Unit 1 People of Achievement (高二英语精准辅导学练测)

20232024学年高二英语【精准辅导】学练测Unit1PeopleofAchievement目录一单元重点词汇讲解突出重难点，点拨引导学生发现问题、解决问题二单元重点短语（汉译英）精准掌握单元重点短语三单句语法填空精准掌握语法用法四课文经典回顾课本知识语法填空自测五阅读理解提升阅读的理解能力六七选五提升推理判断能力，对文章结构的理解能力和还原信息、完形短文的能力七完形填空提高学习英语的综合能力八语法填空提升逻辑判断、分析理解能力九单元重点句式训练经典句型，提高写作水平十学习背诵范文回信介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物十一书面表达写一篇你作为一名即将回国的交换生在欢送会上发言的发言稿一．单元重点词汇讲解1.vitaladj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的【常用搭配】bevitalto/for...对……极重要的beofvitalimportance(=beveryimportant=beabsolutelyvital)对……至关重要Itisvitaltodosth做某事极其重要Itisvitalthat...……是非常重要的(that从句中要用虚拟语气,即shoulddo,should可以省略)playavitalrole/part(insth)(在某事中)起到极其重要的作用[点拨]Itisnecessary/vital/importantthat...(should)dosth.，should可以省略。【即学即练】1.Goodfinancialaccountsarevital________________thesuccessofanyenterprise.

2.Itisvitalthatyou________________(keep)accuraterecordswhenyouareselfemployed.

3.Understandinghistoryisvitalto___________(understand)ourselvesasapeopleandasanation.4.Itwasvital________________(show)thathewasnotafraid.

5.我们从失败中吸取教训是至关重要的。Itis________________thatwe(should)learnsomethingfromfailure.6.阅读在语言学习中至关重要。______________________________________________________________________________________答案：1.to/for2.(should)keep3.understanding4.toshow5.ofvitalimportance6.Readingisofvitalimportanceinlanguagelearning.2.【词汇拓展】_________vt.承诺;保证vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→_________adj.尽心尽力的,坚定的→_________n.承诺;付出;投入答案：mit,mitted,mitment【常用搭配】mit...to...使……致力于……;对……作出承诺makeamitmentto(do/doing)sth承诺做某事bemittedtosth/doingsth致力于,献身于(做)某事mitmistakes/acrime犯错/犯罪mitoneselftodosth.承诺做某事mitoneselfto(doing)sth.致力于做某事【即学即练】1.Hehasmittedhimself_____________thecauseofeducation.

2.Withthehelpoftheirfather,thetwinsweremittedto________(make)deliciousbreakfast.3.Theprimeministerispersonally_____________(mit)tothisproject.4.Wemadea_____________(mit)tokeepworkingtogether.

5.我强烈建议你每天花一个小时读英语，这能逐渐提高你的英语口语。Istronglyremendthat_________________________，whichwillgraduallyimproveyourspokenEnglish.6.他一生奉献于和平事业。____________________________________________________________________________________答案：1.to2.making3mitted4mitment5.you(should)mitonehourtoreadingEnglish6.Hemittedhimselftoworkingforthecauseofpeacethroughhislife.3.【词汇拓展】___________vt.评价；评估→___________n．评价；评估答案：evaluate，evaluation【即学即练】1.Eventheschoolprinciplewould_____________(evaluate)onsuchstatistics.2.Hegotagood___________(evaluate).答案：1.beevaluated,evaluation4.【词汇拓展】_________vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢→_________n.承认;感谢答案：acknowledge,acknowledgement【常用搭配】acknowledgethat...承认……acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth承认做了某事acknowledgesb/sthas/tobe...承认某人/某物是……Itisgenerally/widelyacknowledgedthat/tobe...大家公认/普遍认为……inacknowledgementofsth为了感谢……【即学即练】1.ZhengHe’sacplishmentsarenowwidely______________(acknowledge),andheisrememberedasoneofChina’smostinfluentialexplorers.

2.Englishisacknowledged______________thelanguageofbusiness,science,ITaroundtheworld.

