考研《英语一》西安市户县2023年巅峰冲刺试卷含解析

考研《英语一》西安市户县2023年巅峰冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Yearsago,inasmallfishingvillageinHolland,ayoungboytaughttheworldabouttherewardsofunselfishservice.Becausetheentirevillage1thefishingindustry,avolunteerrescueteamwasneededincasesof2Onenightastrongstormcapsizedafishingboatatsea.Introuble,the3sentouttheS.O.Simmediately.Spottingthesignal,thecaptainoftherescueteamsoundedthealarmandthevillagers4onthebeach.Whiletheteam5theirwaythroughthewildwaves,thevillagerswaitedanxiously,holdinglanternstolighttheway6Anhourlater,therescueboat7andthevillagersrantogreetthem.The8reportedthattherescueboatcouldn’tholdanymore9andtheyhadtoleaveonemanbehind.Evenonemorewouldhave10capsizedtherescueboatandallwouldhavebeenlost.Therefore,thecaptaincalledforanothervolunteerteamtogoafterthelonely11Sixteen-year-oldHans12forward.Hismothergrabbed(抓住)hisarmandsaid,“Pleasedon’tgo.Yourolderbrother,Paul,hasbeenlostatseaforthreeweeks.Hans,youareallIhave13”Hansreplied,“Mother,Ihavetogo.Whatifeveryonesaid,‘Ican’tgo,let14elsedoit?’Whenthecallfor15comes,weallneedtotakeourturnanddoour16”Hanskissedhismother,17theteamanddisappearedintothenight.Anotherhourpassed,whichseemedtoHans’mother18acentury.Finally,therescueboatreappearedinthefogwithHans19ontheboat.Andhe20yelled,“Wefoundhim.Tellmymotherit’smyolderbrother,Paul!”1、A．dependedon B．sufferedfrom C．turnedaway D．gotthrough2、A．struggle B．preparation C．consequence D．emergency3、A．groups B．family C．crew D．army4、A．traded B．gathered C．shouted D．separated5、A．lost B．went C．felt D．fought6、A．back B．up C．ahead D．down7、A．appeared B．followed C．returned D．succeeded8、A．journalists B．volunteers C．villagers D．policemen9、A．soldiers B．guests C．patients D．passengers10、A．hardly B．gradually C．surely D．rudely11、A．son B．survivor C．traveller D．brother12、A．stepped B．looked C．put D．threw13、A．taken B．received C．left D．wanted14、A．everyone B．someone C．anyone D．noone15、A．service B．protection C．relief D．sacrifice16、A．part B．lesson C．business D．exercise17、A．built B．trained C．managed D．joined18、A．for B．with C．like D．at19、A．working B．standing C．running D．fishing20、A．calmly B．worriedly C．sincerely D．excitedlySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Itwasathercompany’sannualpicnicthatmymothermetmyfather,andhewalkedherhome.Thenextweek,fromhishomeinChicago,hesentherapostcard:Remembermeplease.Dobecallingyouoneofthesedays.—David.Shestillhasthatpostcard.Iamnotsurewhatmadehersave.Thoughhealreadyhadhisheartsetonher,shehadn'tchosenhimyet,atleastnotconsciously.Myfather,asalesmanforabigelectronicscompany,oftentolduswhileweweregrowingup,itwasblindluckthathewasatthepicnicthatday.HewasintowntomeetwithclientsandhappenedtostopbythebranchofficethatSaturdaymorningtomakeacall.Itwasthemanagerofalocalradiostationwheremymotherworkedasawriter.“Dave!Gladyou’reintown!”hesaid,andinvitedhimtocomerightovertotheirannualpicnic.Latermymotherdatedhimwhenhewasintown.Eventually,onenightafewmonthslater,shewokehermotherandtoldhershewasgoingtomarryDave.Afewmonthsafterthewedding,myfatherwastransferredeast.TheysettledinNewYork,inthehousewhereIgrewup.SometimesIthinkhowtimegetsustogetherandputsusinacertainplacewherewe’refacedwithoneoptionoranother.Weleavebehindwhileotherslivebythechoicewemade.Wecouldhavelivedfullofdifferentpassionsandjoys,differentproblemsanddisappointments.Sometimes,particularlywhenIcamehomelatetoasleepinghouse,myhusbandanddaughtercurledaroundeachother.Ithinkabouttheliveswewouldnothavehadifchoiceshadbroughtustoadifferentplace.AndItrembleatthethoughtthatImighthavemissedthislife,thisman,thischild,thislove.1、Accordingtothetext,wheredidtheauthor’sparentscomeacross?A．Attheauthor’shome.B．Atalocalradiostation.C．Atherfather’scompany’spicnic.D．Athermother’scompany’spicnic.2、Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________.A．theauthor’sfatherdidn’tlikehermotherB．theauthor’smotheralwaysmaderightdecisionsC．