2022年上海市徐汇区中考一模英语试题(含详细解析和答案)

2022年上海市徐汇区中考一模英语试题GrammarandVocabularyI.单项选择。21.Pansywrote____articleondetectivesfortheschoolnewspaper.A.a B.an C.the D./句意：Pansy为校报写了一篇关于侦探的文章。解析：a/an表示泛指，the表示特指，此处泛指“一篇关于侦探的文章”，且article以元音音素开头的可数名词单数，所以用不定冠词an，故选B。22.CaptainKingsuccessfullyescaped____Gork'scavewithhiscrew.A.out B.with C.from D.to句意：King船长和他的船员成功地逃离了Gork的洞穴。解析：escapefrom…意为“从……逃离”，故选C。23.Ben'snewlaptopweighsmuchlighterthan____.Anditalsocostsless.A.mine B.me C.my D.myself句意：Ben的新笔记本电脑比我的轻多了。而且成本也更低。解析：比较级句型中，需同类物品进行比较，所以此处用名词性物主代词mine代指mylaptop，故选A。24.Janelikesdancingverymuchandhasbeeninthedanceclub____twoyears.A.after B.for C.since D.during句意：Jane非常喜欢跳舞，已经在舞蹈俱乐部呆了两年了。解析：and后面的分句是现在完成时，“for+时间段”表示动作持续的时间，一般与表示状态的现在完成时连用，故选B。25.Everyoneisspecial.There'snoneedtocompareyourselfto____else.A.everybody B.somebody C.anybody D.nobody句意：每个人都是特别的。没有必要拿自己和其它任何人比较。解析：everybody意为“每个人”，somebody意为“某人”，一般用于肯定句中，在否定句或疑问句中常用anybody替换，同时anybody还有“任何人”之意；nobody意为“没有人”；此处表示“不需要与任何人比较”，故选C。26.I____togoodfriendsorreliableadultsforhelpifIgetmyselfintrouble.A.haveturned B.willturn C.turned D.amturning句意：如果我遇到麻烦，我会向好朋友或可靠的成年人求助。解析：此句是if引导的条件状语从句，从句是一般现在时表示将来，根据“主将从现”原则可知，主句用一般将来时willdo结构，故选B。27.Thekidnappersseemedtoo____tobetrue.Itwasverystrange.A.happily B.hardly C.suddenly D.friendly句意：绑架者太友好了，不像是真的。这很奇怪。解析：seem是系动词，后面跟形容词作表语，happily快乐地、hardly几乎不、suddenly突然地都是副词，friendly友好的是形容词，故选D。28.Playersexcitedlytalkabout____amazingthenewHarryPotter-themedmobilephonegameis.A.how B.what C.whata D.whatan句意：玩家们兴奋地谈论着这款以哈利·波特为主题的新手机游戏有多棒。解析：talkabout后面是一个宾语从句，从句是一个感叹句，感叹句中心词是形容词amazing，所以用how引导，故选A。29.WordcamethatracedriverZhouGuanyu____theAlfaRomeoteamforthe2022season.A.wouldjoin B.hasjoined C.joins D.wasjoining句意：有消息称，赛车手周冠宇将加入阿尔法罗密欧车队，参加2022赛季的比赛。解析：Wordcamethat后面是同位语从句，解释Word的内容，因主句是一般过去时，从句的动作发生在主句动作之后，所以从句用过去将来时woulddo结构，故选A。30.Atthegraduationceremony,JoeintroducedMrs.Lias____professorhehadevermet.A.apatient B.themorepatient C.amostpatient D.themostpatient句意：在毕业典礼上，Joe介绍李太太是他所见过的最有耐心的教授。解析：形容词patient“耐心的”修饰名词profess，由hehadevermet可知，此处用最高级，且形容词的最高级前需加定冠词the，故选D。31.ShanghaiMuseumregularlyholdslecturesforchildrentoletthem____moreaboutcultureandart.A.toknow B.know C.knowing D.known句意：上海博物馆定期为孩子们举办讲座，让他们了解更多的文化和艺术。解析：letsb.dosth.意为“让某人做某事”，故选B。32.Students____beawareofhowlearninghabitswillinfluencetheirlearningoutcomes.A.must B.should C.can D.may句意：学生应该意识到学习习惯将如何影响他们的学习结果。解析：must“必须”，should“应该”，can“可以；能够”，may“可能”；此处表示“学生应该意识到……”，must语气太强硬，故选B。33.Thelittleboyis____angrywithhisparentsbecausehethinkstheylovehissistermore.A.never B.ever C.often D.seldom句意：这个小男孩经常生他父母的气，因为他认为他们更爱他的妹妹。解析：考查频度副词，never“从不”，ever“曾经”，often“经常”，seldom“很少”；根据becausehethinkstheylovehissistermore可知，应是“经常生父母的气”，故选C。34.Manypeopledon'twanttodeleteelectronicmaterials____theyarenolongervaluable.A.because B.if C.while D.although句意：许多人不想删除电子材料，尽管它们已经不再有价值。解析：考查连词。Because“因为”，if“如果；是否”，while“当……时候；然而”，although“尽管；虽然”；根据前后可知，此处应是让步状语从句，“尽管电子材料已经不再有价值，很多人还是不愿意删除”，故选D。35.-____isourSchoolEnglishFestivalheld?-Onceayear.UsuallyinDecember.A.Howsoon B.Howlong C.Howoften D.Howmanytimes句意：-我们学校英语节多久举行一次?

