项目4 任务 4 叠加阀控制回路的安装与调试

叠加阀控制回路的安装与调试InstallationandCommissioningofSandwichValveControlCircuits任务4Task4任务描述TaskDescription1了解叠加阀的优缺点，以及组装步骤，常用的叠加阀回路有那几种？叠加阀组中起控制作用的阀的类型有很多种，每种类型的区别是什么？还有其他那些不同的阀组？Understandtheadvantagesandshortagesofsandwichvalvesandtheirassemblingprocedures,andwhatarethecommonlyusedsandwichvalvecircuits?Therearemanytypesofvalvesusedascontrolsinsandwichvalvebank,whatisthedifferenceofeachtype?Whatelsevalvebanksarethere?叠加阀及系统的介绍IntroductiontoSandwichValveandSystem2叠加阀简介叠加阀是在集成块和油路板的基础上发展起来的新型元件。它具有结构紧凑、体积小、维修简单等优点。用叠加阀组成的液压系统,不需要另外的连接件,以自身的阀体作为连接体,直接叠合而成,见图4-4-1。Briefintroductionofsandwichvalve:thesandwichvalveisanovelcomponentdevelopedonthebasisofintegratedpackageandmanifold.Itisfeaturedincompactstructure,smallsize,simplemaintenanceandrepair,etc.Ahydraulicsystemconsistingofsandwichvalvesdonotneedadditionalconnectors,asthesystemisformedbysuperposingthevalvesthatareconnectedbytheirownbodies,asshowninFigure4-4-1.1进油节流调速回路Oil-inletThrottleSpeedRegulatingCircuitFigure4-4-1TripleSandwichValveBank叠加阀的组装AssemblingofSandwichValve31根据液压回路设计，先叠放叠加阀与电磁换向阀，将叠加阀带O型圈的一面朝向基础板。Accordingtothedesignofhydrauliccircuit,superposethesandwichvalveandthesolenoidreversingvalveatfirst,wherethesideofsandwichvalvewithOringshallfacethebaseplate.2在叠加阀插进螺栓之前，确认叠加阀的油孔位置正确无误，对齐叠加阀螺丝安装孔。Beforeinsertingboltsintothesandwichvalve,confirmwhethertheoilportlocationofsandwichvalveiscorrect,andalignthescrewmountingholesofsandwichvalve.3插进叠加阀专用安装螺丝，确保每个螺丝均用规定扭力拧紧。Insertthespecialmountingscrewsofsandwichvalve,ensuringthateveryscrewisfastenedwithspecifiedtorque.常用的叠加回路CommonlyUsedSandwichCircuits4图4-4-2所示为单向节流阀的进油节流调速回路，单向节流阀8位于执行机构7的进油路上，适用于以正载荷操作的液压缸。这种回路效率低，调速范围大，适用于轻载低速工况。在这个回路中需要的油管的数量与前面板式阀搭建的进油口节流调速相比大大减少。Figure4-4-2showstheoil-inletthrottlespeedregulatingcircuitofone-waythrottlevalve,wheretheone-waythrottlevalve8islocatedontheoil-inletpathofactuatingmechanism7andsuitableforthehydrauliccylinderoperatedunderpositiveload.Thiscircuithaslowefficiency,largespeedregulatingrange,andissuitableforlowloadandlowspeedworkingconditions.Thequantityofoilpipesrequiredinthiscircuitisgreatlyreduced,ascomparedtotheoil-inletthrottlespeedregulationconsistingoffrontpaneltypevalve.1叠加式进油节流调速回路SandwichOil-inletThrottleSpeedRegulatingCircuitFigure4-4-2SandwichOil-inletThrottleSpeedRegulatingCircuit常用的叠加回路CommonlyUsedSandwichCircuits4在图4-4-2所示中用到的叠加式节流阀的实物图如图4-4-3（a）所示，通过调节右侧旋钮就可以调节进油口的流量。从而可以调节液压缸伸出的速度。外加图4-4-2（b）所示手动H型三位四通电磁换向阀换向。TherealsandwichthrottlevalveusedintheexampleofFigure4-4-2isasshowninFigure4-4-3(a),wheretheflowrateofoilinletcanberegulatedbyadjustingtheknobontherightside.Thehydrauliccylinderextendingspeedcanberegulatedthereby.Inaddition,themanualHtypethree-positionfour-waysolenoidreversingvalveshowninFigure4-4-2(b)isusedforcommutation.Figure4-4-3SandwichValveBanka)MSBTypeSandwichOil-inletThrottleValve(b)ManualHTypeThree-positionFour-waySolenoidReversingValve常用的叠加回路CommonlyUsedSandwichCircuits4图4-4-4所示为单向节流阀的回油节流调速回路，单向节流阀8位于执行机构7的回油路上，适用于工作执行元件产生负载荷或载荷突然减少的情况。液压泵的输出压力为溢流阀的调定压力，与载荷无关，效率较低。但它的优点是可产生背压，能抗拒负的载荷产生，防止突进。Figure4-4-4showstheoil-returnthrottlespeedregulatingcircuitofone-waythrottlevalve,wheretheone-waythrottlevalve8islocatedontheoilreturnpathofactuatingmechanism7andsuitableforthescenariothattheworkingactuatingcomponentsgenerateloadortheloadreducessuddenly.Theoutputpressureofhydraulicpumpistheregulatedpressureofoverflowvalvethatisnotrelatedwiththeload,thustheefficiencyislow.However,itisabletogeneratebackpressure,preventtheoccurrenceofnegativeloadandpreventonrush.2叠加式回油节流调速回路