theauthordidn’tbelievehermotherD．theauthor’smotherhadn’tdecidedtomarryherfatheratfirst3、Beforemeetingtheauthor'sfather,hermotherwas________.A．awriterB．amanagerC．ateacherD．asaleswoman4、Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A．Shevaluesherlifenow.B．Timemakesherlifenowperfect.C．Sheistiredofherlifenow.D．Herlifenowfacesproblemsanddisappointments.Text2Canyoutrustyourveryfirstchildhoodmemories?Maybenot,anewstudysuggests.Pastresearchesshowthatpeople'searliestmemoriestypicallyformaround3to3.5yearsofage.Butinarecentsurveyofmorethan6,600people,Britishscientistshavefoundthat39percentofparticipantsclaimedtohavememoriesfromage2oryounger.Thesefirstmemoriesarelikelyfalse,theresearcherssaid.Thiswasparticularlythecaseformiddle-agedandolderadults.Forthestudy,researchersaskedparticipantstodescribetheirfirstmemoryandtheageatwhichitoccurred.Participantsweretoldtheyhadtobesurethememorywastheonethathadhappened.Forexample,itshouldn'tbebasedonaphotograph,afamilystoryoranysourceotherthandirectexperiences.Thentheresearchersexaminedthecontent,languageanddescriptivedetailsoftheseearliestmemoriesandworkedoutthelikelyreasonswhypeoplewouldclaimtohavememoriesfromanagewhenmemoriescannotform.Asmanyofthesememoriesdatedbeforetheageof2,thissuggeststheywerenotbasedonactualfacts,butfactsorknowledgeabouttheirbabyhoodorchildhoodfromphotographsorfamilystories.Oftenthesefalsememoriesarefiredbyapartofanearlyexperience,suchasfamilyrelationshipsorfeelingsad,theresearchersexplained."Wesuggestthatwhataremembererhasinmindwhenrecallingfictionalearlymemoriesis…amentalrepresentationconsistingofrememberedpiecesofearlyexperiencesandsomefactsorknowledgeabouttheirownbabyhoodorchildhood,"studyauthorShaniaKantarsaidinajournalnewsrelease,"Additionally,furtherdetailsmaybeunconsciouslyinferredoradded.Suchmemory-likementalrepresentationscome~overtime,tobecollectivelyexperiencedwhentheycometomind,sofortheindividual,theyquitesimplyarememories,whichparticularlypointtobabyhood.""Importantly,thepersonrememberingthemdoesn'tknowthisisfictional,"studyco-authorMartinConwaysaid"Infact,whenpeoplearetoldthattheirmemoriesarefalsetheyoftendon'tbelieveit."1、Whatcanwelearnfromarecentstudy?A．Memoriesformaftertheageof3. B．ParticipantsaregoodattellingstoriesC．Adultsarelikelytoformfalsememories D．Earliestmemoriesmayplayatrickonus2、Whichsourcedidtheresearchersrequirefortheearliestmemories?A．Adirectexperience. B．Afamilystory.C．Afamilyphoto. D．Asadfeeling.3、WhatarethesefictionalearlymemoriesaccordingtoKantar?A．Theyarerepeatedmentalrepresentations.B．Theyareacollectionofearlyexperiences.C．Theyareacombinationofbothfactsandfictions.D．Theyarefurtherdetailsofrememberedexperiences.4、Whichpartofanewspaperisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Society. B．Psychology. C．Technology. D．Health.Text3Itisimportanttoprotectyourselffromharmfulrays.Butifyouthinkahigh-factorsunscreenkeepsyousafefromharmfulrays,youmaybewrong.Researchinthisweek’sNatureshowsthatwhilefactor50reducesthenumberofmelanomas（黑瘤）anddelaystheiroccurrence,itcan’tpreventthem.Melanomasarethemostaggressiveskincancers.Youhaveahigherriskifyouhaveredorblondhair,fairskin,blueorgreeneyes,orsunburneasily,orifacloserelativehashadone.Melanomasaremorecommonifyouhaveperiodicintenseexposuretothesun.Otherskincancersareincreasinglylikelywithlong-termexposure.Thereiscontinuingdebateastohoweffectivesunscreenisinreducingmelanomas–theevidenceisweakerthanitisforpreventingothertypesofskincancer.A2011Australianstudyof1,621peoplefoundthatpeoplerandomlyselectedtoapplysunscreendailyhadhalftherateofmelanomasofpeoplewhousedcreamasneeded.Asecondstudy,comparing1,167peoplewithmelanomasto1.101whodidn’thavethecancer,foundthatusingsunscreenroutinely,alongsideotherprotectionsuchashats,longsleevesorstayingintheshade,didgivesomeprotection.Thisstudysaidotherformsofsunprotection–nosunscreen–seemedmostbeneficial.Thestudyreliedonpeoplerememberingwhattheyhaddoneovereachdecadeoftheirlives,soit’snotentirelyreliable.Butitseemsreasonabletothinksunscreengivespeopleafalsesenseofsecurityinthesun.Manypeoplealsodon’tusesunscreenproperlyapplyinginsufficientamounts,failingtoreapplyafteracoupleofhoursandstayinginthesuntoolong.Itissunburnthatismostworrying–recentresearchshowsfiveepisodesofsunburnintheteenageyearsincreasestheriskofallskincancers.Thegoodnewsisthatacombinationofsunscreenandcoveringupcanreducemelanomarates,asshownbyAustralianfiguresfromtheirslip-slop-slapcampaign.Soifthereisaheatwavethissummer,itwouldbebestforus,too,tosliponashirt,usesunscreenandslaponahat.1、What’speople’scommonexpectationofhigh-factorsunscreen?A．Itwillprotectthemfromsunburn.B．Itwillkeeptheirskinsmoothadfair.C．Itwillworkforpeopleofanyskincolor.D．Itwilldelaytheoccurrenceofskincancer.2、Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A．Sunscreencanpreventallkindsofskincancers.B．Thestudiesarebasedondirectobservationofthesubjects.C．Thestudiesmayhelppeopleselectthemosteffectivesunscreen.D．Dailyapplicationofsunscreenhelpsreducetheincidenceofmelanomas.3、Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinordertoreducemelanomarates?A．Stayingintheshadewheneverpossible.B．Usingcoveringupinsteadofsunscreen.C．Usingbothcoveringupandsunscreen.D．Applyingtherightamountofsunscreen.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．NoWaytoStopHarmfulRays!B．DoesSunscreenPreventSkinCancer?C．DidYouUseSunscreenIntheRightWay?D．SkinCancer-TheBiggestThreattoHumanBeings!Text4Abitefromatsetseflyisanextremelyunpleasantexperience.Tomakemattersworse,severalspeciesoftsetseflycantransmitdiseases.Oneofthemostdangerousisaparasite(寄生虫)thatcauses"sleepingsickness".Aftertheinitialbite,sleepingsicknesssymptomsoftenstartwithafever,headachesandachingmuscles.Astheillnessgoeson,thoseinfectedbecomeincreasinglytired,whichiswhereitgetsitsname.Itisworthnotingthatsleepingsicknessisnolongerasdeadlyasitoncewas.Intheearly20thCenturyseveralhundredthousandpeoplewereinfectedeachyear.Bythe1960sthediseasewasconsidered"undercontrol"andhadreachedverylownumbers,makingitsspreadmoredifficult.Butinthe1970stherewasanothermajorinfection,whichtook20yearstocontrol.Sincethen,betterscreeningprogramsandearliertreatmentshavereducedthenumberofcasesdramatically.In2000thisfiguredroppedtofewerthan3,000.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)hopesthediseasewillbecompletelyremovedby2020.Moreproblematically,aseriesofnewstudieshaveshownthattheparasiteismorecomplicatedthanpreviouslybelieved.Sleepingsicknesshasalwaysbeenconsidered—andanalyzed—asablooddisease,becausetheparasitescanreadilybediscoveredinthebloodofitsvictims.However,inarecentstudyfoundthattheparasitecanstayintheskinandfat,aswellasintheblood.Theremayevenbeahigherdensity（密度）oftheparasiteintheskinthanintheblood.Thatmeansapersoncanhavenosymptomsbutstillbothharborthediseaseandspreadit.Thefindingcouldexplainthemysterious1970sinfection,andwhythediseasecanspringupinareasthathadpreviouslybeencleared.1、What'sthedangerofatsetseflybite?A．Itmakespeoplesleepy.B．Itcausesskindisease.C．Itbringsaboutdeaths.D．Ittransmitsdeadlyparasites.2、WhatcanweinferaboutsleepingsicknessfromParagraph3?A．It'sstillathreattohumanhealth.B．It'snotthatdangerousatpresent.C．It'sincurableintheearly20thcentury.D．It'scompletelyundercontrolinthe1960s.3、Whatdoestheunderlined"harbor"mostprobablymean?A．carryB．resistC．exchangeD．hide4、Whatdoesthelatestresearchindicateaccordingtothepassage?A．Sleepingsicknessisablooddisease.B．Skinismoresuitablefortheparasitetogrow.C．Sleepingsicknesscanbespreadwithnosigns.D．Parasitesintheskincausedthe1970sinfection.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Whensomeonehas1．(deep)hurtyou,itcanbeverydifficulttoletgoofyourangerButforgivenessispossibleanditcanbesurprisingly2．(benefit)toyourphysicalandmentalhealthSofar,studies3．(show)thatpeoplewhoforgivecanhavemoreenergy,betterappetiteandbettersleep“Peoplewhoforgiveshow4．