-一年一次。通常在12月。解析：Howsoon“多久以后”，通常用“in+时间段”回答；Howlong提问物体或时间长度；Howoften“多久一次”提问频率；Howmanytimes“多少次”提问次数，由onceayear“一年一次”可知，上文提问频率，故选C。III.completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.amazingB.surpriseC.responsibleD.requiredE.effectivelyHowisyourmemory?RememberingthingsisanimportantfunctionofourbrainThereissomuchwehavetorememberfromwhereweleftourcarkeystohowwewalk.However,it'sno___36___thatsometimesweareforgetful.Memoryallowsthebraintostoreandgetinformationbackwhen___37___.Ourshort-termmemorycanholdasmallamountofinformationforashorttime,whileourlong-termmemorycanholdanunlimitedamountofinformationforalongtime.Ourmemoryis___38___,butwhydowestillforgetthings?lt'spossiblewedon'talwaysstoreinformationinourmemory___39___maybebecauseweareinarushorweconsideritunimportantatthetime.Whenwedostoreinformation,weoftenmakeconnectionswithotherthings.whichhelpsusrecallitlater.36.________37.________38.________39.________解析：36.it’snosurprise…意为“……并不意外”，it'snosurprisethatsometimesweareforgetful表示“我们有时会健忘，这并不奇怪”，故选B。37.句意“记忆允许大脑储存信息，并在需要的时候获得信息”，动词require意为“需要”，故选D。38.be动词is后面跟形容词作表语，形容词amazing意为“令人惊讶的”，句意“我们的记忆是令人惊讶的，但是为什么我们还会忘记事情”，故选A。39.句意：可能我们并不总是有效地在记忆中存储信息。副词effectively意为“有效地”，在此句中作状语，故选E。A.environmentB.detailC.especiallyD.failE.appearanceButsometimesevenourshort-termmemorycan___40___us.Haveyouevergoneintoaroomtofetchsomethingonlytoforgetwhatyouwantedwhenyougotthere?Thisiscalled"TheDoorwayEffect"Lttakesplacebecausewechangeboththephysicalandmental___41___movingtoadifferentroomandthinkingaboutdifferentthings.So,ifyouhaveaverybadmemory,itcouldbebecauseyouhavetoomuchonyourmind.Butwedoneedtokeepourmemorysharpbycontinuallyusingit,___42___whenweareover50yearsold.That'swhenwe'reatmoreriskofgettingbraindiseases.However,forgettingisnotalwaysabadthing!ltisunnecessaryforustorememberevery___43___oftheworldaroundus.That'ssomethingworthremembering!40.________41.________42.________43.________解析：名词environments“环境”，名词detail“细节”，副词especially“尤其；特别”，动词fail“失败”，名词appearance“出现；到场”。40.情态动词can后面跟动词原形，failus“欺骗我们”，故选D。41.physicalandmentalenvironments意为“身体和心理环境”，故选A。42.句意：但是，我们确实需要保持我们的记忆力敏锐，通过不断使用它，特别是当我们超过50岁。副词especially表示“尤其；特别”，表示强调，故选C。43.由forgettingisnotalwaysabadthing可知，下文应是表示“我们不必记住每个细节”，故选B。IV.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.44.Whatashame!lonlyrememberedthe________threewordsthatappearedonthescreen.(one)45.Theoldcouplewereledintoabighallwithlotsof________decorations.(color)46.The________oftheinterviewis20minutes,includinga5-minuteself-introduction.(long)47.Toliveahealthierlife,Billynowputs________saltthanbeforewhencooking.(little)48.Thenew007filmisfullofaction.Itkeepstheaudience________allthetime.(interest)49.DetectiveKenwasbusyworkingonsomeunsolved________thesedays.(robbery)50.Noonewasallowedto________thelabwhenDr.Derekwasdoinganexperiment.(entrance)51.Thephotosinthealbumrecordedallthe________momentsinmylife.(forget)解析：44.firstone是基数词或代词，表示数量；此处firstthreewords意为“前三个单词”，故填first。45.colorful设空处填形容词修饰名词decorations，故填形容词colorful“色彩斑斓的”。46.length定冠词the和介词of之间需填名词，thelengthof…意为“……的长度”，故填名词length“长度”。47.less由than可知，此处用little的比较级less“更少的”修饰不可数名词salt，故填less。