英国文学史期末复习重点总结

EnglishLiteratureReviewTypesofquestionsⅠ.Matchingwritersandworks

(10’)

Ⅱ.MultipleChoice(15’)Ⅲ.Blankfilling(10’)

Ⅳ.Terms(3×5’=15’)Ⅴ.Answerquestions(2×10’=20’)Ⅵ.Poem

Appreciation（5’+10’=15’）Ⅶ.Criticalquestions.

(15’)Whatwe’velearned?TheAnglo-SaxonPeriodTheAnglo-NormanPeriodThe14thcenturyTheRenaissanceThe17thcenturyThe18thcenturyThe19thcenturyThe20thcenturyBeowulfSirGawainandtheGreenKnightGeoffreyChaucerWilliamShakespeare4Johns:JohnMilton&JohnBunyanNeo-classicism;RealisticNovel;Sentimentalism，Pre-romanticismRomanticism;CriticalRealismStreamofConsciousnessAnglo-Saxon449-1066ThreepaganAngles,Saxons,andJutes,

fromDenmarkandnorthernGermanycamearound450---600ADEngland’snatinal

epic:

ThesongofBeowulfAlliterationisadevicewithcertainaccentedwordsinalinebeginningwiththesameconsonantsound.

p3Anglo-NormanPeriod1066,

TheNormanConquest

thebattleofHastings

William,DukeofNormandywin

P17-18MetricalRomance:theculminationoftheArthurianromancesSirGawainandtheGreenKnightGeoffreyChaucerTheMiddleClassAuthor“FatherofEnglishpoetry”:

ChaucerintroducedfromFrancetherhymedstanzas---heroiccouplet.

heroiccouplet:isarhymedcoupletofiambicpentameter.ForerunnerofEnglishRenaissanceandhumanismThefounderofEnglishrealism/ThefirstrealisticwriterfirsttobeburiedinthePoet’sCornerofWestminsterAbbeyTheCanterburyTalesp43-45EnglishRenaissancePoet:ThomasWyatt,EdmundSpenserThomasWyattwasthefirsttointroducethesonnetintoEnglishliterature.

EdmundSpenser:(epic)TheFairyQueen

Essayist:

FrancisBaconPlaywright:

ChristopherMarlowe

WilliamShakespeare

ChristopherMarloweisthegreatestofthepioneersofEnglishdrama.Hemakesblankversetheprincipalvehicleofexpressionindrama.P67-68(1520s---1620s)P67TheRenaissanceandhumanism

wasanintellectualmovement.ItsprangfromfirstinItalyinthe14thcenturyandgraduallyspreadalloverEurope.Twofeaturesarestriking.TheoneisathirstingcuriosityfortheclassicalliteratureoftheGreekandLatin.Anotherfeatureisthekeeninterestintheactivitiesofhumanity.Humanismisthekey-noteoftheRenaissance.

Blankverseisaversewithunrhymed(rhymeless)iambicpentameter.

Sonnetisafourteen-linepoeminiambicpentameterwithacarefullypatternedrhymescheme.WilliamShakespeareGreatcomedies:?Greattragedies:?

p71-72Sonnet18p118TheMerchantofVeniceGreatcomedies:AMidsummerNight’sDreamTheMerchantofVenice

AsYouLikeItTwelfthNightPortia’scharacteristicsShylock’scharacteristicsThemeHamletGreattragedies:

HamletOthelloKingLearTheTragedyofMacbethTheimageofHamletTheMelancholyofHamletThe17thcenturyThePeriodofRevolution：theGloriousRevolutionin1688P130-131Metaphysicalpoet:JohnDonne;JohnMiltonJohnBunyanJohnDrydenJohnDonneandtheMetaphysicalPoetsMetaphysicalSchool:Theyareaschoolofpoetsatthebeginningofthe17thcentury,withJohnDonneasthefounder.Theirworksaregenerallycharacterizedbymysticismandobscurityincontentandfantasticalityandconceitinform.Theyareknownfortheirexcessiveuseofphilosophyanddeliberateshow-offoftheirclevernessandlearning.

JohnDryden(1631-1700)Apoet,playwrightandcriticThePoetLaureate/TheLaureateHeestablishedtheheroiccoupletasoneoftheprincipalEnglishverseformsTheforerunneroftheEnglishclassicism.