(little)angerandmorehopefulness,”saysDrFredericLuskin,whowrotethebookForgiveforGood“Soitcanhelpreducethetirednessoutoftheimmunesystemandallowpeople5．(feel)moreenergetic”Sowhensomeonehashurtyou,cooldownfirstTakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomething6．givesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyouloveDon’twaitforan7．(apologize)“Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoumayneverthinkofapologizing,”saysDrLuskin“Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon’tseethingsin8．samewaySoifyouwaitforpeopletosaysorry,youcouldbewaitingforaverylongtime”Nextkeepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymean9．(accept)theactionofthepersonwhoupsetsyouInstead,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyouFinally,trytoseethingsfromtheotherperson’sperspectiveYoumayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofignoranceTogainperspective,youmaywanttowritealetterto10．(you)fromthatperson’spointofviewPerformersfromSouth-eastAsiatookpartinanInternationalliondancecompetitioninSingaporeaheadofthelunarNewYear，1．mostimportantholidayintheChinesecalendar．Theparticipantsatthe11thInternationalLionDanceCompetition2．(come)fromVietnam，Singapore，Myanmar，Indonesia，HongKongChinaandMalaysia．Theywerejudgedaccordingtotheirskills，graceandmusic．Thisyear’s3．(win)wasateamfromHongKongChina．“Liondancingisa4．(fade)traditionasweareseeinglessinterestamongtheyoungpeople，whoaremoreinterested5．spendingtimeontheirelectronicdevicesindoors，”saidJosephLow，theheadjudge．Thetraditionaldanceincludesperformers6．(dress)inalion’scostumeandmimicking(模仿)theanimal’smovements．Theliondanceisbelievedtobringgoodfortune．Usually，theliondance7．(perform)duringtheChineseNewYearandotherChinesetraditionalfestivals．Itmayalsobeperformedatimportantoccasionssuchasbusinessopeningevents，specialcelebrationsorwedding8．(ceremony)．TherearetwomainformsoftheChineseliondance，theNorthernLionandtheSouthernLion．Bothformsare9．(common)foundinChina，butaroundtheworldespeciallyinSouth-eastAsia，theSouthernLionismorecommonasitisspreadbytheChinesecommunities10．aremostlyofSouthernChineseorigin．SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Sportsofferkidstheabilitytoexercisewhilehavingfun,thechancetolearnhowtoplayasateam,andagoodwaytodevelopathleticskills.Despitethesebenefits,70%ofkidsquitsportsbytheageof13.1、.◆2、.Haveyoueverwatchedkindergartenersplaysocceragainstanotherteamofkindergarteners?Itisbothenjoyableandamusing.Nomatterwhatthescore,allthekidshaveagoodtimeandarehappy.3、.Thefocuschangesfromhavingfuntopracticingskills.Onlythepre-teenswiththebestskillscangetthemosttimeinthegame.Whatwasafunactivityatage5becomesasourceofstressandpressureforapre-teen.Thosewhoarenotamongthemosttalentedplayerstendtoquitandfindsomethingelsetheymightbegoodat.◆Itcostsmore.4、.Parentsofapre-teenaregoingtoneedtopurchaseauniform,gear,andequipment.Teamsneedtotraveltocompeteagainstteamsfromotherschoolsordistricts.Parentswhowanttowatchthegamesnowhaveextragascoststodealwith.Therefore,whenanactivitybecomesexpensive,parentsstartpushingtheirpre-teentodowellinit.Perhapstheparentscomplainthatiftheirpre-teenissittingonthebench,orisn’tthestarplayer,themoneywasn’tworthit.Thisaddsextrapressureonapre-teenwhomightquittheteam.◆It’stheage.Parentsneedtorememberthatpre-teensaregoingthroughalotofchanges.TheirbodiesarechangingSchoolhasbecomemorechallenging(andrequiresthemtomanagealotofhomework).5、Ifyourpre-teen’sfriendsquitplayingsoccer,yourpre-teenmightquitaswell.A．Theirpeersarebecomingmoreimportanttothemthantheirfamilyis.B．Themoremoneyinasport,thelessparticipationinit.C．Askidsgetolder,theexperienceofplayingsportschanges.D．Theolderaplayergets,themoreexpensivetheparticipationinasportbecomes.E.Itstopsbeingfun.F.Herearesomereasonswhythathappens.G.Theirfriendsarebecomingboredofsomesport.Manyteenagerswanttolookcool.1、ChloeMurray,aneighth-graderatJeffersonMiddleScho