项目5 任务 1 气压传动系统的工作原理及组成

气压传动系统的工作原理及组成WorkingPrincipleandCompositionofPneumaticTransmissionSystem任务1Task1任务描述TaskDescription1了解气压传动的工作原理，以及气压传动系统的组成，那么常用的气压传动的应用场合主要有哪些那？Proportionalcontrolvalvereferstothevalvethatconvertsthesmall-powerelectriccurrentinputintoamplifiedhydraulicpower(loadpressureandloadflow)outputbyamplifyingcomponentsinelectrohydraulicservosystem,inordertocontrolthedisplacement,speed,accelerationandforceofactuatingcomponents.Whatarethecommonlyusedproportionalcontrolvalves?Whataretheinstallationprecautions?气压传动系统的工作原理WorkingPrincipleofPneumaticTransmissionSystem2气压传动，是以压缩空气为工作介质进行能量传递和信号传递的一门技术。气压传动的工作原理是利用空压机把电动机或其它原动机输出的机械能转换为空气的压力能，然后在控制元件的作用下，通过执行元件把压力能转换为直线运动或回转运动形式的机械能，从而完成各种动作，并对外做功。气动传动是以压缩空气为传动介质，空气可以方便获得，用过的气体也可方便排出，避免了液压传动中由于泄露造成的污染等一系列问题。Pneumatictransmissionisatechniquewhichdeliversenergyandsignalbyusingcompressedairasworkingmedium.Theworkingprincipleofpneumatictransmissionthatanaircompressorconvertsthemechanicalenergyoutputfromanelectricmotororotherprimemoverintotheairpressureenergy,thenactuatingcomponentconvertsthepressureenergyintomechanicalenergyintheformoflinearorrotatingmovementundertheeffectofcontrolcomponent,soastocompletevariousactionsandtodoexternalwork.Pneumatictransmissionusescompressedairastransmissionmedium;aircanbeconvenientlyobtainedandtheusedgascanalsobeconvenientlydischarged,sotheseriesproblemsofpollutioncausedbyleakageofhydraulictransmissioncanbeavoided.气压传动系统的工作原理WorkingPrincipleofPneumaticTransmissionSystem2的气动机械手是自动生产设备和生产线上的重要装置之一，它可以根据各种自动化设备的工作需要，按照预定的控制程序动作，因此，在机械加工、冲压、锻造、铸造、装配和热处理等生产过程中被广泛用来搬运工件，借以减轻工人的劳动强度，也可实现自动取料、上料、卸料和自动换刀的功能。气动机械手是机械手的一种，它具有结构简单，自重小，动作迅速、平稳、可靠和节能等优点。ThepneumaticmanipulatorshowninFigure5-1-1isoneoftheimportantdevicesofautomaticproductionequipmentandproductionline.Itactsaccordingtopredeterminedcontrolprogramsbasedontheoperationalneedsofvariouskindsofautomatedequipment.Therefore,itiswidelyusedinmachining,stamping,forging,casting,assembling,heattreatmentandthelikeforhandlingworkpieces,soastoreducethelaborintensityofworkers.Itcanalsobeusedforachievingthefunctionssuchasautomaticmaterialfetching,loading,unloadingandautomatictoolchanging.Pneumaticmanipulatorisakindofmanipulator,whichisfeaturedinsimplestructure,smalldeadweight,quickaction,stability,reliabilityandenergy-saving,etc.Figure5-1-1PneumaticManipulator气压传动系统的组成CompositionofPneumaticTransmissionSystem3气压传动系统和液压传动系统类似，也是由四部分组成的，它们是：

Similartothehydraulictransmissionsystem,thepneumatictransmissionsystemalsoconsistsoffourparts,including:(1)气源装置是获得压缩空气的装置。其主体部分是空气压缩机，它将原动机供给的机械能转变为气体的压力能；(1)Airsupplydevice,whichisthedeviceforobtainingcompressedair.Itsmainpartisanaircompressorthatconvertsthemechanicalenergyofprimemoverintoairpressureenergy(2)控制元件是用来控制压缩空气的压力、流量和流动方向的，以便使执行机构完成预定的工作循环，它包括各种压力控制阀、流量控制阀和方向控制阀等；(2)Controlcomponent,whichisusedforcontrollingthepressure,flowrateandflowdirectionofthecompressedair,suchthattheactuatingmechanismcancompletepredeterminedworkingcycle;thesecomponentsincludevariouspressurecontrolvalves,flowcontrolvalvesanddirectionalcontrolvalves,etc.;气压传动系统的组成CompositionofPneumaticTransmissionSystem3(3)执行元件是将气体的压力能转换成机械能的一种能量转换装置。它包括实现直线往复运动的气缸和实现连续回转运动或摆动的气马达或摆动马在等；(3)Actuatingcomponent,referringtoanenergyconvertingdevicethatconvertstheairpressureenergyintomechanicalenergy.Itincludestheaircylinderforrealizinglinearreciprocatingmovementandthepneumaticmotororswingmotorforrealizingcontinuousrotatingorswingingmovement;(4)辅助元件是保证压缩空气的净化、元件的润滑、元件间的连接及消声等所必须的，它包括过滤器、油雾器、管接头及消声器等。(4)Auxiliarycomponent,whichisnecessarytoensurethepurificationofcompressedair,thelubricationofcomponents,theconnectionandmufflingbetweencomponents,etc.,includingfilter,atomizedlubricator,pipejointandmuffler,etc.任务实施Taskimplementation41通过网络查询哪些传动系统中使用气压传动，举出三个实例。1Querywhattransmissionsystemsareusingpneumatictransmissionthroughnetwork,andgivethreeexamples.2分组并讨论。按照3-5个人进行分组，然后就气压传动的特点进行讨论，并说明与其他传动的不同。最后，每一个组进行汇报。2Groupinganddiscussion:Groupin3-5persons,anddiscussthecharacteristicsofpneumatictransmission,a