3.Tomacknowledged____________(defeat)inthepetition,whichmadeusquitedepressed.4.大家公认这个越野赛跑是增强我们意志的机会。_______________thecrosscountryraceisanopportunitytostrengthenourwill.5.我感谢我的英语老师，没有他我不可能在英语方面取得如此巨大的进步。____________________________，withoutwhomIcouldn'thavemadesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.答案：1.acknowledged2.as/tobe3.beingdefeated4.Itisacknowledgedthat5.IacknowledgemyEnglishteacher5.【词汇拓展】____________adj.显而易见的；明显的→____________adv.显而易见；看来；显然答案：apparent,apparently【常用搭配】Itisapparent/clear/obviousthat…很显然……同义clearly，obviously【即学即练】1.___________(apparent),therobberwastryingtogetawaywhenhewasshot..Apparently2.Itisapparent_______Ineedtorethinkmylifealittlebit.答案：1.Apparently2.that6.insistvi.&vt.坚持;坚决要求【常用搭配】insiston/uponsth/sb(sb’s)doingsth坚持某事/坚持要某人做某事insistthat…(should)dosth坚决要求……做某事【知识拓展】insist意为“坚决要求”时,其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。insist意为“坚持说;坚持认为”时,后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。其后从句谓语用“(should+)动词原形”的常用词有：一个“坚持(insist)”；两道“命令(mand，order)”；三点“建议(suggest，propose，advise)”；四项“要求(demand，require，request，ask)”。【即学即练】1.Iinsistonour_____________(take)immediateactiontoprotectourenvironment.

2.Sheinsistedthateveryone_____________(take)partintheactivity.

3.Heinsistedthathe____________(be)qualifiedforthejob.

4.只有当我们坚持经常锻炼身体我们才能保持身心健康。Onlywhenwe_________________________________physicallyandmentallyhealthy.答案：1.taking2.shouldtake3.was4.insistonworkingoutregularlycanwekeep7.【词汇拓展】_________vt.结束;断定;推断出→_________n.结论;推论;结尾答案：conclude,conclusion【常用搭配】eto/reach/arriveat/drawaconclusion得出结论inconclusion最后;总之conclude(sth)with...以……结束conclude...from...从……中得出结论concludebydoingsth以……方式结束讲话【知识拓展】除inconclusion外,写作时表示“最后,总之”之意的短语还有:toconclude,inshort,inaword,inbrief,allinall,tosumup,onthewhole。【即学即练】1.Icanconclude______________theirremarksthattheyarenotinfavoroftheplan.

2.Thefamousnovelistconcludedhisspeech_____adistinguishedsaying“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”3.Scientistshaveetothe___________(conclude)thatthetemperatureonourplanetisgettinghigherandhigher.

4.我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。I__________________________________afriendinneedisafriendindeed.答案：1.from2.with3.conclusion4.drewaconclusionfrommyownexperiencesthat8.【词汇拓展】_________n．结果；后果→_________adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→_________答案：consequence，consequent，consequently【常用搭配】asaconsequence＝inconsequence因此；结果asaconsequenceof＝inconsequenceof因为；由于face/taketheconsequences面对/承担结果【即学即练】1.Icarelesslygottheplanruined,and__________(consequent)Ihadtofacetheconsequences.2.我祖父在医院接受治疗，因此我得照顾他。①Mygrandfatherwasundertreatmentinhospital,and____________，Ihavetoattendhim.②Mygrandfatherwasundertreatmentinhospital,and____________，Ihavetotakecareofhim.③Mygrandfatherwasundertreatmentinhospital,and____________，Ihavetocareforhim.答案：1.consequently2.①asaconsequence②consequently③asaresult9.takeupaposition担任;任职【常用搭配】takeupaposition担任；任职takeup拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占据(时间或空间)；学着做takeoff脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞；休假；大受欢迎takeover接管；获得对……的控制或管理takedown写下；记下；拆除takein吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗takeon呈现；雇用；承担；从事【即学即练】①Maryalwaystakesupthebookandreadswhensheisinlowspirits.________________