ParadiseLost《失乐园》ParadiseRegain《复乐园》SamsonAgonistes《力士参孙》It’sallbasedonthestoryoftheOldTestamentoftheBiblealongepicin12books,writteninblankverseJohnMilton’sworksParadiseLost《失乐园》alongepicin12books,writteninblankverse

ImageofSatanThemeBunyanThePilgrim’sProgressareligiousallegoryThejourneyofamannamedChristanThe18thCentury:

TheAgeofEnlightenment

theageofreason

theageofprose

TheEnlightenmentTheEnlightenmentisaprogressiveintellectualmovementthatcelebratesreason,equality,scienceandhumanabilitytoperfectthemselvesandtheirsociety.Literatureofthe18thcenturyItisanageofproseratherthanpoetry.

p166

Literaltrends:

Neoclassicism:Thenovel:Sentimentalism:pre-romanticism:

Addison，Steele，PopeDefoe,Fielding,Smollet,Richardson,SwiftGoldsmith,Sterne,Gray

Blake,BurnsPope:

authorityinmattersofliteraryart;

madeheroiccoupletpopularinpoemwriting;masterof

satire

andheroiccouplet

p1671.Neo-Classicism

★Classicismemphasizesthetraditionalandtheuniversal,andplacesvalueonreason,clarity,balance,andorder.

--controlliterarycreationbyfixedlawandrules(order,logic,restrainedemotionsandaccuracy)★

Classicism,withitsconcernforreasonanduniversalthemes,istraditionallyopposedtoRomanticism,whichisconcernedwithemotionsandpersonalthemes.2.The18thcenturynovel

p167-168DanielDefoe

RobinsonCrusoeHenryFielding(realfounder)

TomJonesSamuelRichardson:

PamelaJonathanSwift(amasterofsatire)Gulliver’sTravelsPlay:RichardBrinsleySheridanTheschoolforscandalThesignificance(theme)ofthenovelRobinsonCrusoeJonathanSwiftworks:TheBattleoftheBooks《书的战争》TheTaleofaTub《木桶的故事》Gulliver’sTravels

《格列佛游记》LilliputBrobdingnag

Theflyingislandof

Laputa

Houyhnhnms

3.Sentimentalism;Pre-romanticismP169Gothicnovel--flourishedinthelastdecades--mysteryandterror——“novelofhorrors”Pre-romanticism(poem)--WilliamBlake--RobertBurnsEnglishRomanticism

beginsin1798withthepublicationofWordsworthandColeridge’s

The

LyricalBalladsendsin1832withWalter

Scott’sdeath.TheFrenchRevolution

andtheEnglish

IndustrialRevolution

exertgreatinfluenceonEnglishRomanticism.P1-2RomanticLiteraturep4Poetry:

Lakepoets

Romanticpoets(SatanicSchool)

essaysCharlesLambnovel:WaltScottJaneAustenconservativerevolutionaryWordsworth,Coleridge,SoutheyByron,Shelley,andKeats27HistoricalnovelsHazlitt,DeQuincey,Huntp132GeneralFeaturesofRomanticism1.Anemphasisonsubjectivism(feeling,imagination,intuition)2.Alovefornature3.Abeliefinindividualityandfreedom4.Theglorificationofthecommonplace5.Aninterestinthepast,theunusual,theunfamiliar,themysterious,thesupernatural…(imagination)6.Afeelingofloneliness(dissatisfactionwiththereality)Romanticismisarevoltagainstauthorityandtradition.JaneAusten(1775-1817)PrideandPrejudice(1796)NorthangerAbbey

(1798)《诺桑觉寺》SenseandSensibility(1811)《理智与情感》Emma(1815)《爱玛》MansfieldPark《曼斯菲尔德公园》Persuasion《好事多磨》DifferentkindsofattitudetowardsmarriageThe19thcenturyVictorianperiod(1832-1902)Chartismp151CriticalRealistCharlesDickensWilliamMakepeaceThackerayCharlotteBronteElizabethGaskellGeorgeEliotpoets:Tennyson,Browning,Swinburnep155ThomasHardyCriticalrealism1.Criticize2.Sympathy3.humorandsatire4.weaknessWilliamMakepeaceThackeray1811-1863AsatiricalportrayaloftheupperstrataofsocietyP191

VanityFair《名利场》GeorgeEliotp.211AdamBede

《亚当·比德》TheMillontheFloss

《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》SilasMarner

《织工马南传》CharlotteBronteTheProfessor《教授》JaneEyre

《简·爱》Shirley

《雪丽》Villette

《维洛特》EmilyBronte1818-1848Heronlynovel:WutheringHeightsThe20thCenturyThomasHardyD.H.LawrencePlaywrights:OscarWilde,“artforart’ssake”p374-376G.B.ShawStreamofConsciousnessnovelist:VirginiaWoolfJamesJoyceThelocal-coloredworksareknownas“novelsofcharacterandenvironment.”1891:TessoftheD’Urbervilles《德伯家的苔丝》