SandwichOil-returnThrottleSpeedRegulatingCircuitFigure4-4-4SandwichOil-returnThrottleSpeedRegulatingCircuit常用的叠加回路CommonlyUsedSandwichCircuits4在图4-4-4所示中用到的叠加式节流阀的实物图如图4-4-5（a）所示，通过调节左侧旋钮就可以调节回油口的流量。从而可以调节液压缸伸出的速度，外加图4-4-4（b）所示手动H型三位四通电磁换向阀换向。TherealsandwichthrottlevalveusedintheexampleofFigure4-4-4isasshowninFigure4-4-5(a),wheretheflowrateofoilreturncanberegulatedbyadjustingtheknobontheleftside.Thehydrauliccylinderextendingspeedcanberegulatedthereby.Inaddition,themanualHtypethree-positionfour-waysolenoidreversingvalveasshowninFigure4-4-4(b)isusedforcommutation.Figure4-4-5SandwichValveBank常用的叠加回路CommonlyUsedSandwichCircuits4锁紧回路的功能是使工作部件能在任意位置上停留,以及在停止工作时,防止在受力的情况下发生移动。Lockingcircuitenablesaworkingparttostayinanylocation,andpreventsthepartagainstmovementunderstressiftheworkisstopped.

2叠加式锁紧回路SandwichLockingCircuitFigure4-4-6HydraulicallyControlledCheckValveLockingCircuit常用的叠加回路CommonlyUsedSandwichCircuits4在图4-4-6所示中用到的叠加式液压锁的实物图如图4-4-7（a）所示。TherealsandwichhydrauliclockusedintheexampleofFigure4-4-6isasshowninFigure4-4-7(a).Figure4-4-5SandwichValveBank常用的叠加回路CommonlyUsedSandwichCircuits4如果对比图4-4-7所示板式阀的液控锁回路连接与调试，会发现使用叠加式液控锁回路可以省去很多的管路，而且在管路连接时不容易出错。ComparingwiththeconnectionandcommissioningofthehydraulicallycontrolledlockingcircuitoftheplatevalveshowninFigure4-4-7,itcanbefoundthatmanypipescanbeomittedbyusingthesandwichhydraulicallycontrolledlockingcircuit,anditisnoteasytomakemistakeswhenconnectingthepipesFigure4-4-8Schematic