②Shetookupthestorywhereshehadleftoffthenightbefore.________________

③Agooddealofmytimeistakenupbydrivingthechildrentoschool.________________

④Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeofstartingyourownbusiness?________________

⑤Hedidnotparticularlywanttotakeupapetitivesport.________________

⑥Shetookupthepianowhenshewasfiveyearsold.________________2.Icouldhardly_________whattheteachersaidinclass,whichmademeinlowspirits.3.Tom，apersonwithpassion，will________hispositionaschairmanoftheStudentAssociationattheendofnextmonth.4.Whenthedelayedflightwill_________dependsmuchontheweather.5.随着科技的发展，我们的祖国呈现出新的面貌。Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，ourcountryhas________________．答案：1.①拿起②继续③占据④接受⑤开始从事⑥学着做2.takein3.takeup4.takeoff5.takenonanewlook10.【词汇拓展】答案：remark，remarkable,remarkably【常用搭配】beremarkablefor以……而著称remarkableachievement显著的成就makeremarkableprogress取得非凡的进步Itisremarkablethat…值得注意的是……【即学即练】1.Shewasatruly________________(remark)woman.2.Insteadofendingupinjailorinthegutterhewas__________________(remarkable)successful.3.Itwouldberemarkable___________anyonetosurvive.答案：1.remarkable2.remarkably3.for11.【词汇拓展】_____________vi.总结；概括n.金额；总数；总和→_____________n.总结答案：sum,summary【常用搭配】sumup总结；概括tosumup总的来说alargesumof一大笔【即学即练】1._______________________(一大笔钱)hasbeenlost.2.Letme_______________________________(总结一下主要观点)ofthepresentation.3.___________(总的来说),therearethreemainwaysofdealingwiththeproblem.答案：1.Alargesumofmoney2.sumupthemainpoints3.Tosumup二．单元重点短语（汉译英）1.承诺致力于做某事___________________2.坚决要求___________________3.(开始)掌权；上台___________________4.担任；任职___________________5.总结；概括___________________6.由于___________________7.连续地___________________8.被误认为是______________________________________10.(正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗__________________11.流程图__________________12.理论上__________________13.得出结论__________________14.与……不同__________________15.毕业于……__________________16.坚持做某事__________________17.从……中推断__________________18.在这种情况下__________________19.对……有天赋__________________20.由于……的缘故__________________21.导致__________________22.死于__________________23.一批；一堆__________________24.冒生命危险__________________答案：1mitoneselftodoingsth2.insiston3etopower4.takeupaposition5.sumup6.dueto7.onend8.bemistakenfor9.bychance10.wearandtear11.flowchart12.intheory13draw/reach/etoaconclusion14.bedistinct/differentfrom15.graduatefrom16.insistondoingsth17.inferfrom18.in/underthecircumstance19.haveagift/talent/geniusfor20.inconsequenceof21.leadto22.diefrom/of23.acollectionof24.riskone’slife三．单句语法填空用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。1.___________(apparent),theteacherisnotsatisfiedwithyourprogress.【解析】放在句首修饰句子用副词,故填Apparently。2.Iftheyinsist____leavingnow,pleasegoahead.【解析】因insiston是固定搭配，意为“坚持”,故填on。3.MoYanisaveryfamous_________(novel)inChina.【解析】根据句意及空格前的a可知，此处填novelist，表示“小说家”,故填novelist。4.TuYouyou,a____________(mit)scientist,wasborninNingbo,China.【解析】修饰名词scientist应用形容词,故填mitted。5.Weshoulddrawsome____________(conclusion)fromourfailure.【解析】因空格前有some修饰，填复数形式,故填conclusions。6.Themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostof________recovered.【解析】此处是由“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词patients指人，故关系代词用whom,故填whom。7.After_______(fail)morethan190times,theyfinallysucceededin1971.【解析】,故填failing。8.ItisanhonorforChina’s___________(science)researchtobespreadaroundtheworld.【解析】修饰名词research应用形容词,故填scientific。