48.interested“keepsb.+adj.”表示“使某人保持某种状态”，interesting“有趣的”表示事物，interested“感兴趣的”指人，故填interested。49.robberies可数名词robbery意为“盗窃（案）”，由some可知，用复数形式，故填robberies。50.enterbeallowedtodosth.意为“被允许做某事”，entrance“入口”是名词，对应的动词为enter“进入”，故填enter。51.unforgettable动词forget意为“忘记”，设空处填形容词修饰名词moments，unforgettablemoments意为“难忘的时刻”，故填unforgettable“难忘的”。v.Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired.52.Jennyhardlyhascoffeewithmilkinit.(改为反意疑问句)Jennyhardlyhascoffeewithmilkinit,________________?53.Lindakeptpracticingsothatshecouldrememberallthelinesintheplay.(保持基本句意不变)Lindakeptpracticing________________torememberallthelinesintheplay.54.Toaddvariety,someframesincomicstripsareleftwithoutborders.(对划线部分提问)________________someframesincomicstripsleftwithoutborders?55.Mumalwayssaystome,"Don'ttalkwithmouthfull”(改为简单旬)Mumalwaystellsme________________talkwithmouthfull.56.Jackdoesn'tlistentocustomerspatiently.Stevedoesn'tlistentocustomerspatiently,either.(合并两句为一句)________JacknorSteve________tocustomerspatiently.57.DuringtheOlympicGames,playersusedapowerfulAlplatformtomonitorthematch.(改为被动语态)DuringtheOlympicGames,apowerfulAlplatform________________tomonitorthematchbyplayers.58.next,hisstudents,todo,isshowing,what,ProfessorWhite(连词成句)________________________________________________________________________________________解析：52.doesshe反义疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”，陈述部分有否定词hardly，所以疑问部分用肯定式。陈述句部分是一般现在时，谓语动词是实义动词，且主语是第三人称单数，所以借助助动词does，人称代词用she代指Jenny，故填does；she。53.inorder/soassothat此处引导目的状语从句，可用短语inordertodo或soastodo替代从句，故填inorder或soas。54.Whyare画线部分是句子的目的状语，所以提问时用特殊疑问词Why“为什么”提问，句子是一般现在时的被动语态，所以将be动词are提到主语someframes前，故填Why；are。55.nottotellsb.nottodosth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，故填not；to。56.Neitherlistensneither…nor…表示“两者都不”，且并列作主语时，谓语动词需遵循就近原则，句子是一般现在时，Steve是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用三单形式listens，故填Neither；listens。57.wasused原句是一般过去时，所以改写的句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/weredone结构，因主语apowerfulAIplatform是单数，所以用was，故填was；used。58.ProfessorWhiteisshowinghisstudentswhattodonext.ReadingandWritingA.Choosethebestanswer.59.Thistextmainlytellsthereadershowto____.A.enjoyaroadtrip B.planaroadtripC.keeproadtripssafe D.preparearoadtrip答案：D答案来源：60.Tomakeroadtripssafeandfun,peoplecanfollow____suggestedtips.A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5答案：C61.Todrivers,____isconsideredworsethancomplaintsaboutalongjourney.A.feelingexhausted B.travellingwithhungrypassengersC.gettinglost D.lookingforcoolplaces答案：A答案来源：62.____maybetherightthingtotakeforkidstokillthetimeontheroad.A.Desktops B.Medicine C.Games D.Fruits答案：A答案来源：63.Tips____mentionedabovecanpromiseyouasaferoadtrip.A.①3 B.①④ C.③④ D.②③答案：B64.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebestmissingslogan(标语)?A.YOUAREGOODTOGo! B.THEPOWEROFPREPARATION!C.TOBEINDEPENDENTMAN! DWE'LLBETHEREFORYOU!答案：BTHEPOWEROFPREPARATION!准备的力量B.