyJessicaL.Prideandprejudice:howfeelingsabouttheselfinfluencejudgmentsofothers.[J].PersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,2011，38（4）.[11]O'ConnellDanielC,KowalSabine.InterjectionsintheperformanceofJaneAusten'sPrideandprejudice.[J].JournalofPsycholinguisticResearch,2010，39（4）.[12]LindaA.Robinson.CrinolinesandPantalettes:WhatMGM’sSwitchinTimeDidtoPrideandPrejudice（1940）[J].Adaptation,2013，6（3）.[13]CamillaNelson.JaneAusten…NowwithUltraviolentZombieMayhem[J].Adaptation,2013，6（3）.[14]DanielC.O’Connell,SabineKowal.InterjectionsinthePerform