9.He____________(gradual)becamefamousthroughouttheworldasabasketballplayer.【解析】修饰动词became应用副词,故填gradually。10.TuYouyou’sresearchledtothe___________(discover)ofartemisinin(青蒿素).【解析】在冠词the与介词of之间，应填名词,故填discovery。四．课文经典回顾课本知识语法填空自测TuYouyou,amittedandpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China,on30December1930,and1______________(graduate)fromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.Aftershegraduated,sheworkedattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveof2_________________(discover)anewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamong3__________firstresearcherschosen.In1969,shebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijing,anddecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedicaltextstofindtraditionalbotanicaltreatments4_________thedisease.Afterfailingmorethan190times,theteam5____________(final)succeededin1971.TuYouyouand6_________(she)teammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalaria7_____________(patient),mostofwhomrecovered.Thismedicine,8__________wascalledartemisinin,soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.Ithasbeeavitalpartofthe9____________(treat)formalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.OnOctober5th2015,TuYouyou10______________(award)theNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicine.【解析】1.考查动词的时态。由1955可知，此处讲述的是1955年发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故填graduated。2.考查非谓语动词。介词of后接v.ing形式作宾语，故填discovering。3.考查冠词。序数词first前用定冠词the，故填the。4.考查介词。因treatmentforsth为固定搭配，意为“应对某物的治疗”，故填for。5.考查词性转换。修饰动词succeeded应用副词，故填finally。6.考查代词。修饰名词teammembers应用形容词性物主代词，故填her。7.考查名词单复数。由后文的mostofwhom可知，用名词的复数形式表泛指，故填patients。8.考查连词。引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词thismedicine指物，故填which。9.考查词性转换。根据空前的定冠词可知，空格处应该填名词，故填treatment。10.考查时态和语态。因TuYouyou与award是被动关系，且拿奖是在OnOctober5th2015，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填wasawarded。五.阅读理解阅读下面题文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。[2023·山东省济宁市高三上学期期中]ThebeautifulislandcountryofMadagascarhasaseriousschoolshortage.AboutathirdofMalagasychildrenhavenoaccesstoeducationbecausetheschoolsaretoofarawayorseverelyovercrowded.ThinkingHuts,anon­profitorganizationdedicatedtoincreasingglobalaccesstoeducation,planstotackletheissuewithaseriesof3D­printedschools,thefirstofwhichwaspletedinApril2022.The765­square­feetstructure,namedBougainvillea,willhouse30students.Theconstructionbeganwiththeprinterpouringacement­like(水泥状)mixtureinapatterntocreatethewalls.Theentireprocesstookjust18hours!Theroof,doorsandwindowswerelocallysourced,andthewallsweremadeofacementmixturethatcanresistbigenvironmentalpressuresinthearea.Bougainvilleawas3Dprintedby14Trees,apanywithexperienceprintingbuildingsthroughoutKenyaandMalawi.MaggieGrouts,the22­year­oldfounderofThinkingHuts,isaseniorattheUniversityofColoradoandwasjust15whenshestartedThinkingHuts.Adoptedfromaruralvillagewhenshewas18monthsold,Groutrealizedthatnotallkidswereasfortunateasherandwantedtohelp.Theideaforthe3D­printedschoolscametoherafterbrainstormingwithherfatheronwaystousethetechnologyforthegreatergood.The3Dprintingapproachshrinkstheconstructionturnaroundtimefrommonthstodays,aswellasthecost.Thisallowsmoreschoolstobebuiltinlesstimeandreducesthebuilding'scarbonfootprints.Andthesesavingsintime,costandmaterialsmeetarealneedforeducationinfrastructure(基础设施)tohelpbridgetheglobalopportunitygap.