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethedialogue.Jill:lwasreadingasciencemagazinecalledNatureyesterday.lthadsomeinterestingarticlesaboutlife100yearsfromnow.Theytalkedofmanykindsofdevelopmentin____65____whichwouldallowpeopletolivetobe110years.Martha:Oh,lwouldn'tlikethatatall.lamquitesatisfiedwithlivingfor70or80years.ldon'twanttoliveanylongerthanthat.lwouldhatetogetsooldthatlcouldnot____66____myself.Aslongaslkeepfitandhealthy.Iamhappy,butldon'twanttobecomeoldanduselesstosociety.Jill:Well,themagazinealsotalkedaboutotherthingsthatwouldhappeninthefuture.Forexample,themajorityofpeoplewillnottraveltoworkbutworkfrom____67____.Mostindustrieswillbeoperatedbyrobotsandcontrolledbycomputers.Manypeoplewillspendlesstimeatwork,buttheywillspendtimedoingotherthingssuchaslookingaftertheirparents.Martha:Thatsounds____68____aswell.lenjoyworkingandlwanttocontinuetoworkthroughoutmylife.lsupposethismagazinealsotalkedabouttechnologyinthehome.Jill:Yes.itdid.The____69____ofeveryonehavingahomecomputerwhichwoulddoeverythingforyouwasdiscussed.Forexample,itwouldprepareyourfood,playmusicandvideosonrequestandmakevideophonecallsforyou.lwouldlovethat!Itseemsfairlycertainthatsomepeoplecouldhavethesecomputersinjustafewyears’time.Martha:Thepoorpeople.____70____,willnothaveenoughfoodtoeatandtherewillnotbeenoughmedicalcaretokeepthemhealthy.Allthistalkofthewonderfulfuturethatnewdrugsandnewtechnologywillbringisonlyforrichpeopleintherichcountries.lhope100yearsfromnowwewillhavenopoverty(贫穷).Thatisthebiggestchallengefacingusinthe21stcentury.Jill:lsupposeyouareright,Martha.Butlwouldliketoseethe22ndcenturyaswell.65.A.education B.environment C.medicine D.relationship66.A.lookafter B.wakeup C.growup D.laughat67.A.space B.hospitals C.offices D.home68.A.common B.serious C.awful D.amusing69.A.tradition B.possibility C.knowledge D.survey70.A.however B.suchas C.besides D.aboveall解析：65.Ceducation教育，environment环境，medicine药，relationship关系；根据下文whichwouldallowpeopletolivetobe110years可知，此处应是指药方面的发展，故选C。66.Alookafter照顾，wakeup唤醒，growup成长，laughat嘲笑；句意：我会讨厌自己老到自己不能照顾自己。故选A。67.Dspace空间，hospital医院，offices办公室，home家；themajorityofpeoplewillnottraveltowork…意为“大部分人将不在远距离上班，而是在家工作”，故选D。68.Ccommon“共同的”，serious“严重的”，awful“让人讨厌的”，amusing“有趣的”；根据lenjoyworkingandlwanttocontinuetoworkthroughoutmylife可知，Martha也不喜欢这一变化，故选C。69.Btradition“传统”，possibility“可能性”，knowledge“知识”，survey“调查”；句意“每个人都有一台可以为你做任何事情的家用电脑”，故选B。70.A由下文Allthistalkofthewonderfulfuturethatnewdrugsandnewtechnologywillbringisonlyforrichpeopleintherichcountries可知，对于穷人来说，然而，可能没有足够的食物和药品，表示转折，故选A。C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.EveryThursday,astorytellernamedMissJonesvisitsAnna'sclass.Atfirst，AnnaandherfriendsthoughtthatMissJonesvisitswouldbeb___71___.Wasn'tstorytimeonlyforlittlekids?Theysoonrealizeditwasn't.AnnathoughtlisteningtoMissJoneswouldbelikewatchingamoviewithoutanyspecialeffects.MissJonesstorytellingwassodramatic,shedidn'tneedanythingmorethanherselftotellagoodstory.Sometimestheclassfeltliketheywereinatt___72___withwatchingaplay!Soon,AnnaandherclassmateswerealwaysexcitedforThursday.EverytimeMissJonescametoclass,shetoldadifferentkindofstory.ThefirsttimeMissJonescametoclass,shetoldusaboutashipcaptainwhowaslostaloneatsea.Theclasslistenedverycarefully.Everywantedtoknowhowthestorye___73___.Someofthestorieswerefairytalesfromothercountries.Othersweretrueseriesaboutthingsthathada___74___happenedtoMissJonesandherfamily.Onceshetoldataleaboutaselfishlobster(龙虾)thatturnedgreen.Thisstoryseemedsillyatfirst,butitturnedouttobeaverysadstory.YouneverknewwhatyouwouldhearwhenMissJonesstartedtotalk.Lastweek,MissJonestoldtheclassthatitwastheirturntotellherastory.Shedidn'tcarehowtheydidit.Theyjustneededtofindawaytotellanimaginativestory.Annaplannedonwritingas___75___foraplayandhavingherfriendsperformitfortheclass.OnceAnnahadwrittenherplay,sherealizedthatherplanmightnotbesoeasy.Herplayhadpartsforeightactors.Shefoundeightpeopletobeinit,buteveryone'sschedulesweresod___76___thatshecouldn'tgettheminoneplacetopractice.Sheworriedthattheywouldnotlearntheirlinesintime!AnnatoldMissJonesaboutherp___77___.MissJonessaidthatAnnamighthavetofindanimaginativewaytotellherstory.AnnathoughtcarefullyaboutwhatshehadlearntinMissJones'classandcameupwithagoodidea....71.________72.________73.________74.________75.________76.________77.________解析：71.boring设空处填形容词作be动词的表语，根据首字母及下文Wasn’tstorytimeonlyforlittlekids可知，他们认为会是无聊的，故填形容词boring“无聊的”。72.theatre由a可知，设空处填单数名词，根据watchingaplay可知，此处是“像是在剧院里”，故填名词theatre。73.ended设空处填动词作从句的谓语，每个人学生都想知道故事的结局，end“结束”，主句是一般过去时，故填ended。74.already/actuallyhadhappened是过去完成时，中间填副词already“已经”或actually“实际上”。75.scriptascriptforaplay意为“一出戏的剧本”，故填名词script“剧本”。76.different但是八个人的时间都不同，所以她没办法让大家统一出现练习，故填形容词different“不同的”。77.problemtellsb.aboutsth.意为“告诉某人某事”，所以填名词；Anna告诉Jones小姐她的问题，故填名词problem。D.Answerthequestions.lamMari.lliveinFlint,Michigan.Aboutfiveyearsago,ourwaterbegantosmellfunny.Myfamilystartedgettingreallybadskinproblems.Mylittlesisterneededspecialmedicine.Shewasn'ttheonlykidinFlintwhogotsosick.Somepeoplesufferedfrombadheadaches.Othershadstomachache.Acrossthecity,peoplecomplainedthatsomethingwasseriouslywrongwiththeirtapwater.Ourwaterwaspolluted.Wecouldn'tdrinkorcookwiththewaterfromourtap.Wehadtousebottledwaterfordrinking,cooking,andbrushingourteeth.Theonlysafewaytotakebathswastoheatupwaterfrombottles.In2015,whenlwas8yearsold,ldecidedtospeakupforthepeopleofFlint.lwrotealettertothen-presidentBarackObamatoaskhimforhelp.Inresponse,hecametospeakwithourcommunity.Igottomeethim.Butlwantedtodomore.MyfriendsandfamilyhelpedmestartacampaignforFlintOurgoalwastoraise$15,000.Sofar,we'vecollected$280,000!Forthepastfewyears,I'vebeengivingoutbottlesofwaterandnewwaterfilters(过滤器)topeopleinmycity.ManypeopleinFlintstillcan'tusetheirtapwater.l'vealsousedsocialmediatoaskpeoplearoundtheworldforhelp.lhavemorethan100,000followersontheInternet,includingfamouspeopleandregularpeoplefromdifferentcountries.MostpeoplenowknowmeasLittleMissFlint.I'mproudthatlamabletohelpmyneighborsgetcleanwater.I'llcontinueuntileverysingleFlintcitizenfeelssafedrinkingthewaterfromtheirtaps.IalsowantpeopletorealizethatFlintisn'ttheonlyplacewithwaterissues.It'simportantforusalltoaskquestionsaboutwhat'sinthewateratschoolandathome.MygoalistorunforU.S.presidentin2044assoonasI'moldenough.Butyoudon'thavetobeanadulttochangetheworld.Itstartswithhelpingoutinyourowncommunity.Youhaveavoiceandtheabilitytomakethatvoiceheard.Don'tletanyonestopyo