“ThinkingHutshopestohaveaThinkingHutineverymunitywherechildrendonothaveaplaceforeducationandisfundraisingtodevelopthisgoal.Byusing3Dprinting,wearebiningthepotentialoftechnologywitharchitecturalsolutionsthattacklerealproblemstheworldfaceswithineducation，”saysGrouts.1．Whatare3D­printedschoolsintendedfor?A.Reducingconstructionwastes.B.Helpingdealwithashortageofschools.C.Providinghigh­qualityeducationforlocalstudents.D.Drawingpublicattentionto3D­printingtechnology.2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesBougainvillea?A.Ithasaplexarchitecturalstructure.B.Itfeaturesstrongresistancetobadweather.C.Itisbuiltwiththehelpofthelocalgovernment.D.Itcanholdmorestudentsthantraditionalschools.3．WhatcanbeinferredaboutMaggieGroutsfromthetext?A.Sheistrulycreativeandwarmhearted.B.Shehadnoaccesstoschoolasachild.C.Sheisdevotedtodesigning3D­printedproducts.D.Sheraisedmoneyforkidsfromruralareas.4．WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph4?A.Theadvantagesof3D­printedschools.B.Thewidepopularityof3D­printingtechnology.C.Thesignificanceofnarrowingtheglobalopportunitygap.D.Theimpactof3D­printedbuildingsontheenvironment.【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了MaggieGrouts在马达加斯加创办3D打印学校的事迹。1．答案：B推理判断题。根据第一段中“ThebeautifulislandcountryofMadagascarhasaseriousschoolshortage.”及“ThinkingHuts,anon­profitdedicatedtoincreasingglobalaccesstoeducation,planstotackletheissuewithaseriesof3D­printedschools,thefirstofwhichwaspletedinApril2022.”可知，3D打印学校的目的是帮助解决学校短缺问题。2．答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段中“The765­square­feetstructure,namedBougainvillea,willhouse30students.”及“Theroof,doorsandwindowswerelocallysourced,andthewallsweremadeofacementmixturethatcanresistbigenvironmentalpressuresinthearea.”可知，Bougainvillea的建筑特点是抵抗坏天气能力强。3．答案：A推理判断题。根据第三段中“Adoptedfromaruralvillagewhenshewas18monthsold,Groutrealizedthatnotallkidswereasfortunateasherandwantedtohelp.Theideaforthe3D­printedschoolscametoherafterbrainstormingwithherfatheronwaystousethetechnologyforthegreatergood.”可知，MaggieGrouts很有创造力(创办3D打印学校)，也很热心(帮助孩子们接受教育)。4．答案：A主旨大意题。根据第四段“3D打印方法将施工周转时间从几个月缩短到几天，也降低了成本。这使得在更短的时间内建造更多的学校，减少了建筑的碳足迹。这些在时间、成本和材料上的节省满足了教育基础设施的实际需求，以帮助弥合全球机会差距。”等内容可知，本段主要讲了3D打印学校的优势。六．七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2023·泰安市高三期中]Foryears,friendshipinAmericahasbeenindecline.__1__Friendshipcanbeanimportantfactorinwell­being,whilelonelinesscanbeassociatedwithdepressionandanxietyorheartdiseaseandstroke.Julianne,aprofessorofpsychology,said,“__2__”3__Anotherstudyfoundmiddle­agedwomenwhohadthreeormorefriendstendedtohavehigherlevelsofsatisfaction.__4__Lonelinessisasortofsignaloralarmsystem.Everyonefeelslonelyfromtimetotime,butthisisadeeperquestionaboutwhetheryouregularlyfeelleftoutorisolated.OnerecentsurveysuggestedthatroughlyoneinthreeAmericanshaveexperienced“seriousloneliness”.Italsohelpstoaskyourselfiftherearepartsofyouridentitythatfeelrestricted.5__Dr.Hall'sresearchsuggeststhatonaverage,veryclosefriendshipstendtotakearound200hourstodevelop.Quantityandqualitygohand­in­hand.Yourpersonalityandthecharacteristicsofyourlifearegoingtomakeadifference,sotrytomakesomeclosefriends.A．Friendshipisveryimportanttopeople.B．Howcanyoutellifyouneedmorefriends?C．Lonelinessisasharmfultohealthassmoking.D．Whatdoyouneedtomakemorefriends?E．Thetrendhasbeenacceleratedduringthepandemic.F．Theamountoftimeyouspendwithyourfriendsmatters,too.G．Onestudyshowedpeoplehavingsixormorefriendshavebetterhealth.【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们揭露了朋友的重要性，表明了孤独的危害，同时道出了成年后交朋友并不总是那么容易的原因。1．答案：E上文“Foryears,friendshipinAmericahasbeenindecline.”在讲述美国的友谊一直在衰退；下文“Friendshipcanbeanimportantfactorinwell­being,whilelonelinesscanbeassociatedwithdepressionandanxietyorheartdiseaseandstroke.”在讲述友谊的益处；选项E讲述美国友谊衰退这一趋势在加速，因为在疫情期间，人们通常是呆在家里的，这更加不利于友谊的发展，故本句承接了上文所述内容，是对上文内容的补充，同时引出下文对于友谊重要性的阐述。2．答案：C前文“Friendshipcanbeanimportantfactorinwell­being,whilelonelinesscanbeassociatedwithdepressionandanxietyorheartdiseaseandstroke.”在讲述友谊的重要性，同时提出孤独可能与抑郁、焦虑或心脏病和中风有关；上文“Julianne,aprofessorofpsychology,said”表明了空处是Julianne说的话；选项C在讲述孤独的坏处，与前文所述主旨一致，都意在表明孤独的危害，故选C项。3．答案：G上文“Whilesheadmitstherearen'tmanystudiesthathavespecificallytackledthequestionofhowmanyfriendspeopleshouldhave,somewherebetweenthreeandsixclosefriendsmaybethesweetspot.”在讲述人们拥有3至6个亲密朋友可能是最佳选择；下文“Anotherstudyfoundmiddle­agedwomenwhohadthreeormorefriendstendedtohavehigherlevelsofsatisfaction.”讲述有三个或更多朋友的中年女性往往有更高的满意度；选项G讲述有六个或更多朋友的人身体更健康，与上下文主旨一致，都是对人们到底该有多少朋友的问题的研究探讨；故选G项。4．答案：B下文讲述与孤独相关的内容，提到了是不是经常感到被冷落或孤立，因为缺少朋友才会经常感到孤独，言外之意，如果经常感到孤独，那说明你就是缺朋友了，故本段主要讲述了怎样判断自己是否需要更多朋友，故选B项。5．答案：F上文讲述人们因为交往时间短而不信任新人，往往又重新开始旧的关系；下文讲述非常亲密的友谊往往需要大约200个小时才能建立起来；选项F讲述和朋友在一起的时间也很重要，承接了上文所述内容，同时引出下文拿出具体研究结果为依据来对空处所述内容的论证；故选F项。七、完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。[2023·惠州市高三第一次调研]Onesummerday,Bella,ourpetdog,wasinthebushesinourbackyardmakingallsortsofnoises.Our11­year­olddaughter,Kaitlin,discoveredhersniffingandpawingata__1__，whereseveralcaterpillars(毛毛虫)chewedleaves.MyhusbandandIquiteworriedthatourbackyard—a__2__hangoutofbirds,squirrels,andneighborhoodcats—wasn'tthesafestenvironmentfor__3__caterpillars.Sowegotabutterflyhousewherethecaterpillarscould__4__transformthemselves.Eachday,whenwetookthebutterflyhousetothebackyard,Bella__5__withit.Eachnight,whenwebroughtitbackinside,Bella__6__，andthensleptunderthetableonwhichitrested.Wedidn'tknowwhyBellawasso__7__，butshewasthereforeverystepofthebuddingbutterflies'__8__．Finally,thecaterpillarsturnedintobeautifulqueenbutterflies.__9__，Belladidn'tseemworriedwhenKaitlin__10__them.Infact,Bellaseemedtounderstandthatthiswaspartofthe__11__.Itwasn'tuntilonelastbutterflywouldn'tflyawaythatBellaexpressed__12__.Shegentlyrestedherheadnearthe__13__flier,whichcrawledontohernose.Bellaliftedherhead,pointedhernose,andletoutone__14__.Awayflewthequeenbutterfly,movingherwingslightlyupanddown,seeminglyneedingalittle__15__fromafriendtobeginhermigration.1．A.cave B．branchC．bone D．dustbin2．A.messy B．rareC．frequent D．noisy3．A.delicate B．tinyC．gentleD．delicious4．A.graduallyB．fortablyC．safelyD．easily5．A.fought B．dealtC．agreed D．moved6．A.followedB．leftC．hesitated D．ignored7．A.curious B．annoyedC．scaredD．attached8．A.journey B．transformationC．tragedyD．flight9．A.Fortunately B．DelightfullyC．Surprisingly D．Thankfully10．A.releasedB．cuppedC．hurt D．approached11．A.experiment B．adventureC．cycle D．rescue12．A.love B．concernC．doubt D．gratitude13．A.stubbornB．abnormalC．brave D．unwilling14．A.sigh B．cryC．cheer D．regret15．A.benefit B．hugC．understandingD．push【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的宠物狗Bella在后院发现了几条毛毛虫，作者和丈夫担心后院的环境对毛毛虫来说不安全，于是给毛毛虫做了个蝴蝶屋。自此，Bella开始了自己的“守望”之旅，它每天护送毛毛虫从屋里到后院的来回搬动，睡在蝴蝶屋下，看着毛毛虫破茧成蝶，最后看着它们飞走。1．答案：B根据上文中提到的“inthebushes”可知，Bella嗅树枝，并抓来抓去。2．答案：C根据语境可知，鸟、松鼠和附近的猫经常光顾作者的后院，所以这对毛毛虫来说会很危险。3．答案：A根据常识可知，毛毛虫在这个阶段比较脆弱。4．答案：C根据上文中的“wasn'tthesafestenvironment”可知，“abutterflyhouse”会确保毛毛虫可以安全地变成蝴蝶。5．答案：D根据下文中的“shewasthereforeverystepofthebuddingbutterflies'__8__”可知，“我们”把蝴蝶屋从屋里移到后院的时候，Bella会一起出去，而当“我们”把蝴蝶屋从院里搬回屋里的时候，Bella会跟着回去。6．答案：A参见上题解析。7．答案：D根据下文中的“shewasthereforeverystepofthebuddingbutterflies'__8__”可知，Bella与毛毛虫形影不离(attached)。8．答案：B此处考查词汇复现。根据上文中的“wegotabutterflyhousewherethecaterpillarscould__4__transformthemselves”可知，B项正确。transformation“变化，转变”。9．答案：C本空为副词修饰整个句子。根据下文中的“Belladidn'tseemworriedwhenKaitlin__10__them”，再结合上文中Bella与毛毛虫形影不离可知，Bella的这种表现是令人意外的。10．答案：A根据上文中的“Finally,thecaterpillarsturnedintobeautifulqueenbutterflies”和常识可知，毛毛虫变成蝴蝶后就不适合待在蝴蝶屋了，Kaitlin会把它们放出来。11．答案：C分析语境可知，此处解释了“Belladidn'tseemworried”的原因，即它似乎理解这是生命周期的一部分。12．答案：B此处与上文中的“Belladidn'tseemworried”形成对比，表示最后一只蝴蝶不愿飞走时，Bella开始担心了。13．答案：D此处是对“onelastbutterflywouldn'tflyaway”的形容，即这是一只“不愿意”飞走的蝴蝶。14．答案：A上文讲到Bella开始担心，因此它叹了声气。15．答案：D根据语境可知，蝴蝶轻轻地上下扇动着翅膀，似乎是需要一个朋友助它一臂之力。八．语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。[2023·郑州市第二次质量检测]Aftertraveling1.________spaceforsevenmonths,China'sTianwen­1probe(探测器)hasreachedMarsand2.________(smooth)enteredtheorbitonFebruary10，2021,accordingtoChinaNationalSpaceAdministration.Theadministrationalsopublishedablack­and­whitepictureofMarstakenbyTianwen­13.________theprobewasabout2.2millionkilometersfromMars.Thename“Tianwen”，4.________(borrow)fromanancientChinesepoembyQuYuanofthestateofChu,5.________(mean)“thequestforheavenlytruth”.Tianwen­1,thecountry'sfirst6.________(independence)Marsmission(任务),waslaunchedbyaLongMarch5heavy­liftcarrierrocket,byfarthe7.________(large)launchvehicleinChina,fromtheWenchangSpaceLaunchCenterinHainanProvince,onJuly23,2020.Themission8.________(design)tostudythepositionoftheMartianatmosphereaswellascontributetotheongoingsearchforpastandpresentlife.9.________willbethefirstmissioninspacehistorytopleteorbiting,landingandwanderingatatime.Thefinalgoalistosoft­landaroverinMayonthesouthernpartofMars'UtopiaPlanitia10.________(conduct)scientificsurveys.【解析】本文主要介绍了“天问一号”的成功发射，还介绍了探测器的名称由来和发射目的等。1．答案：through/in考查介词。根据空后的“space”可知，该处指“在太空中旅行”。故用介词through或者in。2．答案：smoothly考查副词。副词修饰动词，空处修饰动词“entered”。故用smooth的副词形式。3．答案：when考查连词。根据语境“中国国家航天局还公布了一张由‘天问一号’在距离火星约220万千米时拍摄的火星黑白照片”可知，空处引导时间状语从句，应用when作连接词，表示“在……时候”。4．答案：borrowed考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语动词为5空，此空为非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语之间为动宾关系。故用过去分词。5．答案：means考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子谓语，该句陈述的是客观情况，故用一般现在时；该句主语为Thename“Tianwen”，为单数概念。故谓语动词用单数。6．答案：independent考查形容词。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词短语“Marsmission”。故用independence的形容词形式。7．答案：largest考查形容词的最高级。此处表示2020年7月23日，我国首个独立火星任务“天问一号”在海南省文昌航天发射中心由中国迄今为止最大的运载火箭长征五号重型运载火箭发射升空。根据空前的“byfarthe”可知，空处用最高级“largest”。8．答案：isdesigned/hasbeendesigned考查时态和语态。该句主语Themission和动词design之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；该句可以用一般现在时陈述当前客观事实，也可以用现在完成时强调设计此任务带来的影响或结果。9．答案：It考查代词。结合语境可知，空处指代上句的主语“Themission”。故用It。10．答案：toconduct考查动词不定式。该句意为：该任务的最终目标是在5月份在火星的乌托邦平原南部软着陆一辆火星车，以进行科学调查。应用动词不定式表示目的。单元重点句式1.[教材原句]UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.”获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我。”句型：upon/ondoing(that)...表示“一……就……”on或upon后面也可以直接加名词。说明：“一……就……”的其他表达方式:①assoonas,nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...等。②副词用作连词:immediately,directly等。③名词用作连词:theminute/themoment/theinstant等。④at引导的一些介词短语,如atthesightof(一看到),atthethoughtof(一想到),atthesoundof(一听到)等。练透：1.On________________(arrive)homeIdiscoveredtheyhadgone.

2.Wewerefilledwithexcitement______________thethoughtofvisitingtheGreatWall.

3.________________________(她刚一说完)thansheburstintotears.

4._____________________________(我们刚坐下用晚餐)whenthephonerang.

答案：2.at3.Nosoonerhadshesaidit4.Wehadhardlysatdowntosupper2.[教材原句]ItisindeedanhonourforChina'sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。句型：“Itisanhonourforsb.todosth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是一种荣幸”练透：1.我真诚地希望你的梦想会实现，当那一天到来时，带你参观北京是我的荣幸。Isincerelyhopeyourdreamwilletrueand______________________________whenthatdayes.答案：1.it'smyhonourtoshowyouaroundBeijing3.[教材原句]ItisindeedanhonourforChina'sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。句型：Itis＋过去分词＋that从句说明：it作形式主语的常用句式：①Itbe＋anhonour＋forsb.todosth./Itisone'sgreathonourtodosth.②Itbe＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，supposed，reported...)＋that从句③Itbe＋形容词(strange，important，vital，obvious，possible...)＋that从句④Itbe＋名词短语(apity，ashame，afact，agoodidea，nowonder...)＋that从句练透：1.Ashighschoolstudents,________________________________(保护海洋是我们的责任),whicharethelungsofourplanet.2._______________________(普遍认为)ITha